	Peltonen, P., Kontinen, A., Huhma, H., Kuronen, U. (2008) Outokumpu revisited: New mineral deposit model for the mantle peridotite-associated Cu–Co–Zn–Ni–Ag–Au sulphide deposits. Ore Geology Reviews, 33 (3) 559-617 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2007.07.002	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Geological Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 96, FI-02151, Espoo, Finland Geological Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 1237...FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland c Polar Mining Oy, P.O. Box 15, FI-83501, Outokumpu, Finland Received 31 October...Palaeoproterozoic Jormua–Outokumpu thrust belt in eastern Finland enclose m- to km-scale ultramafic massifs that...isotopes; North Karelia; Finland 1. Introduction The Outokumpu mining district in eastern Finland is well...three major deposits (Outokumpu, Vuonos and Luikonlahti) with a total production of ∼50 Mt ore averaging
	Young, Seth A., Loukola-Ruskeeniemi, Kirsti, Pratt, Lisa M. (2013) Reactions of hydrothermal solutions with organic matter in Paleoproterozoic black shales at Talvivaara, Finland: Evidence from multiple sulfur isotopes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 367. 1-14 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.02.004	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	in Paleoproterozoic black shales at Talvivaara, Finland: Evidence from multiple sulfur isotopes Seth A...47405, USA Geological Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 96, FI-02151 Espoo, Finland a r t i c l e i n f o abstract...eastern Finland. Previous d34S of studies of the Talvivaara and Outokumpu deposits of eastern Finland focused...mass-anomalous fractionations black shale Paleoproterozoic Finland 1. Introduction Major changes in Earth’s atmosphere...Talvivaara and Outokumpu sulﬁde deposits of eastern Finland have focused on single grain analyses of sulﬁdes
	*Kahma, Aarno (1973) The main metallogenic features of Finland. Second printing 1979. Bulletin de la Commission Géologique de Finlande* Vol. 265. Geological Survey of Finland**	Journal (volume)
	Geological Survey of Finland Bulletin 265 The main metallogenie features of Finland By Aarno Kahma Geologinen...1973 Second printing 1979 Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 265 THE MAI N METALLOGENIC FEATURES... Kahma, A. 1973. The main mctallogenic features of Finland. Ge%gica/Survey oj Fin/and, Bulletin 265. 29 pages...in the Early and Middle Precambrian bedrock of Finland are outlined in the text. Information on other...Other copper ores 12 The sulphide ores of southern Finland and the Main Sulphide Ore Belt compared 13 The
	*Peltola, E. (1978) Origin of Precambrian copper sulfides of the Outokumpu District, Finland. Economic Geology, 73 (4) 461-477 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.73.4.461*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Precambrian CopperSulfides of the OutokumpuDistrict,Finland ESKO PELTOLA Abstract The Outokumpuregion is...Outokumpufield in North Karelia is the most important Precambrian sulfide district in Finland. The history...Outokumpu district is situated in eastern Finland, at approximately63ø north (Fig. 1). The rocks of the Outokumpu...Tilton, 1966). Karelian formations in eastern Finland are separatedby a marked unconformityfrom the...Geologic Events in the Precambrian of Eastern Finland Karelidlc Orogeny Epicontinental formation General
	*Vähätalo, Veikko O. (1953) On the geology of the Outokumpu ore deposit in Finland. Bulletin de la Commission Géologique de Finlande* Vol. 164. Geological Survey of Finland**	Journal (volume)
	ON THE GEOlOGY OF THE OUTOKUMPU ORE DEPOSIT IN FINlAND BY VEIKKO O. VÄHÄTALO WITH 9 FIGURES AND 13 TABLES...ON THE GEOLOGY OF THE OUTOKUMPU ORE DEPOSIT IN FINLAND BY VEIKKO O . VÄHÄT ALO WITH 9 FIGURES AND 13...employed as a mining geologist at the Outokumpu mine. The evaluation and organization of the material...final stages. To my co-workers at the Outokumpu mine I offer a hearty handshake for their loyal support...Outokumpu is situated in eastern Finland, in the proYince of North Karelia, approximately 70 km east-southeast
