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Bermanite

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Hagendorf South Pegmatite (Cornelia Mine; Hagendorf South Open Cut), Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Vohenstrauß, Oberpfälzer Wald, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
© Christian Rewitzer

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Formula:
Mn
2+
 
Mn
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Reddish-brown; yellowish ...
Lustre:Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy, DullHardness:3½
Name:Named by Cornelius S. Hurlbut in 1936 in honour of Dr. Harry Berman [February 16, 1902 Boston, Massachusetts, USA - August 27, 1944 Prestwick, Scotland], co-author of seventh edition of Dana's System of Mineralogy, systematic mineralogist, early classifier of the structures of silicates, Professor of Mineralogy, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.


A late-stage secondary hydrothermal mineral replacing primary phosphate species.

Structurally related to ercitite and coralloite (chemically the arsenate analogue of bermanite).

Classification of Bermanite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/D.11-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.DC.20

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 1:1 and < 2:1
Dana 8th edition ID:42.11.17.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.12.2

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
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Type Occurrence of Bermanite

Type Locality:7U7 Ranch (7-U-7 Ranch), Bagdad Mine area, Hillside, Eureka District, Yavapai Co., Arizona, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:Narrow veinlets and in drusy cavities in triplite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: #97863 thru #97865.; U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA: #120405.
Year of Discovery:1936
Geological Setting of type material:In granite pegmatite.
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TripliteStrengitePhosphosideritePaulkerriteLeucophosphite
Hureaulite

Occurrences of Bermanite

Geological Setting:In late-stages of phosphate mineralization in complex granite pegmatites.

Physical Properties of Bermanite

Lustre:Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy, Dull
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Reddish-brown; yellowish brown to brownish red with red internal reflections in transmitted light
Comment:Colour darkens on exposure.
Streak:Light red brown
Hardness (Mohs):3½
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
On {001}, perfect; on {110}, imperfect.
Density (measured):2.84 - 2.85 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.87 g/cm3

Crystallography of Bermanite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:P2/b {P1 1 2/b} {P2/c} {P1 2/c 1}{P2/a}
Cell Parameters:a = 5.425Å, b = 19.206Å, c = 5.425Å
β = 110.29°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.282 : 1 : 0.282
Unit Cell Volume:V 530.17 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Crystals tabular {010}. Sheaflike aggregates and rosettes commonly as thin films or druses on fractures.
Twinning:Polysynthetic about [101] with composition plane {101} or about [101] with composition plane {101}, common. As reflection twins on {001} about [100], or with two or more individuals twinned on {301} about [100], producing composite fourlings.
Comment:Pseudo-orthorhombic; Space group: P21
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
9.63 (100)
5.10 (16)
4.82 (28)
3.673 (19)
3.263 (23)
3.062 (11)
2.905 (36)
1.828 (10)
Comments:ICDD 20-712

Optical Data of Bermanite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.685 - 1.690 nβ = 1.725 - 1.729 nγ = 1.748 - 1.751
2V:Measured: 72° to 75°, Calculated: 74°
Birefringence:0.062
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.063

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v weak
Optical Extinction:Y^a = 32.5°, Y^c = -36.5°, X = b
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X = Light red
Y = Pale yellow
Z = Deep red

Chemical Properties of Bermanite

Formula:
Mn
2+
 
Mn
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, Mn, O, P
All elements listed in formula:H, Mn, O, P

Relationship of Bermanite to other Species

Structurally related to group(s):
Arthurite Group
M
2+
 
M
3+
2
(TO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
Common Associates:
TripliteSwitzeriteStrunziteStrengiteStewartite
SickleriteRockbridgeitePhosphosideritePaulkerriteLithiophilite
LeucophosphiteHureaulite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.DC.05Nissonite
Cu
 
2
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.DC.07Euchroite
Cu
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
8.DC.10Legrandite
Zn
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)(OH) · H
 
2
O
8.DC.12Strashimirite
Cu
 
8
(AsO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.DC.15Arthurite
CuFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
,PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,O)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.15Earlshannonite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.15Ojuelaite
ZnFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.15Whitmoreite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.15Cobaltarthurite
(Co,Mg)Fe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.15Bendadaite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.15Kunatite
CuFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.15UKI-2006-(PO:FeHZn)
ZnFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.15UKI-2006-(PO:AlCuFeH)
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.17Kleemanite
ZnAl
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
8.DC.20Coralloite
Mn
2+
 
