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Protereisma ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4683775	https://www.gbif.org/species/4683775
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	176680	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=176680

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : Protereisma

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protereismatidae : Protereisma

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
infraclass	Hydropalaeoptera	Rohdendorf 1969
-	Euhydropalaeoptera	Sroka et al. 2014
-	Panephemeroptera	Crampton 1928
-	Ephemerida
-	Permoplectoptera
family	Protereismatidae	Handlirsch 1919
genus	Protereisma	Sellards 1907

Scientific Name

Protereisma Sellards, 1907

Name Published In

Amer. J. Sci., (4) 23

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Protereisma	genus	belongs to Protereismidae	stated with evidence	Handlirsch, 1919
Protereisma	genus	belongs to Protereismatidae	stated with evidence	Carpenter, 1933

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

290 - 279 Ma
Permian

Last Recorded Appearance

260 - 254 Ma
Permian

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

E. H. Sellards. 1907. Types of Permian insects, Part II - Plectoptera. American Journal of Science, Series 4 23(137):345-355

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Bantiska elongata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Loxophlebia apicalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Protereisma apicalis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	272 Ma Permian	272 Ma Permian
Protereisma arcuatum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		5	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Protereisma elongatum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Protereisma insigne ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Protereisma latum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Protereisma permianum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Protereisma rossenrayensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	260 Ma Permian	260 Ma Permian
Protereisma sellardsi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Protereisma uralicum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	279 Ma Permian	279 Ma Permian
Rekter arcuatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Recter Sellards, 1909	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Recter*
Pinctodia curta Sellards, 1907	GBIF	species	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : Protereisma : *Pinctodia curta*
Bantiska Sellards, 1907	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Bantiska*
Esca Sellards, 1909	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Esca*
Mecus Sellards, 1909	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Mecus*
Scopus Sellards, 1907	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Scopus*
Prodromites Cockerell, 1924	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Prodromites*
Rekter extensus (Sellards, 1907)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : Protereisma : *Rekter extensus*
Pinctodia Sellards, 1907	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Pinctodia*
Protechma Sellards, 1907	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Protechma*
Prodromus Sellards, 1907	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Prodromus*
Rekter Sellards, 1907	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Rekter*
Loxophlebia Martynov, 1928	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : *Loxophlebia*
Recter extensus (Sellards, 1907)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Protereismatidae : Protereisma : *Recter extensus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1907	Protereisma Sellards p. 347
1907	Bantiska Sellards p. 349
1907	Prodromus Sellards p. 349
1907	Protechma Sellards p. 349
1907	Rekter Sellards p. 349
1907	Rekter extensus Sellards p. 351 fig. 5
1907	Pinctodia Sellards p. 352
1907	Pinctodia curta Sellards p. 352 fig. 11
1907	Scopus Sellards p. 352
1907	Therates Sellards p. 354
1909	Esca Sellards p. 151
1909	Mecus Sellards p. 151
1919	Protechma Handlirsch p. 573
1919	Protereisma Handlirsch p. 573
1919	Bantiska Handlirsch p. 574
1919	Esca Handlirsch p. 574
1919	Mecus Handlirsch p. 574
1919	Pinctodia Handlirsch p. 574
1919	Prodromus Handlirsch p. 574

Year	Name and Author
1919	Recter Handlirsch p. 574
1922	Bantiska Handlirsch p. 60
1922	Prodromus Handlirsch p. 60
1922	Protechma Handlirsch p. 60
1922	Protereisma Handlirsch p. 60
1922	Recter Handlirsch p. 60
1922	Recter extensus Handlirsch p. 60
1922	Esca Handlirsch p. 61
1922	Mecus Handlirsch p. 61
1922	Pinctodia Handlirsch p. 61
1922	Pinctodia curta Handlirsch p. 61
1928	Loxophlebia Martynov p. 8
1933	Protereisma Carpenter
1946	Protereisma Zalessky p. 351
1962	Protereisma Zimmerman p. 1327
1979	Protereisma Carpenter p. 264
1992	Protereisma Carpenter
2007	Protereisma Willmann p. 115

References

Sellards E. H. (1907) Types of Permian insects, Part II - Plectoptera, American Journal of Science, Series 4 23 137, 345-355

Sellards E. H. (1909) Types of Permian Insects, Part III: Megasecoptera, Orycloblattinidae and Protorthoptera, American Journal of Science 27, 151-173

Handlirsch A. (1919) Revision der Paläozoischen Insekten, Denkschriften der Akademie Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 96, 511-592

Handlirsch A. (1922) Insecta Palaeozoica, Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia 16, 1-230

Martynov A. V. (1928) Permian fossil Insects of North-East Europe, Travaux du Musée Géologique prés l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS 4, 1-118

Carpenter F. M. (1933) The Lower Permian Insects of Kansas. Part 6: Delopteridae, Protelytroptera, Plectoptera and a New Collection of Protodonata, Odonata, Megasecoptera, Homoptera and Psocoptera, Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 68 11, 411-505

Zalessky G. M. (1946) A new mayfly from the Permian deposits of the Urals, Comptes Rendus (Doklady) de l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS 54, 351-352

Zimmerman J. R. (1962) Taxonomic names, in The Asthenohymen-Delopterum Bed: A New Leonardian Insect Horizon in the Wellington of Kansas and Oklahoma, Journal of Paleontology 36, 1319-1333

Carpenter F. M. (1979) Lower Permian insects from Oklahoma part 2. Orders Ephemeroptera and Palaeodictyoptera, Psyche 86, 261-290

Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655

Willmann R. (2007) Die Stammgruppenvertreter der Ephemeroptera und ihre systematische Stellung (Insecta), Species, Phylogeny and Evolution 1, 109-128

Hallan, J. (2000-current). Biology Catalog. Web compilation accessible at http://bug.tamu.edu/research/collection/hallan/ (accessed June 2012). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Amer. J. Sci., (4) 23 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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