	Loukola-Ruskeeniemi, Kirsti, Lahtinen, Hannu (2013) Multiphase evolution in the black-shale-hosted Ni–Cu–Zn–Co deposit at Talvivaara, Finland. Ore Geology Reviews, 52. 85-99 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2012.10.006	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Talvivaara, Finland Kirsti Loukola-Ruskeeniemi a,⁎, Hannu Lahtinen b a b Geological Survey of Finland, P.O...FI-02151 Espoo, Finland Talvivaara Exploration Ltd., Talvivaarantie 66, FI-88120 Tuhkakylä, Finland a r t i...Sulphide deposit Sulphur isotope values Talvivaara Finland a b s t r a c t The Talvivaara deposit contains...rocks occur along the rift-related sequence to the north and south of Talvivaara. Characteristic features...when it reaches full production. In addition, the mine will produce Zn, Cu and Co as by-products of the
	*Eilu, P., Sorjonen-Ward, P., Nurmi, P., Niiranen, T. (2003) A Review of Gold Mineralization Styles in Finland. Economic Geology, 98 (7) 1329-1353 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.98.7.1329*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Styles in Finland PASI EILU,†,* Department of Geology, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland PETER...Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 1237, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland PEKKA NURMI, Geological Survey of Finland, P.O...O. Box 96, FIN-02151 Espoo, Finland AND TERO NIIRANEN Department of Geology, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014...Helsinki, Finland Abstract A wide range of styles of gold mineralization has been recognized in Finland, including...during distinct episodes of crustal evolution in Finland. Several late-Archean greenstone belts in the Karelian
	Loukola-Ruskeeniemi, Kirsti, Heino, Timo (1996) Geochemistry and genesis of the black shale-hosted Ni-Cu-Zn deposit at Talvivaara, Finland. Economic Geology, 91 (1) 80-110 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.91.1.80	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Talvivaara, Finland KIRSTI LOUKOLA-RUSKEENIEMI Geological Surveyof Finland,FIN-02150Espoo,Finland AND TIMO... HEINO Geological Surveyof Finland,P.O.Box1237,FIN-70701Kuopio, Finland Abstract The Talvivaara depositis... BLACKSHALE-HOSTED Ni-Cu-ZnDEPOSIT,TALVIVAARA, FINLAND Introduction 81 mainsubtypes: (1)lowNi-Mn(Ni...geochemical studyonEarlyProterozoic blackschists in Finland, sampledand analyzedin the sameway (Loukola-Ruskeeniemi...depleted Outokumpu Cu-Co-Zn-Au deposits, aswell Finland revealed that Ni is fairly evenly distributed throughas
	*Maier, Wolfgang D., Lahtinen, Raimo, O'Brien, Hugh - Eds.* (2015) Mineral Deposits of Finland. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/c2012-0-02750-0**	Book
	Mineral Deposits of Finland Edited by Wolfgang D. Maier Raimo Lahtinen Hugh O’Brien AMSTERDAM • BOSTON...Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Finland I. Haapala University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland T. Halkoaho...Geological Survey of Finland, Kuopio, Finland E. Hanski Oulu Mining School, Oulu, Finland A. Hartikainen Geological...Geological Survey of Finland, Kuopio, Finland C. Hartshorne AngloAmerican Exploration, London, UK T....Mawson Resources, Finland E. Heilimo Geological Survey of Finland, Kuopio, Finland P. Heino Yara Suomi
	*Lehtinen, M., Nurmi, P. A., Rämö, O. T. - Eds.* (2005) Precambrian Geology of Finland - Key to the Evolution of the Fennoscandian Shield. Elsevier.**	Book
	Precambrian Geology, 14 PRECAMBRIAN GEOLOGY OF FINLAND KEY TO THE EVOLUTION OF THE FENNOSCANDIAN SHIELD...Precambrian Geology, 14 PRECAMBRIAN GEOLOGY OF FINLAND KEY TO THE EVOLUTION OF THE FENNOSCANDIAN SHIELD...University of Helsinki, Finland P.A. NURMI Geological Survey of Finland Espoo, Finland .. .. O.T. RAMO University...University of Helsinki, Finland ELSEVIER Amsterdam – Boston – Heidelberg – London – New York – Oxford...Introduction to the Archean of Finland .....22 1.1. The extent of the Archean in Finland .....................
