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Waterhouseite

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Iron Monarch open cut, Iron Knob, Middleback Range, Eyre peninsula, South Australia, Australia
© Can. Mineral.

Show Waterhouseite Photos (2)
Formula:
Mn
2+
7
[(OH)
 
8
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
System:MonoclinicColour:Orange-brown to dark ...
Hardness:4
Name:After Frederick George Waterhouse (1815-1898), first Director of the South Australian Museum (Adelaide), in recognition of his contribution to the preservation of the natural history of South Australia, and celebrates the continuing work of the Waterhouse Club in their support of the South Australian Musuem.
This page provides mineralogical data about Waterhouseite.

Classification of Waterhouseite

IMA status:Approved 2004
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.15-60
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BE.85

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
E : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 > 2:1
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Type Occurrence of Waterhouseite

Type Locality:Iron Monarch open cut, Iron Knob, Middleback Range, Eyre peninsula, South Australia, Australia
General Appearance of Type Material:Divergent sprays of bladed crystals up to 1 mm in length and up to 20 µm in thickness.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:South Australian Museum, Adelaide (SAM 28408 & 28409).

Physical Properties of Waterhouseite

Lustre:Vitreous, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Orange-brown to dark brown
Streak:Yellowish brown
Hardness (Mohs):4
Hardness Data:Estimated
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
on (100), indistinct on (001)
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):3.55 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.591 g/cm3

Crystallography of Waterhouseite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:P21/b (P1 1 21/b) [P21/c] {P1 21/c 1} {P21/a}
Cell Parameters:a = 11.364Å, b = 5.57Å, c = 10.455Å
β = 96.61°
Ratio:a:b:c = 2.04 : 1 : 1.877
Unit Cell Volume:V 657.4 ų
Z:2
Morphology:{100} (dominant), {010}, {011} and {001}
Twinning:All crystals are twinned on (100) by non-merohedry.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
4.436 (70)
3.621 (100)
3.069 (50)
2.941 (40)
2.890 (20)
2.842 (20)
2.780 (35)

Optical Data of Waterhouseite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.730 nβ = 1.738 nγ = 1.738
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.008

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:absent
Comments:X pale brownish, Y brown-yellow, Z pale brownish, with absorption Z = X > Y
Optical orientation: XYZ = bac (pseudo-orthorhombic)

Chemical Properties of Waterhouseite

Formula:
Mn
2+
7
[(OH)
 
8
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
All elements listed in formula:H, Mn, O, P
Analyical Data:Individual contents determined by EPMA,
Emprical formula based on 16 oxygen atoms
Empirical Formula:
Mn
 
7.29
{P
 
1.81
As
 
0.07
V
 
0.04
)Σ1.92O
 
7.68
}(OH,O)
 
8.32
Relationship of Waterhouseite to other Species
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- + 
8.BE.05Augelite
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
8.BE.10Grattarolaite
Fe
3+
 
[O
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
8.BE.15Cornetite
Cu
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
8.BE.20Clinoclase
Cu
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|AsO
 
4
]
8.BE.25Arhbarite
Cu
 
2
Mg[(OH)
 
3
|AsO
 
4
]
8.BE.25Gilmarite
Cu
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|AsO
 
4
]
8.BE.30Allactite
Mn
2+
7
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
8
8.BE.30Flinkite
Mn
2+
2
Mn
3+
 
AsO
 
4
(OH)
 
4
8.BE.30Raadeite
Mg
 
7
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
8
8.BE.35Chlorophoenicite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH,O)
 
6
8.BE.35Magnesiochlorophoenicite
(Mg,Mn)
 
3
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH,O)
 
6
8.BE.40Gerdtremmelite
(Zn,Fe)(Al,Fe)
 
2
AsO
 
4
(OH)
 
5
8.BE.45Dixenite
CuMn
2+
14
Fe
2+
 
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
3
)
 
5
|AsO
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BE.45Hematolite
(Mn,Mg,Al)
 
15
(AsO
 
3
)(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
23
8.BE.45Kraisslite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
24
Zn
 
4
[(OH)
 
12
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
8
]
8.BE.45Mcgovernite
(Mn,Mg,Zn)
 
273
As
3+
~12
As
5+
~30
Si
 
~42
O
 
324
(OH)
 
252
8.BE.45Arakiite
(Zn,Mn
2+
 
)(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
12
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(AsO
 
3
)(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
23
8.BE.45Turtmannite
(Mn,Mg)
 
22.5
Mg
 
3-3x
[(V,As)O
 
4
]
 
3
[SiO
 
4
]
 
3
[AsO
 
3
]
 
x
O
 
5-5x
(OH)
 
20+x
8.BE.50Synadelphite
Mn
2+
9
[(OH)
 
9
|As
3+
 
O
 
3
|(As
5+
 
O
 
4
)
 
2
] · 2H
 
2
O
8.BE.55Holdenite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
6
Zn
 
3
[(OH)
 
8
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
]
8.BE.60Kolicite
Mn
2+
7
Zn
 
4
[(OH)
 
8
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BE.65Sabelliite
(Cu,Zn)
 
2
Zn[(OH)
 
3
|(AsO
 
4
,SbO
 
4
)]
8.BE.70Jarosewichite
Mn
 
3
MnAsO
 
4
(OH)
 
6
8.BE.75Theisite
Cu
 
5
Zn
 
5
[(OH)
 
7
|(AsO
 
4
,SbO
 
4
)]
 
2
8.BE.80Coparsite
Cu
 
4
[O
 
2
|Cl|(AsO
 
4
,VO
 
4
)]
Other Names for Waterhouseite
Synonyms:
IMA2004-035
Other Languages:
German:Waterhouseit
Russian:Ватернаусеит
Other Information
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Waterhouseite
Reference List:Pring, A., Kolitsch, U., Birch, W.D. (2005): Description and unique crystal structure of waterhouseite, a new hydroxy manganese phosphate from the Iron Monarch deposit, Middleback Ranges, South Australia. Canadian Mineralogist: 43: 1401-1410.
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    Localities for Waterhouseite
    






    


    

    
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    (TL) indicates type locality.  ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.

    Australia
     
    

    • South Australia
    

      • Eyre peninsula
    

        • Middleback Range
    

          • Iron Knob
    
    		A. Pring et al.: Can. Min. 43:1401-1410 (2005)
    

    


    

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