Mn
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.22Kovdorskite
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
8.DC.25Ferristrunzite
Fe
3+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.DC.25Ferrostrunzite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
8.DC.25Metavauxite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.25Metavivianite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
8.DC.25Strunzite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
8.DC.27Beraunite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
5
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Gordonite
MgAl
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Laueite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Mangangordonite
Mn
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Paravauxite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Pseudolaueite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Sigloite
Fe
3+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 7H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Stewartite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Ushkovite
MgFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Ferrolaueite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Kastningite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Maghrebite
MgAl
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DC.30Nordgauite
MnAl
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.DC.32Tinticite
Fe
3+
5.34
(PO
 
4
)
 
3.62
(VO
 
4
)
 
0.38
(OH)
 
4
 · 6.7H
 
2
O
8.DC.35Vauxite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
8.DC.37Vantasselite
Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
 · 9H
 
2
O
8.DC.40Cacoxenite
Fe
3+
24
Al(PO
 
4
)
 
17
O
 
6
(OH)
 
12
 · 17H
 
2
O
8.DC.45Gormanite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
8.DC.45Souzalite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
8.DC.47Kingite
Al
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 9H
 
2
O
8.DC.50Wavellite
Al
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.DC.50Allanpringite
Fe
3+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.DC.52Kribergite
Al
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DC.55Mapimite
Zn
 
2
Fe
3+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 10H
 
2
O
8.DC.57Ogdensburgite
Ca
 
2
Fe
3+
4
(Zn,Mn
2+
 
)(AsO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 6H
 
2
O
8.DC.60Nevadaite
(Cu
2+
 
,Al,V
3+
 
)
 
6
Al
 
8
(PO
 
4
)
 
8
F
 
8
(OH)
 
2
 · 22H
 
2
O
8.DC.60Cloncurryite
(Cu,VO)Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
 · 4.5-5H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
19.12.1Metaswitzerite
Mn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.12.3Natrophilite
NaMn
2+
 
PO
 
4
19.12.4Sidorenkite
Na
 
3
Mn
2+
 
(CO
 
3
)(PO
 
4
)
19.12.5Niahite
(NH
 
4
)(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)(PO
 
4
) · H
 
2
O
19.12.6Robertsite
Ca
 
3
Mn
3+
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.12.7Pararobertsite
Ca
 
2
Mn
3+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.12.8Sinkankasite
H
 
2
Mn
2+
 
Al(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 6H
 
2
O
19.12.9Mangangordonite
Mn
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.10Heterosite
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)PO
 
4
19.12.11Purpurite
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)PO
 
4
19.12.12Wolfeite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
19.12.13Triploidite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
19.12.14Lipscombite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
19.12.15Frondelite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
5
19.12.16Rockbridgeite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
5
19.12.17Kryzhanovskite
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,H
 
2
O)
 
3
19.12.18Landesite
Mn
2+
3-x
Fe
3+
x
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
x
 · (3-x)H
 
2
O
19.12.19Phosphoferrite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.12.20Reddingite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.12.21Earlshannonite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.12.22Hureaulite
(Mn,Fe)
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(HPO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.12.23Switzerite
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 7H
 
2
O
19.12.24Laueite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.25Pseudolaueite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.26Strunzite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
19.12.27Stewartite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.28Alluaudite
(Na,Ca)Mn
2+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.29Ferroalluaudite
(Na,Ca)Fe
2+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.30Fillowite
{Mn
2+
 
}{Na
 
8
}{Ca
 
4
Na
 
4
}{(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
43
}(PO
 
4
)
 
36
19.12.31Johnsomervilleite
{Ca}{Na
 
6
[ ]
 
2
}{Ca
 
6
Na
 
2
}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
43
}(PO
 
4
)
 
36
19.12.32Wicksite
NaCa
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
4
MgFe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.33Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)
{KNa}{Mn
2+
 
◻}{Ca}{Na
 
3
}{Mn
2+
13
}{Al}(PO
 
4
)
 
12
(OH)
 
2
19.12.34Sarcopside
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
19.12.35Ludlamite
(Fe,Mn,Mg)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.12.36Graftonite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
19.12.37Wilhelmvierlingite
CaMnFe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.38Fairfieldite
Ca
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.39Beusite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Ca,Mg)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
19.12.40Messelite
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.41Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)
{Ca}{Mn
2+
 
}{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
3+
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.42Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)
{Ca}{Mn
2+
 
}{Mn
2+
2
}{Fe
3+
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.43Jahnsite-(CaMnMg)
{Ca}{Mn
2+
 
}{(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
}{Fe
3+
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.44Keckite
CaMn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
3
(H
 