	*(2007) Richard Tayler Minerals Catalogue* 104. Richard Tayler Minerals**	Catalog/List
	----·-·- ---- ·- -- 1129 ALMANDINE Brastad iron Mine near Arendal ,Norway 87 ■ BERYL Evje area . South... . --- .. ------- - -· 1009 ANDALUSITE Ultevis,North Sweden 1099 CATAPLEIITE Bratthagcn, near Larvik...near Larvik, Norway 696 CHROME DIOPSIDE Outokumpu Finland Pure black mica plate pure Chrome-green cleavage...Ula, near Larvik, South Norway 129 CHROMITE Kemi Finland Feldspar group pure pale brown cleavages. Rich...---·-··----·------ ·- - ---27 ANTHOPHYLLITE Kaveltorp Mine Sweden 1008 CHRYSOBERYL Kolsva. Vastmanland Sweden
	*(2006) Richard Tayler Minerals Catalogue* 99. Richard Tayler Minerals**	Catalog/List
	£10 2x2 £15 Ix! £3 lx2 £6 I · 88 ADAMITE Ojuela Mine, Mapimi, Mexico Colourless to yellow small crystals...£10 2x3 £15 Na Ca SiO F 7fJ 7 ■ AJOITE Christmas Mine, Gila County, Arizona USA Blue veinlets in matrix...5cm £4 no/2 feldspar 37 ANCYLITE Ce Dark Star Mine,Ravalli County, Montana U.S.A Rich pinkish fine...£7.50 Ag Sb 501 ALLOPHANE New East Wheal Russell mine, Devon ,England grey bleby small botryoidal with... lx2 £3 2x2 £6 2x3 £10 1009 ANDALUSITE Ultevis,North Sweden variety VIRIDINE (Mangan rich variety) Olive
	*(2005, April) Richard Tayler Minerals Catalogue* 96. Richard Tayler Minerals**	Catalog/List
	South Larvik near CITE 13ratthagcn, ANAL 1098 Ojucla Mine, Mapimi, Mexico ADAMITE 88 Unusual rich yellow vitreous...cleavage Ti0/2 Mn S 1.5cm£4 5mm£2 ANATASE Virtuous Lady mine,Devon 26 ALBITE Kragcro Norway 6 single dark blue...mass Cc Ca Y Al Fe SiO 2x2 £12 lx2 £6 Dark Star Mine,Ravalli County, Montana U,S_A ANCYLITE Cc Rich pinkish...ANDALUSITE Ultcvis,Norlh Sweden ALLANITE Ce Dastnas Mine Sweden J 009 variety VTR.IDCNE (Mangan rich variety)...Brittany, France ALLOPllANE New East Whcal Russell mine, Devon ,England 52 501 Rich pinkish mass in dark
	*Tanskanen, Heikki (ed.) (1986) The development of geological sciences in Finland. Bulletin de la Commission Géologique de Finlande* Vol. 336. Geological Survey of Finland**	Journal (volume)
	Geological Survey of Finland Bulletin 336 The development of geological sciences in Finland Edited by Heikki... Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 336 THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES IN FINLAND Edited by HEIKKI...Mineral exploration and geologieal surveys in Finland before 1886 ... ... ............. . .. .. . . ...Preeambrian in Finland .... Maunu Härme: The hi story of petrologie study in Finland ....... . ........ Kai Hytönen: The hi story of mineralogy in Finland 1918- 1984 . . ... ... Kalevi Virkkala: History of
	*(2006) Richard Tayler Minerals Catalogue* 100. Richard Tayler Minerals**	Catalog/List
	___ 2x2£3 ___ - -----~ - ~014_ _ 88 ADAMITE Ojuela Mine, Mapimi, Mexico 69 ALUMOHYDROCALCITE South Bay,...- - --··---- - - - - - · . 767 AJOITE Christmas Mine, Gila County, Arizona USA 17 ANAL CITE Talisker...1009 ANDALUSITE Ultevis,North Sweden 501 ALLOPHANE New East Whcal Russell mine, Devon ,England variety...217 ANDORITE San Jose Mine, Oruro, Bolivia 1129 ■ ALMANDINE Brnstad iron Mine near Arendnl ,Norway Pure...Bcnallt Minc,Llcyn. Wales 1036 ALSTONITE Fnllowlielcl Mine, Northumberland White masses in malrix wilh micro
	*(2006) Richard Tayler Minerals Catalogue* 101. Richard Tayler Minerals**	Catalog/List
	massive with minor Celsian and Bementite from Benallt Mine, Lleyn, Wales, (Recently tested by XRD) lxl £4 lx2...£15 £6 88 ADAMITE Ojuela Mine, Mapimi, Mexico 1036 ALSTONITE Fallowfield Mine, Northumberland Colourless...x2 £ 1.50 2x2 £3 Al SO/4 767 ■ AJOITE Christmas Mine, Gila County, Arizona USA 14 ALUMINITE Railway cutting...~-------·-·-- ·· -·· 1077 ■■ ALLOPHANE Hawkswood Mine, Cornwall 933 ANATASE Hingston Quarry,Cornwall Black...Kola Russia 501 ALLOPHANE New East Wheal Russell mine, Devon ,England grey bleby small botryoidal with
	*Ridge, John Drew (1984) Annotated Bibliographies of Mineral Deposits in Europe* Vol. 1 - Northern Europe including examples from the USSR in both Europe and Asia. Pergamon Press, Oxford.**	Book (volume)
	explain the ideas of those who have worked on it (and mine, where they differ from those readily available...similarities to any of the other three, are arranged from north to south. For Sweden, a general summary of the metallogeny...Swedish metallic ore deposits, Smalands Taberg. In Finland, a brief description of the ore geology is given...Scotland 3 7 1 Wales Norway Sweden 1 7 17 Finland Poland USSR 12 2 30. These 80 do not include...(N54°17'N, 8 ° 3 7 ' W ) ] , and Benbulben [about 10 km north of S l i g o ] . In the late 1950s, however, the
