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Amphicyoninae

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	56986	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=56986

Rank

subfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Amphicyoninae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Laurasiatheria	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Scrotifera	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Ferae	Linnaeus 1758
-	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
-	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora	Bowditch 1821
suborder	Caniformia	Kretzoi 1943
family	Amphicyonidae	Haeckel 1886
subfamily	Amphicyoninae	Trouessart 1885

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Amphicyoninae	subfamily	belongs to Canidae	stated without evidence	Matthew, 1902
Amphicyoninae	subfamily	belongs to Ursidae	stated without evidence	Ginsburg, 1977
Amphicyoninae	subfamily	belongs to Amphicyonidae	stated with evidence	Hunt, 1998
Amphicyoninae	subfamily	belongs to Amphicyonidae	stated without evidence	Peigné et al., 2008

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

30.8 - 23.0 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Amphicyonidae)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

M. T. Antunes and P. Mein. 1977. Contributions à la paléontologie du Miocène moyen continental du Bassin du Tage, III; Mammifères - Póvoa de Santarém, Pero Filho et Chões (Secorio), Conclusions générales. [Paleontology of the continental middle Miocene of the Tagus Basin, III; Mammals - Póvoa de Santarém, Pero Filho et Chões (Secorio), General Conclusions. Ciencias de Terra (UNL) (3):143-165

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Thaumastocyonini ✝ tribe	listed (PBDB)
Amphicyon ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	115	28.4 Ma Oligocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Cynelos ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	51	30.8 Ma Oligocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Goupilictis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	28.4 Ma Oligocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Ischyrocyon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	38	23.0 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Magericyon ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	9.70 Ma Miocene	9.70 Ma Miocene
Pliocyon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	23.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Pseudocyon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	25	20.4 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Ysengrinia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	14	30.8 Ma Oligocene	20.4 Ma Miocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1885	Amphicyoninae Trouessart
1902	Amphicyoninae Matthew p. 281
1965	Amphicyoninae Savage p. 288
1977	Amphicyoninae Ginsburg p. 225
1998	Amphicyoninae Hunt, Jr.
2008	Amphicyoninae Peigné et al. p. 944
2015	Amphicyoninae Hunt, Jr. and Stepleton pp. e891229-4

References

Antunes M. T., Mein P. (1977) Contributions à la paléontologie du Miocène moyen continental du Bassin du Tage, III; Mammifères - Póvoa de Santarém, Pero Filho et Chões (Secorio), Conclusions générales. [Paleontology of the continental middle Miocene of the Tagus Basin, III; Mammals - Póvoa de Santarém, Pero Filho et Chões (Secorio), General Conclusions, Ciencias de Terra (UNL) 3, 143-165

Matthew W. D. (1902) New canidae from the Miocene of Colorado, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 16 21, 281-290

Savage R. J. G. (1965) Fossil Mammals of Africa: 19 The Miocene Carnivora of East Africa, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 10 8, 241-316

Ginsburg L. (1977) Les carnivores du Miocene de Beni Mellal (Maroc), Geologie Mediterraneene 4 3, 225-240

Hunt, Jr. R. M. (1998) Amphicyonidae, 196-227

Peigné S., Salesa M. J., et al (2008) A new amphicyonine (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the upper Miocene of Batallones-1, Madrid, Spain, Palaeontology 51 4, 943-965 doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00788.x

Hunt, Jr. R. M., Stepleton E. (2015) A Skull of the Immigrant Eurasian Beardog Cynelos (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the Early Miocene of Southern California, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 1 doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.891229

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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