2
O)
 
7
19.12.45Stanfieldite
Ca
 
7
Ca
 
2
Mg
 
9
(PO
 
4
)
 
12
19.12.46Laubmannite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
Fe
3+
6
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
12
19.12.47Zodacite
Ca
 
4
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
4
 · 12H
 
2
O
19.12.48Hagendorfite
NaCaMn
2+
 
Fe
2+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.49Maghagendorfite
(□,Na,)(Na,Ca,Fe
2+
 
)Mn(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.50Varulite
NaCaMn
2+
 
Mn
2+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.51Griphite
Na
 
4
Li
 
2
Ca
 
6
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
19
Al
 
8
(PO
 
4
)
 
24
(F,OH)
 
8
19.12.52Attakolite
(Ca,Sr)Mn(Al,Fe)
 
4
(HPO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
19.12.53Arrojadite-(KFe)
{KNa}{Fe
2+
 
◻}{Ca}{Na
 
2
◻}{Fe
2+
13
}{Al}(PO
 
4
)
 
11
(HPO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
19.12.54Lun'okite
(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO
 
4
)
 
2
OH · 4H
 
2
O
19.12.55Eosphorite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)Al(PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
19.12.56Ernstite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)Al(PO
 
4
)(OH,O)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
19.12.57Childrenite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al(PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
19.12.58Bobfergusonite
Na
 
2
Mn
 
5
FeAl(PO
 
4
)
 
6
19.12.59Qingheiite
NaMn
3+
 
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.60Whiteite-(CaFeMg)
{Ca}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)}{Mg
 
2
}{Al
 
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.61Whiteite-(CaMnMg)
{Ca}{Mn
2+
 
}{Mg
 
2
}{Al
 
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.62Whiteite-(MnFeMg)
{(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)}{Mg
 
2
}{Al
 
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.63Rittmannite
{(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)}{Mn
2+
 
}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
}{(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
}(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.64Zanazziite
Ca
 
2
Mg
 
5
Be
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
19.12.65Samuelsonite
(Ca,Ba)Ca
 
8
Fe
2+
2
Mn
2+
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
10
(OH)
 
2

Other Names for Bermanite

Synonyms:
Vierlingite
Other Languages:
German:Bermanit
Russian:Берманит
Spanish:Bermanita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Not fluorescent
Other Information:Soluble in nitric acid.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Bermanite

Reference List:

- +
Hurlbut, C.S., Jr. (1936): A new phosphate, bermanite, occurring with triplite in Arizona, American Mineralogist: 21: 656-661.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 967-968.

Leavens, P.B. (1967): Reexamination of bermanite, American Mineralogist: 52: 1060-1066.

Hurlbut, C.S., Jr. and L.F. Aristarain (1968) Bermanite, and its occurrence in C´ordoba, Argentina. American Mineralogist: 53: 416–431.

Kampf, A.R. and Moore, P.B. (1976) The crystal structure of bermanite, a hydrated manganese phosphate. American Mineralogist: 61: 1241–1248.

Cooper, M. A., Hawthorne, F. C. and Černý, P. (2009): The crystal structure of ercitite, Na2(H2O)4[Mn3+2(OH)2(PO4)2], and its relation to bermanite, Mn2+(H2O)4[Mn3+2(OH)2(PO4)2]. Canadian Mineralogist 47, 173-180.

Internet Links for Bermanite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Bermanite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Bermanite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • Punilla Department
        • Tanti
    		J.C. Lodovichi collection; Dina, H. (1993). Hentschelita en Cerro Blanco, Tanti, Córdoba. Informacion Tecnologica, 48(3-4), 277-282.
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
    • San Luis
      • Coronel Pringles Department
        • Totoral pegmatitic field
          • La Florida
    		OYARZABAL, J. and GALLISKI, M.A.. Hureaulite, Mn+25(H2O)4[PO3(OH)]2[PO4]2, from different deposits of the Totoral pegmatitic field, San Luis. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2007, vol.62, n.2, pp. 210-216.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Eyre Peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		Pring, A., Francis, G. & Birch, W. D. (1992): Nissonite, namibite, and other additions to the mineral suite from Iron Monarch, South Australia. Australian Mineral. 6, 31-39.
      • Olary Province
        • Kalabity homestead area
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Doce Valley
    		Mineralogical Record 24: 384-385
    various photographs
        • Galiléia
          • Sapucaia do Norte
    		AmMin 89:1087
    Cassedanne, J.P. & Baptista, A. (1999): Famous Mineral Localities: The Sapucaia Pegmatite Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mineralogical Record, 30: 347-360 + 365
    • Paraíba
      • Borborema mineral province
        • Pedra Lavrada
    		Knut Eldjarn collection
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Sud-Kivu
      • Lusungu River District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
    France
     
