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Trigona

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Description

Trigona is the largest genus of stingless bees, comprising over 80 species exclusively occurring in the New World, and formerly including many more subgenera than the present assemblage; many of these former subgenera have been elevated to generic status.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigona, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	1345500	https://www.gbif.org/species/1345500
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	152551	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=152551

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apidae : Trigona

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apidae : Trigona

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

doubtful

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Holometabola
order	Hymenoptera	Linnaeus 1758
-	Unicalcarida	Schulmeister et al. 2002
suborder	Vespina
suborder	Apocrita	Gerstaecker 1867
-	Aculeata
superfamily	Apoidea	Latreille 1802
-	Anthophila	Latreille 1804
family	Apidae	Latreille 1802
subfamily	Apinae	Latreille 1802
-	Apiti	Latreille 1802
-	Corbiculata	Shuckard 1866
tribe	Meliponini	Lepeletier 1836
genus	Trigona	Sakagami & Moure 1975

Scientific Name

Trigona Sakagami & Moure, 1975

Name Published In

in Sakagami, .

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Trigona	genus	belongs to Meliponinae	stated with evidence	Cockerell, 1908
Trigona	genus	belongs to Meliponini	stated with evidence	Zeuner and Manning, 1976
Trigona	genus	belongs to Apidae	stated without evidence	Carpenter, 1992

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

7 (44%)

First Recorded Appearance

38.0 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

F. M. Carpenter. 1992. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4:1-655

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigona

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Trigona (Hypotrigona) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	2	38.0 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Trigona (Kelneriapis) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)
Trigona (Liotrigona) subgenus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Trigona (Roussyana) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)	1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Trigona (Tetragona) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	1	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Trigona (Trigona) subgenus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Trigona sicula ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1807	Trigona Jurine p. 245
1908	Trigona Cockerell p. 327
1976	Trigona Zeuner and Manning p. 216
1978	Trigona Sakagami p. 165
1992	Trigona Carpenter

References

Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655

Cockerell T. D. A. (1908) Descriptions and records of bees. XX, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Eighth Series 2, 323-334

Zeuner F. E., Manning F. J. (1976) A Monograph on Fossil Bees: Apoidea, Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology) 27 3, 151-264

Sakagami S. F. (1978) Tetragonula stingless bees of the continental Asia and Sri Lanka (Hymenoptera, Apidae), Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Series VI, Zoology 21, 165-247

NZ cross ref or inferred from publ. title - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus (authority adjusted) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

in Sakagami, . - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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