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Miltha

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	17916	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17916

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Miltha

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Heteroconchia
-	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardioni	Ferussac 1822
-	Lucinidia	Gray 1854
order	Lucinida
superfamily	Lucinoidea	Fleming 1828
family	Lucinidae	Fleming 1828
genus	Miltha	(Adams and Adams 1857)

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Miltha	subgenus	belongs to Phacoides	stated with evidence	Dall, 1903
Miltha	subgenus	belongs to Lucina	stated with evidence	Martin, 1922
Miltha	genus	belongs to Lucinidae	stated without evidence	Woodring, 1925
Miltha	genus	misspelling of Miltha	stated without evidence	Vokes, 1969
Miltha	genus	belongs to Lucinidae	stated with evidence	Malumian et al., 1978
Miltha	genus	belongs to Milthinae	stated with evidence	Vokes, 1980
Miltha	genus	belongs to Milthinae	stated without evidence	Squires, 1987
Miltha	genus	belongs to Lucinidae	stated with evidence	Beu et al., 1990
Miltha	genus	belongs to Veneroida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Miltha	genus	belongs to Milthinae	stated without evidence	Bouchet et al., 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

5 (22%)

First Recorded Appearance

145 - 140 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Motility

facultatively mobile (based on Lucinidae)

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

chemosymbiotic (based on Lucinidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Lucinidae)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Miltha (Matanziella) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)	5	23.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Miltha (Miltha) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	84	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Lucina (Miltha) contorta ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Lucina (Miltha) hetzeli ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Miltha childreni species	listed (PBDB)	1	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Miltha chipolana ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	35	48.6 Ma Eocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Miltha claibornensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Miltha hamptonensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Miltha hillsboroensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	15	33.9 Ma Oligocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Miltha inflata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Miltha merangiana ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	16.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Miltha packi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	10	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Miltha pandata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Miltha parsonsi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	59.2 Ma Paleocene	59.2 Ma Paleocene
Phacoides (Miltha) hernandoensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	4	33.9 Ma Oligocene	28.1 Ma Oligocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1857	Lucina (Miltha) Adams and Adams p. 468
1903	Phacoides (Miltha) Dall
1922	Lucina (Miltha) Martin p. 489
1925	Miltha Woodring p. 115
1969	Miltha Vokes p. 95
1978	Miltha Malumian et al. p. 276

Year	Name and Author
1980	Miltha Vokes p. 103
1983	Miltha Vokes p. 135
1987	Miltha Squires p. 59
1990	Miltha Beu et al. p. 396
2002	Miltha Sepkoski, Jr.
2010	Miltha Bouchet et al.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Woodring W. P. (1925) Miocene Molluscs from Bowden, Jamaica. Part 1: Pelecypods and Scaphopods, Contributions to the Geology and Palaeontology of the West Indies

Vokes H. E. (1969) Observations on the genus Miltha (Mollusca: Bivalvia) with notes on the type and the Florida Neogene species, Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 7 3, 93-126

Malumian N., Camacho H. H., et al (1978) Molluscos del Terciario Inferior ("Magallanense") de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego (Republica Argentina), Ameghiniana 15 3-4, 265-284

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Vokes H. E. (1983) On the occurrence of Miltha (Eomiltha) megameris (Dall) in the Dominican Republic, Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 17 3-4, 135-138

Squires R. L. (1987) Eocene molluscan paleontology of the Whitaker Peak area, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 388, 1-93

Beu A. G., Maxwell P.A., et al (1990) Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 58

Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., et al (2010) Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families, Malacologia 52 2, 1-184 doi:10.4002/040.052.0201

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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