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Tyrannidae
| Description | The tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae) are a family of passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They are considered the largest family of birds, with more than 400 species. They are the most diverse avian family in every country in the Americas, except for the United States and Canada. As could be expected from a family this large, the members vary greatly in shape, patterns, size and colors. Some tyrant flycatchers superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers which they are named after but are not related to. They are members of suborder Tyranni (suboscines), which do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of most other songbirds. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrannidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | family | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Tyrannidae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Common Name | tyrant flycatcher | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific Name | Tyrannidae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 30 (100%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 0.30 - 0.01 Ma Pleistocene | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | terrestrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | actively mobile (based on Theropoda) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | insectivore, frugivore | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reproduction | oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ontogeny | accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | B. C. Livezey and R. L. Zusi. 2007. Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149(1):1-95 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name(s) | Tyrant Flycatchers, Tirannen, Tyrans Gobe-mouches | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrannidae |
External Images
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriornis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Alectrurus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Anairetes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Aphanotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Arundinicola genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 0.13 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Atalotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Attila genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Camptostoma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Capsiempis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Casiornis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cnemarchus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cnemotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cnipodectes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Colonia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Colopteryx genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Colorhamphus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Conopias genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Contopus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Pewee | 4 | 0.13 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| Coryphotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Corythopis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Culicivora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Deltarhynchus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Elaenia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Empidochanes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Empidonax genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Flycatcher | 1 | 0.13 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| Empidonomus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Euscarthmus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Fluvicola genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Gubernetes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Hemitriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Heteroxolmis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Hirundinea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Hymenops genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Inezia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Knipolegus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Laphyctes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lathrotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Legatus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Leptopogon genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lessonia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lophotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Machetornis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Mecocerculus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Megarynchus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Mionectes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Mitrephanes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Muscigralla genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Muscipipra genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Muscisaxicola genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Myiarchus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 0.13 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Myiobius genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Myiodynastes genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 0.01 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Myiopagis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Myiophobus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Myiornis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Myiotheretes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Myiotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Myiozetetes genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 0.13 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Neopipo genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Neoxolmis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Nesotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ochthoeca genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ochthornis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Oncostoma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Onychorhynchus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ornismya genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ornithion genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Phaeomyias genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Phelpsia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Phyllomyias genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Phylloscartes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pitangus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 0.13 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Platyrinchus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Poecilotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pogonotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Polioxolmis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Polystictus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pseudelaenia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pseudocolopteryx genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pseudotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pyrocephalus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 0.01 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Pyrrhomyias genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ramphotrigon genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Rhynchocyclus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Rhytipterna genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Satrapa genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sayornis genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Phoebe | 4 | 0.13 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| Serpophaga genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sirystes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Snethlagea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Stigmatura genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sublegatus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Suiriri genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tachuris genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Taenioptera genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Taeniotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Terenotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todirostrum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tolmomyias genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tumbezia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tyrannopsis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tyrannulus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tyrannus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 13 | 0.30 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Xenotriccus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Xolmis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Zimmerius genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Platyrhynchus chrysoceps species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Platyrhynchus filicauda species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Platyrhynchus flaviventer species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Platyrhynchus hirundinaceus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Platyrhynchus xanthopygus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus adspersus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus crinitus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus exilis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus limbatus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus melanocephalus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus olivaceus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus ruficollis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus sylviolus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Todus vilis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1825 | Tyrannidae Vigors |
| 1992 | Tyrannidae Parmalee p. 314 |
| 2007 | Tyrannidae Livezey and Zusi p. 95 |
| 2017 | Tyrannidae Clements et al. |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
