Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic Time
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral Quiz
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Paulkerrite

A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
03733750014947539912504.jpg
Paulkerrite, etc.

7U7 Ranch, Bagdad Mine area, Hillside, Eureka Mining District, Yavapai County, Arizona, USA
07978630014965247341245.jpg
Paulkerrite

Sítio do Castelo Mine, Folgosinho, Gouveia, Guarda, Portugal
09478660014977612066005.jpg
Paulkerrite, etc.

Bendada Mines, Bendada, Sabugal, Guarda, Portugal
04839260014947047137592.jpg
Paulkerrite, etc.

7U7 Ranch, Bagdad Mine area, Hillside, Eureka Mining District, Yavapai County, Arizona, USA
01539180014962990419819.jpg
Paulkerrite

Sítio do Castelo Mine, Folgosinho, Gouveia, Guarda, Portugal
08633390014964224664803.jpg
Paulkerrite, etc.

Bendada Mines, Bendada, Sabugal, Guarda, Portugal
03733750014947539912504.jpg
Paulkerrite, etc.

7U7 Ranch, Bagdad Mine area, Hillside, Eureka Mining District, Yavapai County, Arizona, USA
07978630014965247341245.jpg
Paulkerrite

Sítio do Castelo Mine, Folgosinho, Gouveia, Guarda, Portugal
Hide all sections | Show all sections

About PaulkerriteHide

02130290014947539905508.jpg
Paul Francis Kerr
Formula:
K(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O
Colour:
Colorless to very light yellow-brown
Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
2.36
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named by Donald Peacor, Pete Dunn, and William Simmons in honor of Paul Francis Kerr [January 12, 1897 Helmet, California, USA - February 27, 1981 Chicago, Illinois, USA], professor of mineralogy, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Compare Mantienneite, also Benyacarite.




Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3134
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3134:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
36dcab80-6c92-4253-9744-451e75348d86

IMA Classification of PaulkerriteHide

Classification of PaulkerriteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
8.DH.35

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
H : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 < 1:1
Dana 8th ed.:
42.11.21.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.8.24

19 : Phosphates
8 : Phosphates of Al and other metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
PkeIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of PaulkerriteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colorless to very light yellow-brown
Streak:
White
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{100} perfect
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
2.36 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.36 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of PaulkerriteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.591 - 1.598 nβ = 1.615 - 1.624 nγ = 1.639 - 1.643
2V:
Measured: 80° , Calculated: 78° to 88°
Birefringence:
0.045
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.048
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Optical Extinction:
Parallel, XYZ = cba
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of PaulkerriteHide

Mindat Formula:
K(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O
Elements listed:
Al, Fe, H, K, Mg, Mn, O, P, Ti - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of PaulkerriteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.569(2) Å, b = 20.590(4) Å, c = 12.413(2) Å
β = 90.33(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.513 : 1 : 0.603
Unit Cell V:
2,701.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Nearly colorless equant to nearly equant flattened crystals with simple forms: {010}, {100}, and {111}.
Comment:
p21/c

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
10.3 Å(90)
7.46 Å(80)
6.20 Å(100)
3.75 Å(40)
3.13 Å(70)
2.872 Å(40)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]
47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates]
Geological Setting:
Granite pegmatite

Type Occurrence of PaulkerriteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ 7U7 Ranch (7-U-7 Ranch), Bagdad Mine area, Hillside, Eureka Mining District, Yavapai County, Arizona, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:
Flattened to equant transparent nearly colorless to very light yellowish brown 0.2 mm crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, R7778, 120405, 163777.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary phosphate mineralization in a granite pegmatite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
TripliteStrengiteStrengitePhosphosideriteLeucophosphite
Bermanite
Reference:
Peacor, D.R., Dunn, P.J., Simmons, W.B. (1984) Paulkerrite a new titanium phosphate from Arizona. The Mineralogical Record: 15: 303-306.
Download:
https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/MR15_303.pdf

