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Retispira ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4606878	https://www.gbif.org/species/4606878
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	8372	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=8372

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae : Retispira

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontida : Bellerophontidae : Retispira

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Gastropoda	Cuvier 1797
order	Bellerophontida	Ulrich and Scofield 1897
suborder	Bellerophontina	Ulrich and Scofield 1897
superfamily	Bellerophontoidea
family	Bellerophontidae	M'Coy 1851
subfamily	Knightitinae	Knight 1956
genus	Retispira	Knight 1945

Scientific Name

Retispira Knight, 1945

Name Published In

J. Paleont., 19

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Retispira	subgenus	belongs to Bucanopsis	stated without evidence	Elias, 1958
Retispira	subgenus	belongs to Knightites	stated with evidence	Knight et al., 1960
Retispira	genus	belongs to Knightitinae	stated with evidence	Frýda, 2000
Retispira	genus	belongs to Bellerophontida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Retispira	genus	belongs to Bellerophontidae	stated without evidence	Mazaev, 2015
Retispira	genus	belongs to Knightitinae	stated with evidence	Nützel and Ketwetsuriya, 2016

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

411 - 408 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian

Last Recorded Appearance

235 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Motility

slow-moving (based on Bellerophontidae)

Vision

limited (based on Gastropoda)

Diet

detritivore (based on Bellerophontidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite, low Mg calcite (based on Bellerophontida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. B. Knight. 1945. Some new genera of the Bellerophontacea. Journal of Paleontology 19:333-340

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Bellerophon asiaticus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bellerophon bilabiatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Bellerophon bittneri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bellerophon decussatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		46	336 Ma Carboniferous	296 Ma Permian
Bellerophon elegans ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	388 Ma Middle Devonian	326 Ma Carboniferous
Bellerophon keynianus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bellerophon leda ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		48	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Bellerophon lyelli ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		18	279 Ma Permian	265 Ma Permian
Bellerophon marcouianus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bellerophon meekianus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	315 Ma Carboniferous	314 Ma Carboniferous
Bellerophon monroensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	339 Ma Carboniferous	339 Ma Carboniferous
Bellerophon nodocostatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bellerophon otsego ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	388 Ma Middle Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Bellerophon perelegans ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Bellerophon repertus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	388 Ma Middle Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Bellerophon textiliformis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	306 Ma Carboniferous	272 Ma Permian
Bellerophon textilis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	345 Ma Carboniferous	345 Ma Carboniferous
Bellerophon tumidus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Bellerophon warthi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucania angustifasciata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucania devonica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Bucania emerii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucania exilis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	326 Ma Carboniferous
Bucania integra species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucania kattaensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucania makatikhae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucania ornatissima species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucania rumpfi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucania subtilistriata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucaniopsis boltoni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucaniopsis concinnus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucaniopsis hibernicus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucanopsis deflectus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Bucanopsis modesta ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		18	279 Ma Permian	260 Ma Permian
Bucanopsis multiscalpta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucanopsis ornatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	339 Ma Carboniferous	339 Ma Carboniferous
Bucanopsis reticulata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bucanopsis reticulatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Bucanopsis retifera ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Bucanopsis solignaci ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	269 Ma Permian	265 Ma Permian
Bucanopsis sullivani ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Bucanopsis waverliensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	354 Ma Carboniferous	354 Ma Carboniferous
Euphemites guizhouensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Knightites (Retispira) hanzawai ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Knightites (Retispira) striata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	336 Ma Carboniferous	336 Ma Carboniferous
Knightites (Retispira) warthi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	296 Ma Permian	296 Ma Permian
Knightites culleni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Knightites fascireticulatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Knightites fragilis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	279 Ma Permian	272 Ma Permian
Knightites hanzawai species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Knightites nodulifera ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	314 Ma Carboniferous	314 Ma Carboniferous
Knightites texana ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	272 Ma Permian	272 Ma Permian
Retispira albapinensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira angustifasciata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	260 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira asiatica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	252 Ma Permian	252 Ma Permian
Retispira bellireticulata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	318 Ma Carboniferous	315 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira bimorpha ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Retispira bittneri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	252 Ma Permian	252 Ma Permian
Retispira boltoni ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	318 Ma Carboniferous	318 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira carinatus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Retispira chenmazijingensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira chernyshevi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	272 Ma Permian	272 Ma Permian
Retispira christinae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	383 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	383 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Retispira cincta ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	339 Ma Carboniferous	331 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira clarkei ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	296 Ma Permian	296 Ma Permian
Retispira concinna ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	318 Ma Carboniferous	318 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira elevata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	388 Ma Middle Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Retispira emerii ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	272 Ma Permian	272 Ma Permian
Retispira espinasa ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	304 Ma Carboniferous	303 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira fascireticulatus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	318 Ma Carboniferous	314 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira guizhouensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	252 Ma Permian	252 Ma Permian
Retispira hibernicus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira hohenlimburgensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	388 Ma Middle Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Retispira integra ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira irwinensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	296 Ma Permian	296 Ma Permian
Retispira jensenensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Retispira kattaensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	272 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira keyniana ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	347 Ma Carboniferous	336 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira keynianus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Retispira makatikhae ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	315 Ma Carboniferous	315 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira marcouianus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	306 Ma Carboniferous	303 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira matanensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira mowensis ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	318 Ma Carboniferous	318 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira multicancellata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira multilirata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Retispira multiscalpta ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	323 Ma Carboniferous	323 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira ningxiaensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira nodocostata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	306 Ma Carboniferous	306 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira nolani ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira ordinata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	331 Ma Carboniferous	331 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira ornatissima ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira patagoniensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Retispira puchenpraensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira qingshuiheensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Retispira qingshuihensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira reticulata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	331 Ma Carboniferous	331 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira rumpfi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	237 Ma Middle Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Retispira schwelmensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	388 Ma Middle Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Retispira sinensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira stenopsis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Retispira strictocanalicula ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	260 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira strictura ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Retispira subtilistriata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	315 Ma Carboniferous	315 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira tasselli ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	388 Ma Middle Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Retispira temnonema ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	279 Ma Permian	279 Ma Permian
Bellerophon tenuilineata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		28	326 Ma Carboniferous	299 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira tenuilirata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	299 Ma Carboniferous	299 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira triangularis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Retispira undata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		9	336 Ma Carboniferous	318 Ma Carboniferous
Retispira undulata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	272 Ma Permian	272 Ma Permian
Retispira warthi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Retispira waterkeyniana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Retispira yochelsoni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	331 Ma Carboniferous	331 Ma Carboniferous

