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Ethiopia | |
| Kennan, P. S., Mitchell, J. G., & Mohr, P. (1990). The Sagatu Ridge dyke swarm, Ethiopian rift margin: revised age and new Sr-isotopic data. Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East), 11(1-2), 39-42. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(90)90075-P Mohr, P. (1980). Geochemical aspects of the Sagatu dyke swarm, Ethiopian Rift margin. In Geodynamic Evolution of the Afro-Arabian Rift System (Vol. 47, pp. 387-406). Mohr, P. A., & Potter, E. C. (1976). The Sagatu Ridge dike swarm, Ethiopian rift margin. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1(1), 55-71. doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(76)90018-4 Di Paola, G.M. 1973. The Ethiopian rift valley (between 7º00' and 8º40' lat.north). Bulletin Volcanologique, 36, 517-560. |
| Di Paola, G. M. (1976). Geological Map of the Tullu MojeVolcanic Area (Arusi: Ethiopian Rift valley). 1: 75,000 Scale. Laboratorio di Geocronologia e Geochimica isotopica, CNR, Pisa, Italy. |
| Woldegabriel, Giday, Aronson, James L., Walter, Robert C. (1990) Geology, geochronology, and rift basin development in the central sector of the Main Ethiopia Rift. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 102 (4) 439-458 doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<0439:ggarbd>2.3.co;2 Woldegabriel, Giday, Aronson, James L., Walter, Robert C. (1990) Geology, geochronology, and rift basin development in the central sector of the Main Ethiopia Rift. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 102 (4) 439-458 doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<0439:ggarbd>2.3.co;2 Mohr, P. (1980). Geochemical aspects of the Sagatu dyke swarm, Ethiopian Rift margin. In Geodynamic Evolution of the Afro-Arabian Rift System (Vol. 47, pp. 387-406). Di Paola, G. M. (1976). Geological Map of the Tullu MojeVolcanic Area (Arusi: Ethiopian Rift valley). 1: 75,000 Scale. Laboratorio di Geocronologia e Geochimica isotopica, CNR, Pisa, Italy. Le Bas, M. J., & Mohr, P. A. (1968). Feldspathoidal rocks from the Cainozoic volcanic province of Ethiopia. Geologische Rundschau, 58(1), 273-280. doi.org/10.1007/BF01820608 Mohr, P. A. (1966). Geological report on the Lake Langano and adjacent plateau regions. Bull. Geophys. Obs. Addis Ababa, 9, 59-75. Di Paola, G.M. 1973. The Ethiopian rift valley (between 7º00' and 8º40' lat.north). Bulletin Volcanologique, 36, 517-560. |
| Mohr, P., Mitchell, J. G., & Raynolds, R. G. H. (1980). Quaternary volcanism and faulting at O’a Caldera, Central Ethiopian Rift. Bulletin Volcanologique, 43(1), 173-189. doi.org/10.1007/BF02597619 Di Paola, G.M. 1973. The Ethiopian rift valley (between 7º00' and 8º40' lat.north). Bulletin Volcanologique, 36, 517-560. Mohr, P. &. O'Donnell, H. 1983. Geochemistry of obsidians from O'a and related volcanic centres in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. Sinet, Ethiopina Journal of Science, 6, 53-64. |
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Kenya | |
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| Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., Allen, D. J., & Darling, W. G. (1993). The geothermal activity and geology of the northern sector of the Kenya Rift Valley. Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105. Sceal, J. S. C., & Weaver, S. D. (1971). Trace element data bearing on the origin of salic rocks from the Quaternary volcano Paka, Gregory Rift, Kenya. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 12(3), 327-331. doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(71)90218-4 Hackmann, B.D. 1988. The geology of the Baringo-Laikipia area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 104. |
| Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105. Weaver, S. D. (1977). The Quaternary caldera volcano Emuruangogolak, Kenya Rift, and the petrology of a bimodal ferrobasalt-pantelleritic trachyte association. Bulletin Volcanologique, 40(4), 209-230. doi.org/10.1007/BF02597564 Webb, P.K. & Weaver, S.D. 1976. Trachyte shield volcanoes: a new volcanic form from South Turkana, Kenya. Bulletin Volcanologique, 39, 294-312. |
| Jennings, D. J. (1964). Geology of the Kapsabet-Plateau area: degree sheet 34, SW quarter (with coloured geological map) (No. 63). Geological Survey of Kenya. Sanders, L. D. (1963). Geology of the Eldoret area. Geol. Surv. Kenya, 64. |