Synonyms of PaulkerriteHide

Other Language Names for PaulkerriteHide

Relationship of Paulkerrite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Paulkerrite Group
Other Members of this group:
Benyacarite(H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
HochleitneriteMn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
Hydroxylbenyacarite(H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
MacraeiteK(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
MantienneiteKMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
Pleysteinite[(H2O)0.5K0.5]2Mn2Al3(PO4)4F2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
Rewitzerite[K(H2O)]Mn2Al3(PO4)4(OH)2 · 14H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
Sperlingite (H2O)K(Mn2+Fe3+)(Al2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)] [(H2O)9(OH)] · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
6 photos of Paulkerrite associated with PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
2 photos of Paulkerrite associated with LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
2 photos of Paulkerrite associated with Benyacarite(H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2O
2 photos of Paulkerrite associated with Nsutite(Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2
2 photos of Paulkerrite associated with StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
2 photos of Paulkerrite associated with RockbridgeiteFe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DH.FerroberauniteFe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)5 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.Rowleyite[Na(NH4,K)9Cl4][V5+,4+2(P,As)O8]6 · n[H2O,Na,NH4,K,Cl]Iso.
8.DH.Ammoniotinsleyite(NH4)Al2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.Thebaite-(NH4)(NH4)3Al(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.Dendoraite-(NH4)(NH4)2NaAl(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)2Mon. 2/m
8.DH.Whiteite-(MnMnMn)Mn2+Mn2+Mn2+2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.Whiteite-(CaMnFe)CaMnFe2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.HochleitneriteMn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.RegeriteKFe6(PO4)4(OH)7(H2O)6 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.05MinyuliteKAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2OOrth. mm2 : Pba2
8.DH.10LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.10Spheniscidite(NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.10TinsleyiteKAl2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnFe){Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Rittmannite{(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnFeMg){(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Kaluginite(Mn2+,Ca)MgFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaFeFe){Ca}{Fe2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaFeMg)NaFe3+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMg){(Na,Ca)}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)}{(Mg,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMgMg){Ca}{Mg}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnMnMg)MnMnMg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMg)Mn2+Mn2+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnFe)Mn2+Mn2+Fe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMgMg)CaMg3Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnZn)Mn2+Mn2+Zn2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMn)NaMn2+(Mn2+Fe3+)Σ2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnZn)CaMn2+Zn2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.20Lun'okite(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20Manganosegelerite(Mn2+,Ca)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20OveriteCaMgAl(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20SegeleriteCa2 Mg2 Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pcca
8.DH.20WilhelmvierlingiteCaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20JuonniiteCaMgSc(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.25CalcioferriteCa2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH) · 7H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.25KingsmountiteCa3MnFeAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.25MontgomeryiteCa4MgAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2 : B2
8.DH.25ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon.
8.DH.25FanfaniiteCa4MnAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30KolfaniteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3 · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.30MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30PararobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.30RobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bb
8.DH.30Sailaufite(Ca,Na,◻)2Mn3+3(AsO4)2(CO3)O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bm
8.DH.35MantienneiteKMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Benyacarite(H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Hydroxylbenyacarite(H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35MacraeiteK(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.40XanthoxeniteCa4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.45MahnertiteNaCu3(AsO4)2Cl · 5H2OTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
8.DH.50AndyrobertsiteKCdCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.50CalcioandyrobertsiteKCaCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.55EnglishiteK3Na2Ca10Al15(PO4)21(OH)7 · 26H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.60BouazzeriteBi6(Mg,Co)11Fe3+14(AsO4)18(OH)4O12 · 86H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.65GalliskiiteCa4Al2(PO4)2F8 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.70JoteiteCa2CuAl(AsO4)[AsO3(OH)]2(OH)2 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.75KampeliteBa6Mg3Sc8(PO4)12(OH)6 · 7H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
8.DH.80KapundaiteNaCaFe4(PO4)4(OH)3 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.85VaniniiteCa2Mn2+3Mn3+2O2(AsO4)4 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b

Fluorescence of PaulkerriteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for PaulkerriteHide

References for PaulkerriteHide

Localities for PaulkerriteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic
 
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Bory
Staně +4 other references
Staněk
Germany
 
  • Bavaria
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Neustadt an der Waldnaab District
        • Waidhaus
Dill et al. (2011)
      • Tirschenreuth District
        • Plößberg
DILL et al. (2009)
Morocco
 
  • Marrakesh-Safi Region
    • Rehamna Province
      • Sidi Bou Othmane Cercle
        • Jebilet Mtn (Djebilet Mtn)
          • Sidi Bou Othmane
Favreau (2012)
Portugal
 
  • Guarda
    • Gouveia
      • Folgosinho
Schnorrer et al. (2005)
Lapis 15 (7/8)
    • Sabugal
      • Bendada
Schnorrer-Köhler (1991)
USA (TL)
 
  • Arizona
    • Yavapai County
      • Eureka Mining District
        • Hillside
          • Bagdad Mine area
Dunn et al. (1984) +1 other reference
Quick NavTopAbout PaulkerriteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
Mindat Discussions Facebook Logo Instagram Logo Discord Logo
Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: April 27, 2024 20:18:50 Page updated: April 14, 2024 01:27:06
Go to top of page