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Pinguinus alfrednewtoni ✝

Description

The great auk (Pinguinus impennis) is a species of flightless alcid that became extinct in the mid-19th century. It was the only modern species in the genus Pinguinus. It is not closely related to the birds now known as penguins, which were discovered later and so named by sailors because of their physical resemblance to the great auk.


From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinguinus_alfrednewtoni, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.
Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)5935910https://www.gbif.org/species/5935910
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)83406https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=83406
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Alcidae : Pinguinus : Pinguinus alfrednewtoni
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Alcidae : Pinguinus : Pinguinus alfrednewtoni
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
orderCharadriiformesHuxley 1867
-PanalcidaeSmith 2011
familyAlcidaeLeach 1820
subfamilyAlcinaeLeach 1820
genusPinguinusBonnaterre 1790
speciesPinguinus alfrednewtoniOlson 1977
Generic NamePinguinus
Scientific NamePinguinus alfrednewtoni Olson, 1977
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Pinguinus alfrednewtonispeciesbelongs to Pinguinusstated without evidenceOlson, 1977
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)1
First Recorded Appearance5.33 - 3.60 Ma
Neogene
Last Recorded Appearance5.33 - 3.60 Ma
Neogene
Environmentmarine (based on Charadriiformes)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietcarnivore (based on Coelurosauria)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)S. L. Olson. 1977. A great auk, Pinguinis, from the Pliocene of North Carolina (Aves: Alcidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 90(3):690-697
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinguinus_alfrednewtoni

Fossil Distribution

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1977Pinguinus alfrednewtoni Olson p. 690 figs. Fig. 1-3
1985Pinguinus alfrednewtoni Olson p. 185
2001Pinguinus alfrednewtoni Olson and Rasmussen p. 278

References

Olson S. L. (1977) A great auk, Pinguinis, from the Pliocene of North Carolina (Aves: Alcidae), Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 90 3, 690-697
Olson S. L. (1985) The fossil record of birds, Avian Biology VIII, 79-256
Olson S. L., Rasmussen P. C. (2001) Miocene and Pliocene birds from the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 233-365
S. L. Olson (1977) A great auk, Pinguinis, from the Pliocene of North Carolina (Aves: Alcidae): Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 3: 690--697 - via Catalogue of Life
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
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