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Bellerophon kansasensis (Shumard, 1858)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae : *Bellerophon kansasensis*
Knightites kansasensis (Shumard, 1858)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae : *Knightites kansasensis*
Retispira kansasensis (Shumard, 1858)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae : *Retispira kansasensis*
Bucanopsis kansasensis (Shumard, 1858)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae : *Bucanopsis kansasensis*
Patellostium kansasensis (Shumard, 1858)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae : *Patellostium kansasensis*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1858	Bellerophon kansasensis Shumard p. 204
1897	Bucanopsis kansasensis Ulrich and Scofield p. 854
1899	Patellostium kansasensis Girty p. 589
1914	Bucanopsis kansasensis Price p. 534
1929	Bucanopsis kansasensis Weller p. 319
1945	Retispira Knight p. 335
1958	Bucanopsis (Retispira) Elias p. 3

Year	Name and Author
1960	Knightites (Retispira) Knight et al. p. 184 fig. 103.5
1960	Knightites (Retispira) kansasensis Yochelson p. 226
2000	Retispira Frýda p. 359
2002	Retispira Sepkoski, Jr.
2015	Retispira Mazaev p. 879
2016	Retispira Nützel and Ketwetsuriya p. 490

References

Knight J. B. (1945) Some new genera of the Bellerophontacea, Journal of Paleontology 19, 333-340

Shumard B. F. Notice of new fossils from the Permian strata of New Mexico and Texas, collected by Dr. George G. Shumard, geologist of the United States Government expedition for obtaining water by means of artesian wells along the 32nd parallel, under the direction of Capt John Pope, US Corps Topographic Engineers, Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 1, 290-297

Ulrich E. O., Scofield W. H. The Lower Silurian Gastropoda of Minnesota, The Paleontology of Minnesota 39 2, 813-1081

Girty G. H. Devonian and Carboniferous fossils of the Yellowstone National Park, United States Geological Survey Monographs 32 2, 479-599

Elias M. K. (1958) Late Mississippian fauna of the Redoak Hollow Formation of southern Oklahoma. Part IV. Gastropoda, scaphopoda, cephalopoda, thoracica, and problematica, Journal of Paleontology 32 1, 1-57

Knight J. B., Cox L. R., et al (1960) Systematic descriptions, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Mollusca I 1, 169-339

Yochelson E. L. (1960) Permian Gastropoda of the southwestern United States. 3. Bellerophontacea and Patellacea, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 119 4, 208-293

Frýda J. (2000) Some new Givetian (Late Middle Devonian) gastropods from the Paffrath area (Bergisches Land, Germany), Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 45 2, 359-374

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Mazaev A. V. (2015) Upper Kazanian (Middle Permian) gastropods of the Volga–Urals Region, Paleontological Journal 49 8, 869-986 doi:10.1134/S0031030115080018

Nützel A., Ketwetsuriya C. (2016) Systematic palaeontology, in Permian gastropods from the Tak Fa Limestone, Nakhon Sawan, northern Thailand, Bulletin of Geosciences 91, 481-513

GBIF/Paleo Database - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

J. Paleont., 19 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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