| Bestland, E. A., & Krull, E. S. (1999). Palaeoenvironments of Early Miocene Kisingiri volcano Proconsul sites: evidence from carbon isotopes, palaeosols and hydromagmatic deposits. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(5), 965-976. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.5.0965 Bestland, E. A., Thackray, G. D., & Retallack, G. J. (1995). Cycles of doming and eruption of the Miocene Kisingiri Volcano, Southwest Kenya. The Journal of Geology, 103(5), 598-607. doi.org/10.1086/629779 DRAKE, R. E., VAN COUVERING, J. A., PICKFORD, M. H., CURTIS, G. H., & HARRIS, J. A. (1988). New chronology for the Early Miocene mammalian faunas of Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 479-491. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0479 Rubie, D. C., & Gunter, W. D. (1983). The role of speciation in alkaline igneous fluids during fenite metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 165-175. doi.org/10.1007/BF01166611 Rubie, D. C. (1982). Mass transfer and volume change during alkali metasomatism at Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Lithos, 15(2), 99-109. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(82)90003-2 Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214 Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 |
| Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom). |
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88. Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 Sutherland, D.S. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88. Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 |
| Matheson, F. J. (1966). Geology of the Kajiado area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 70. Fairburn, W. A. (1963). Geology of the North Machakos-Thika Area: Degree Sheet 52 NW, with Coloured Geological Map (No. 59). Geological Survey of Kenya. Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya |
| Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 134. Saggerson, E. P. (1991). Geology of the Nairobi area (No. 98). Mines & Geological Department. |
| Saggerson, E. P. (1991). Geology of the Nairobi area (No. 98). Mines & Geological Department. Saggerson, E. P. (1991). Geology of the Nairobi area (No. 98). Mines & Geological Department. Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107 Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107 Matheson, F. J. (1966). Geology of the Kajiado area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 70. Matheson, F. J. (1966). Geology of the Kajiado area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 70. |
| Fairhead, J. D., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1972). New K/Ar determinations on rift volcanics of S. Kenya and their bearing on age of rift faulting. Nature Physical Science, 238(83), 66-69. doi.org/10.1038/physci238066a0 Baker, B. H., Williams, L. A. J., Miller, J. A., & Fitch, F. J. (1971). Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11(3), 191-215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8 Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya |
| Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 136. Fairhead, J. D., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1972). New K/Ar determinations on rift volcanics of S. Kenya and their bearing on age of rift faulting. Nature Physical Science, 238(83), 66-69. doi.org/10.1038/physci238066a0 Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya |
| Crossley, R. (1979). The Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the western part of the Rift Valley in southern Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 136(4), 393-405. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.136.4.0393 Baker, B. H. (1963) Geology of the Area South of Magadi. Report 61. Geological Survey of Kenya Peterson, T.D. 1989. Peralkaline nephelinites. II. Low pressure-fractionation and the hypersodic lavas of Oldoinyo Lengai. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 102, 336-346. |
| Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London. Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 138. Dindi, E. W., & Swain, C. J. (1988). Joint three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data from Jombo Hill alkaline complex, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 493-504. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0493 Rock, N. M. S. (1976). The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56(2), 205-228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605 Coetzee, G. L., & Edwards, C. B. (1959). The Mrima Hill carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62(1), 373-397. Caswell, P. V., & Baker, B. H. (1953). Geology of the Mombasa-Kwale Area Report No. 24. Nairobi, Geological Survey of Kenya. Hayward (pers.. comm. 1999) |
| Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 138. Dindi, E. W., & Swain, C. J. (1988). Joint three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data from Jombo Hill alkaline complex, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 493-504. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0493 Rock, N. M. S. (1976). The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56(2), 205-228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605 Coetzee, G.L., Edwards, C.B. (1959) The Mrima Hill Carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62:1, 373-397. Coetzee, G. L., & Edwards, C. B. (1959). The Mrima Hill carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62(1), 373-397. Caswell, P. V., & Baker, B. H. (1953). Geology of the Mombasa-Kwale Area Report No. 24. Nairobi, Geological Survey of Kenya. |
| Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 105. Ochieng, J. O., Wilkinson, A. F., Kagasi, J., & Kimomo, S. (1988). Geology of the Loiyangalani area. Report 107 (Reconnaissance). Wilkinson, A. F. (1988). Geology of the Allia Bay area. Report Mines Geol Dept Kenya, 109, 1-54. Dodson, R. G. (1971). Geology of the Area South of Lodwar: Degree Sheet 18, NE Quarter. Ministry of Natural Resources. Geological survey of Kenya. Joubert, P. (1966). Geology of the Loperot area: Degree sheet 18, SE quarter (No. 74). Ministry of Natural Resources, Geological Survey of Kenya. Baker, B. H. (1963). Geology of the Baragoi Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 53. Dodson, R. G. (1963) Geology of the South Horr Area. Report 60. Geological Survey of Kenya |
| Key, R. M., & Watkins, R. T. (1988). Geology of the Sabarei area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 111. McDougall, I., & Watkins, R. T. (1988). Potassium–argon ages of volcanic rocks from northeast of Lake Turkana, northern Kenya. Geological Magazine, 125(1), 15-23. doi.org/10.1017/S001675680000933X Fitch, F. J., Watkins, R. T., & MILLER, J. A. (1975). Age of a new carbonatite locality in northern Kenya. Nature, 254(5501), 581-583. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/254581a0.pdf Ministry of Energy and Regional Development 1987. Geological map of Kenya. 1:1000000. Ministry of Energy and Regional Development, Republic of Kenya. Wilkinson, A.F. 1988. Geology of the Allia Bay Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 109. |
| Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153). Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560 Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205–228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605 Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8 Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp. Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp. Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222. |
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| Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05 Clarke, M. C. G., Woodhall, D. G., Allen, D., & Darling, G. (1990). Geological, volcanological and hydrological controls on the occurrence of geothermal activity in the area surrounding Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Kenya, Ministry of Energy Report, Nairobi, Kenya. Scott, S. C., & Bailey, D. K. (1984). Coeruption of contrasting magmas and temporal variations in magma chemistry at Longonot volcano, Central Kenya. Bulletin Volcanologique, 47(4), 849-873. doi.org/10.1007/BF01952347 Scott, S. C. (1982). Evidence from Longonot Volcano, central Kenya, lending further support to the argument for a coexisting CO 2 rich vapour in peralkaline magma. Geological Magazine, 119(2), 215-217. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800025917 Scott, S. C. (1980). The geology of Longonot volcano, Central Kenya: a question of volumes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 296(1420), 437-465. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0188 |
| Macdonald, R., Navarro, J. M., Upton, B. G. J., & Davies, G. R. (1994). Strong compositional zonation in peralkaline magma: Menengai, Kenya Rift Valley. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 60(3-4), 301-325. doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(94)90057-4 Leat, P. T. (1991). Volcanological development of the Nakuru area of the Kenya rift valley. Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East), 13(3-4), 483-498. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(91)90111-B Leat, P. T. (1985). Facies variations in peralkaline ash-flow tuffs from the Kenya Rift Valley. Geological magazine, 122(2), 139-150. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800031046 Leat, P. T. (1984). Geological evolution of the trachytic caldera volcano Menengai, Kenya Rift Valley. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(6), 1057-1069. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.6.1057 Leat, P. T., MacDonald, R., & Smith, R. L. (1984). Geochemical evolution of the Menengai caldera volcano, Kenya. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8571-8592. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08571 Jennings, D. J. (1971). Geology of the Molo area. Report. Geological Survey of Kenya, 86. McCall, G. J. H. (1967). Geology of the Nakuru-Thomson's Falls-Lake Hannington area. Rep. Geol. Surv. Kenya, 78, 122. |
