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Pinnotheridae

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Photo Gallery

Pinnixa galliheri

Carmel Valley, Carmel-by-the-Sea, Santa Lucia Mts, Monterey County, California, USA

Pinnixa galliheri

Carmel Valley, Carmel-by-the-Sea, Santa Lucia Mts, Monterey County, California, USA

Pinnixa galliheri

Carmel Valley, Carmel-by-the-Sea, Santa Lucia Mts, Monterey County, California, USA

Description

The Pinnotheridae are a family of tiny soft-bodied crabs that live commensally in the mantles of certain bivalve molluscs (and the occasional large gastropod mollusc species in genera such as Strombus and Haliotis). Tunicotheres moseri is commensal with a tunicate. The earliest fossils attributable to the Pinnotheridae date from the Danian.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnotheridae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	8672	https://www.gbif.org/species/8672
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	63289	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=63289

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Pinnotheridae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
subphylum	Crustacea	Brünnich 1772
class	Malacostraca	Latreille 1802
superorder	Eucarida	Calman 1904
order	Decapoda	Latreille 1802
-	Meiura	Saint Laurent 1980
infraorder	Brachyura	Latreille 1802
-	Eubrachyura	de Saint Laurent 1980
-	Thoracotremata	Guinot 1977
superfamily	Pinnotheroidea	De Haan 1833
family	Pinnotheridae	de Haan 1833

Scientific Name

Pinnotheridae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pinnotheridae	family	belongs to Brachyrhyncha	stated without evidence	Rathbun, 1926
Pinnotheridae	family	belongs to Pinnotheroidea	stated without evidence	Schweitzer and Feldmann, 1999

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

20 (42%)

First Recorded Appearance

66.0 - 56.0 Ma
Paleocene

Motility

actively mobile (based on Malacostraca)

Vision

well-developed (based on Malacostraca)

Diet

carnivore (based on Decapoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Malacostraca)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

W. de Haan. 1833. Crustacea, p. 1-243, pls. A-J, L-Q, 1-55 IN Fauna Japonica.

Common Name(s)

ärtkrabbor, Pea Crabs, Erbsenkrabben, Muschelwächter, Commensal Crabs, Erwtenkrabben, カクレガニ

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnotheridae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Pinnothereliinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		22	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pinnotherinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		8	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Abyssotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Afropinnotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Alain genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Alainotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Alarconia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Amusiotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Arcotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asthenognathus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	48.6 Ma Eocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Austinixa genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Austinotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Austrotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bonita genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Buergeres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Calappella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Calappilia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		32	59.2 Ma Paleocene	21.7 Ma Miocene
Calyptraeotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Clypeasterophilus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Discorsotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dissodactylus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Durckheimia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Enigmatheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Epulotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ernestotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Fabia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gemmotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Glassella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Holotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Holothuriophilus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hospitotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Indopinnixa genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Juxtafabia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lambrus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Laminapinnixa genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Limotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mesotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mursilata ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mursilia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Mursiopsis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Nannotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nepinnotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Opisthopus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Orthotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ostracotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Parapinnixa genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pilumnoplax genus	listed (PBDB)		2	61.6 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Pinnaxodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pinnixa genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		22	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pinnotherelia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pinnotheres genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Propinnotheroides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Raytheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sakaina genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Scleroplax genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Serenotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sindheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Solenotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Stenodromia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Tetrias genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Trichobezoares genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tridacnatheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tumidotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tunicotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tutus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Uruma genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Viridotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Visayeres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Waldotheres genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Xanthasia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zaops genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1833	Pinnotheridae de Haan
1926	Pinnotheridae Rathbun p. 34
1999	Pinnotheridae Schweitzer and Feldmann p. 257
2001	Pinnotheridae Schweitzer and Feldmann p. 340
2001	Pinnotheridae Vega et al. p. 943
2003	Pinnotheridae Collins et al. p. 222
2010	Pinnotheridae Schweitzer et al.
2017	Pinnotheridae Luque et al. p. 18

References

de Haan W. Crustacea, p. 1-243, pls. A-J, L-Q, 1-55 IN Fauna Japonica

Rathbun M. J. (1926) The Fossil Stalk-Eyed Crustacea of the Pacific Slope of North America, United States National Museum Bulletin 138, 1-155

Schweitzer C. E., Feldmann R. M. (1999) Fossil decapod crustaceans from the late Oligocene to early Miocene Pysht Formation and late Oligocene Quimper Sandstone, Olympic Peninsula, Washington, Annals of Carnegie Museum 68 4, 215-273

Schweitzer C. E., Feldmann R. M. (2001) Differentiation of the fossil Hexapodidae Miers, 1886 (Decapoda: Brachyura) from similar forms, Journal of Paleontology 75 2, 330-345

Vega F. J., Cosma T, et al (2001) New middle Eocene decapods (Crustacea) from Chiapas, Mexico, Journal of Paleontology 75, 929-946

Collins J. S. H., Lee C., et al (2003) Miocene and Pleistocene Crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Sabah and Sarawak, Journal of Systematic Palaentology 1, 187-226

Schweitzer C. E., Feldmann R. M., et al (2010) Systematic list of fossil decapod crustacean species, Crustaceana Monographs 10, 1-222

Luque J., Schweitzer C. E., et al (2017) Checklist of fossil decapod crustaceans from tropical America. Part I: Anomura and Brachyura, Nauplius 25, e2017025 doi:10.1590/2358-2936e2017025

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Ingle, R.W. (1983) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)

Türkay, M. (2001). Decapoda, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 284-292 - via World Register of Marine Species

d'Udekem d'Acoz, C. (1999). Inventory and distribution of the decapod crustaceans from the northeastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean and the adjacent continental waters north of 25°N. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 40. Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. Paris. ISBN 2-86515-114-10. X, 383 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species

Martin, J.W., & Davis, G.E. (2001). An updated classification of the recent Crustacea. Science Series, 39. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Los Angeles, CA (USA). 124 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species

De Grave, S., Pentcheff, N.D., Ahyong, S.T., Chan, T.-Y., Crandall, K.A., Dworschak, P.C., Felder, D.L., Feldmann, R.M., Fransen, C.H.J.M., Goulding, L.Y.D., Lemaitre, R., Low, M.E.Y., Martin, J.W., Ng, P.K.L., Schweitzer, C.E., Tan, S.H., Tshudy, D. & Wetzer, R. (2009). A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. supplement 21: 1-109. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Martin, Joel W., and George E. Davis, 2001: An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles, Science Series 39. 124. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Williams, Austin B., Lawrence G. Abele, D. L. Felder, H. H. Hobbs, Jr., R. B. Manning, et al., 1989: Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Decapod Crustaceans. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 17. 77. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Bowman, Thomas E., and Lawrence G. Abele / Lawrence G. Abele, ed. / Dorothy E. Bliss, ed.-in-chief, 1982: Chapter 1: Classification of the Recent Crustacea. The Biology of Crustacea, vol. 1: Systematics, the Fossil Record, and Biogeography. 1-27. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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