	*Laitakari, Aarne (1967) Suomen mineraalien hakemisto. Index of Finnish minerals; with bibliography. Bulletin de la Commission Géologique de Finlande* Vol. 230. Geological Survey of Finland**	Journal (volume)
	»Anvisning pa malm och bergarter uti storfurstendömet Finland», osat I ja II, ilmestyivät vuosina 1824 ja 1825...mineraaleista teoksessaan »Beskrifning öfver de i Finland fun na mineralien>, jonka ensimmäinen painos ilmestyi...our knowledge of the geology and the minerals of Finland has increased tremendously, but the data collected...the need for an index of minerals occurring in Finland and for some source of information on the works...from my post as head of the Geological Survey of Finland, I began to compile a reference work designed to
	Makkonen, Hannu V., Halkoaho, Tapio, Konnunaho, Jukka, Rasilainen, Kalevi, Kontinen, Asko, Eilu, Pasi (2017) Ni-(Cu-PGE) deposits in Finland – Geology and exploration potential. Ore Geology Reviews, 90. 667-696 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.06.008	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Accepted Manuscript Ni-(Cu-PGE) deposits in Finland – geology and exploration potential Hannu V. Makkonen... A. Kontinen, P. Eilu, Ni(Cu-PGE) deposits in Finland – geology and exploration potential, Ore Geology...journal pertain. Title: Ni-(Cu-PGE) deposits in Finland – geology and exploration potential Authors: Hannu...Makkonen, Geological Survey of Finland Tapio Halkoaho, Geological Survey of Finland Jukka Konnunaho, Geological...Geological Survey of Finland Kalevi Rasilainen, Geological Survey of Finland Asko Kontinen, Geological Survey
	*Bernard, Jan, Hyršl, Jaroslav (2004) Minerals and their Localities* (1st ed.) Granit, Prague.**	Book (edition)
	Linopolis, Brazil, H Page 13: Gold, 35 mm.Eagle's est Mine, California, G Publi!>hed by Grdllit.u.o. Stefanikova43...localities of magmatic origin (in the sequence North and South America and Greenland, then Europe, Asia...those of pegmatitic origin in the same sequence: North and South America and Greenland, then Europe, etc...Rice, Dolores co., both Colorado, at the Questa mine, Taos co., New 1994. Abernathyite K2[(UOJ 2l(AsO_J2]•6HzO...Harding Co .. South Dakota. and at the Fuemrole No2 mine, Emery co .. Utah. Also at Menzenschwand Scbwarzwald
	Papunen, H., Gorbunov, G. I. (eds.) (1985) Nickel-copper deposits of the Baltic Shield and Scandinavian Caledonides. Bulletin de la Commission Géologique de Finlande Vol. 333. Geological Survey of Finland	Journal (volume)
	Geological Survey of Finland Bulletin 333 Nickel-copper deposits of the Baltic Shield and Scandinavian...tutkimuskeskus Espoo 1985 Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 333 NICKEL-COPPER DEPOSITS OF THE BALTIC...Scandinavian Caledonides. Geological Survey 01 Finland, Bulletin 333.394 pages, 165 figures, 70 tables...USSR, the Svecokarelian nickel bells in cemral Finland, the Västerbollen nickel prcvince in Sweden, the...Haltic Shield, Ca ledon ides, Precambrian, USSR, Finland, Sweden, Norway REFERENCES: General reference:
	*Gaines, Richard V., Skinner, H. Catherine W., Foord, Eugene E., Mason, Brian, Rosenzweig, Abraham, King, Vandall T. (1997) Dana's New Mineralogy* (8th ed.) Wiley-Interscience. p.1872**	Book (edition)
	Republic. Seppo Lahti: Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Finland. Joseph Lhoest: Liege, Belgium. John C...Identification of Ore Minerals, 2nd ed., Elsevier-North Holland, New York, 1971. The word “opaque” may also...Asia 12. Middle East 13. African Countries, from north to south 14. Oceania 15. Australia 16. Antarctica...Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania...Denmark Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Bulletin of the Institute of Geology, Sofia Bulletin
	*(2017) Critical mineral resources of the United States—Economic and environmental geology and prospects for future supply. Professional Paper* 1802. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/pp1802**	Report (issue)
	.B3 Graph showing dates associated with all the mine sites on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s...production, U.S. apparent consumption, and U.S. mine production of antimony from 1900 to 2012............................F2 Graph showing world cobalt mine and refinery production and apparent consumption.....................F2 Graph showing world cobalt mine production from 1950 to 2011......................F4. Pie chart showing percentage of world cobalt mine production in 2011, by country.................

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Stannite from Luikonlahti Mine, Kaavi, North Savo, Finland

Stannite from
Luikonlahti Mine, Kaavi, North Savo, Finland