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| Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563 King, B. C., Le Bas, M. J., & Sutherland, D. S. (1972). The history of the alkaline volcanoes and intrusive complexes of eastern Uganda and western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 128(2), 173-205. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.128.2.0173 Baker, B. H., Williams, L. A. J., Miller, J. A., & Fitch, F. J. (1971). Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11(3), 191-215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8 Le Bas, M. J., & Dixon, J. A. (1965). A new carbonatite in the Legetet hills, Kenya. Nature, 207(4992), 68-68. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/207068a0.pdf Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50. |
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| Fairburn, W. A., & Matheson, F. J. (1970). Geology of the Loiya-Lorugumu Area: Degree Sheets 17, NE Quarter and 18, NW Quarter (No. 85). Geological Survey of Kenya. Smith, W. C. (1938). Petrographic description of volcanic rocks from Turkana, Kenya Colony, with notes on their field occurrence from the manuscript of Mr. AM Champion. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 94(1-4), 507-554. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1938.094.01-04.18 |
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Lesotho | |
| Clarke, D. B., & MacKay, R. M. (1990). An ilmenite-garnet-clinopyroxene nodule from Matsoku: evidence for oxide—rich liquid immiscibility in kimberlites. Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 229-239. |
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Madagascar | |
- Ambatofinandrahana District
| Rasoamalala, V., Salvi, S., Béziat, D., Ursule, J.-Ph., Cuney, M., de Parseval, Ph., Guillaume, D., Moine, B., Andriamampihantona, J. (2014) Geology of bastnaesite and monazite deposits in the Ambatofinandrahana area, central part of Madagascar: An overview. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 94. 128-140 doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2013.11.009 |
| De Saint Ours, Jacques (1960) Etudes geologiques dans l'extreme nord de Madagascar et L'Archipel des Comores. République Malgache, Ministère de l’Economie National -Service Géologique , Tananarive. p.1-272. Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar- Tome II - Minéralogie appliqueé lithologie. A. Challamel, Paris. p.1-694. |
| Guillaume Estrade (2014). Le complexe cénozoïque alcalin d’Ambohimirahavavy à Madagascar: origine, évolution et minéralisations en métaux rares (Doctoral dissertation, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier). |
| Henri Besaire (1971) Feuille 1. Diego-Suarez. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar. Donnot, Maurice (1963) Les complexes intrisifs alcalins d'Ampasindava volcanisme et cristallin de l'Ankaizina (Madagascar) Annales géologiques du Service des mines, 33. 81-87 Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar- Tome II - Minéralogie appliqueé lithologie. A. Challamel, Paris. p.1-694. |
| Besaire, Henri (1934) Notice explicative sur la feuille Ambanja RS-34, 35 (350) Carte Geologique de Reconnaissance a l'echelle du 200.000, Gouvernement General de Madagascar et Dependances. 1-18 Lacroix, Alfred (1923) Minéralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450. |
| Emerick, C.M., Duncan, R.A. (1982) Age progressive volcanism in the Comores Archipelago, western Indian Ocean and implications for Somali plate tectonics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 60 (3) 415-428 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(82)90077-2 Karche, J. P. (1973). Le Massif volcanique d'Ambre et les régions voisines du nord de Madagascar: Etude volcanologique et pétrologique. Univ. de Besançon, Inst. des Sciences Naturelles. Ser.3, Géologie, 19 (1), 1-173. Henri Besaire (1971) Feuille 1. Diego-Suarez. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar. Karche, J.-P. (1971) Étude pétrographique et chimique de la série volcanique de l'Anorontany et des Iles Mitsio (Nord de Madagascar) Comptes Rendus de la Semaine Géologique 1970. Comité National Malgache de Géologie p.39-45. Lacroix, Alfred (1923) Minéralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450. Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
| Bussiere, P. (1957) Le massif volcanique de l'Itasy. Travaux du Bureau Gèologique de Madagascar 83, 159-167 Lenoble, A. (1940). Études Sur la Géologie de Madagascar. III. Le massif volcanique de l'Itasy. Memoires de l'Academie Malgache, Tananarive, 32, 43-77. Lacroix, Alfred (1923) Minéralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450. Lacroix, Alfred (1912) Les volcans du center de Madagascar: le massif d’Itasy [The volcanoes of central Madagascar: the Itasy massif]. Compte Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences 154, 313-317 |