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Pyrénées-Orientales
    		BERBAIN,C., RILEY, T., FAVREAU, G., (2012)Phosphates des pegmatites du massif des Albères (Pyrénées-Orientales), 117, 121-172, le Cahier des Micromonteurs, Association Française de Micromineralogie
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Vohenstrauß
            • Waidhaus
              • Hagendorf
    		http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    Greece
     
    • Macedonia Department
      • Kavála Prefecture
        • Kavála
    		Andrew P. Fornadel, Paul G. Spry, Vasilios Melfos, Michael Vavelidis and Panagiotis Ch. Voudouris (2011): Is the Palea Kavala Bi–Te–Pb–Sb ± Au district, northeastern Greece, an intrusion-related system? Ore Geology Reviews, 39, 119-133.
    Madagascar
     
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ambatofinandrahana District
    		Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, 19, p 20
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Okatjimukuju Farm 55 (Friedrichsfelde Farm)
    		P. Keller and O. von Knorring, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 567-593.
    Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2008): Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern, 473 pp. (in English)
        • Tsaobismund Farm 85
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
        • Usakos
          • Sandamap North Farm 115 (Sandamab)
    		in the collection from F.J.Emmerich
    Portugal
     
    • Guarda District
      • Gouveia
        • Folgosinho
    		Pedro Alves collection
      • Guarda
        • Vela
    		Pedro Alves collection. Characterized by p-XRD and EDS
      • Sabugal
        • Bendada
    		Schnorrer-Köhler (1991), Mineral Occurrences.
    Pedro Alves collection
    • Viana do Castelo District
      • Caminha
        • Arga de Baixo/Arga de Cima
      • Ponte da Barca
        • Touvedo
    		Self-find by Nuno Afonso; XRD analysed.
    • Vila Real District
      • Vila Pouca de Aguiar
    		Neves, J. M. C. (1960): Pegmatitos com fosfatos de Moreira (Vila Pouca de Aguiar). “Estudos Notas e Trabalhos” do S.F.M., vol. XIV, fascs. 3-4, 257-270.
    • Viseu District
      • Mangualde
    Mineralien Atlas
    Rwanda
     
    • Western Province
      • Gatumba District
    		von Knorring, O. and Sahama, T. G. (1982): Some FeMn phosphates from the Buranga pegmatite, Rwanda. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 62, 343-352; Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV; Daltry, V.D.C. and O. von Knorring (1998) Type-Mineralogy of Rwanda with Particular Reference to the Buranga Pegmatite. Geologica Belgica 1:1-9
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Kiruna district
        • Svappavaara
    USA
     
    • Alabama
      • Coosa Co.
        • Rockford District
          • Two Bit pegmatite
    		Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
    • Arizona
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Eureka District
          • Hillside
            • Bagdad Mine area
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 105, 132-133, 253-254, 275-276; Hurlbut, C.S., Jr. (1936), A new phosphate, bermanite, occurring with triplite in AZ, American Mineralogist: 21: 656-661; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 968; Leavens, P.B. (1967), Reexamination of bermanite, Am.Min.: 52: 1060-1066; Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 74, 101.
    • California
      • San Diego Co.
        • Pala District
          • Pala
            • Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn)
    		Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World.
    • Maine
      • Oxford Co.
        • Greenwood
          • Uncle Tom Mountain
    		"Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd Ed." by Thompson, W.B., et.al. 1998
        • Newry
    		King, V. T., 2006, Minerals of Halls Ridge and Plumbago-Puzzle Mountain, Newry, ... Maine, Mineral News, v. 22(6): p. 1-3.
        • Stoneham
    		"Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd Ed." by Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998
    • New Hampshire
      • Grafton Co.
        • Groton
    		Nashua Mineralogical Society Disp. Cat. 1995.; Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130
    • North Carolina
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Custer
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
          • Fourmile
    		Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117. Januzzi, R.E. and Seaman, David M. (1976) Mineral Localities Of Connecticut and Southern New York State and Pegmatite Minerals of the World.
          • Pringle
            • Cicero Peak
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Glendale
    		Rocks & Minerals: 60: 116.
    Rocks & Minerals (2000): 75:3: 156-169.
    • Virginia
      • Amelia Co.
        • Winterham
    		[Virginia Minerals, Vol 46:2]
    • Wisconsin
      • Florence Co.
    		R&M 73:11-12 pp 378-399 Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index
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