| Welter, C. (1964) Contribution a la petrographie et la genese du complexe des gneiss a nepheline du Makairingobe (ouest de Madagascar) Comptes rendus de la Semaine géologique 1964, 57-62 Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar- Tome II - Minéralogie appliqueé lithologie. A. Challamel, Paris. p.1-694. |
| Besaire, Henri (1934) Notice explicative sur la Feuille Nosy-Be RS-32,33 (330). Carte Geologique de Reconnaissance a l'echelle du 200000, Gouvernement General de Madagascar et Dependences. Lacroix, Alfred (1923) Minéralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450. |
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Malawi | |
| Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48. |
| Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 167. Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Kreuger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., and Woolley, A.R. (1995): Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Journal Afr. Earth Sci. 20, 275-288. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-W Woolley, A. R., & Jones, G. C. (1987). The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30(1), 335-355. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.16 Woolley, Alan R., Garth Platt, R. (1986) The mineralogy of nepheline syenite complexes from the northern part of the Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (358) 597-610 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.358.05 Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16). Vail, J. R., & Mallick, D. I. J. (1965). The Mongolowe Hills nepheline-syenite ring-complex, southern Malawi. Rec. geol. Surv. Malawi, 3, 49-60. Bloomfield, K. (1961). The age of the Chilwa alkaline province. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 1, 95-100. Garson, M. S. (1960). The geology of the Lake Chilwa area (No. 12). Government Printer. Stillman, C. J. (1960). The Chikala Hill syenite-complex of southern Nyasaland. South African Journal of Geology, 63(Transactions 1960), 99-118. Vail, J. R., & Monkman, L. J. (1960). A geological reconnaissance survey of the Chaone Hill ring complex, southern Nyasaland. South African Journal of Geology, 63(1), 119-135. |
| Platt, R. G., Wall, F., Williams, C. T., Woolley, A. R. (1987) Zirconolite, chevkinite and other rare earth minerals from nepheline syenites and peralkaline granites and syenites of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 51 (360) 253-263 doi:10.1180/minmag.1987.051.360.07 Platt, R. Garth, Woolley, Alan R. (1986) The mafic mineralogy of the peralkaline syenites and granites of the Mulanje complex, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (355) 85-99 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.355.12 Garson, M. S., & Walshaw, R. D. (1969). The geology of the Mlanje area. Bulletin, Geological Survey of Malawi, 21. Van der Post, L. (1957). Venture into the Interior. Penguin Books. Dixey, F. (1927). The Mlanje Mountains of Nyasaland. Geographical Review, 17(4), 611-626. doi.org/10.2307/208001 pdfs.semanticscholar.org (n.d.) https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8543/4bac56889ec26ceb38473c1e81e904df30e7.pdf |
| Dawson, J. B., Steele, I. M., Smith, J. V., & Rivers, M. L. (1996). Minor and trace element chemistry of carbonates, apatites and magnetites in some African carbonatites. Mineralogical Magazine, 60(3), 415-425. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.618.1638&rep=rep1&type=pdf Snelling, N. J. (1965). Age determinations on three African carbonatites. Nature, 205(4970), 491-491. doi.org/10.1038/205491a0 Garson, M.S. 1962. The Tundulu carbonatite ring-complex in southern Nyasaland. Memoir, Geological Survey of Nyasaland, 2. |
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Mozambique | |
| Teale, E. O., & Smith, W. C. (1923). Nepheline-bearing lavas and intrusive rocks from south of the Zambezi River, with a note on an outcrop of Karroo lavas in the Buzi valley, Portuguese East Africa. Geological Magazine, 60(5), 226-237. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800085599 |
| Young, R. B. (1920). The rocks of a portion of Portuguese East Africa. South African Journal of Geology, 23(Transactions 1920), 98-113. |
| Teale, E. O., & Smith, W. C. (1923). Nepheline-bearing lavas and intrusive rocks from south of the Zambezi River, with a note on an outcrop of Karroo lavas in the Buzi valley, Portuguese East Africa. Geological Magazine, 60(5), 226-237. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800085599 |
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Tanzania | |
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Uganda | |
| Sutherland, D.S. (1969). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
| Sutherland, D.S. (1969). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
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