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Crepidula

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Crepidula sp.

Prince George County, Virginia, USA

Crepidula sp.

Prince George County, Virginia, USA

Crepidula sp.

Prince George County, Virginia, USA

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	9697	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=9697

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Gastropoda	Cuvier 1797
superorder	Hypsogastropoda
infraorder	Littorinimorpha	Golikov and Starobogtov 1975
superfamily	Calyptraeoidea	Lamarck 1809
family	Calyptraeidae	Lamarck 1809
genus	Crepidula	Lamarck 1799

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Crepidula	subgenus	belongs to Calyptraea	stated with evidence	d'Orbigny, 1841
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated without evidence	Martin, 1904
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Crepidulidae	stated without evidence	Clark and Arnold, 1923
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated without evidence	Oostingh, 1935
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Crepidulidae	stated without evidence	Turner, 1938
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated with evidence	Gardner, 1947
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Crepidulidae	stated without evidence	Woodring, 1957
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated without evidence	Moore, 1976
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated with evidence	Ladd, 1982
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated without evidence	Squires, 1987
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Crepidulidae	stated with evidence	Ward and Blackwelder, 1987
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	implied	Wilson, 1993
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated with evidence	Todd, 2001
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated without evidence	Wienrich, 2001
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Neotaenioglossa	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated with evidence	Rosenberg, 2005
Crepidula	genus	belongs to Calyptraeidae	stated without evidence	Matsubara et al., 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

25 (57%)

First Recorded Appearance

113 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Motility

facultatively mobile, attached (based on Crepidula)

Vision

limited (based on Gastropoda)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Crepidula)

Ecospace Comments

DIMENSIONS & MORPHOLOGY: Based on ten randomly selected figured species.
Feeding (Orton, 1991, Nature): The mode of feeding in Crepidula is ithe same in principle as that of the oyster, that is, there is an ingoing and an outgoing current of water kept up in the mantle-cavity, while between the two currents the gill acts as a strainer, retaining even very fine particles of suspended matter, which eventually "by one of two ways" reach the mouth.

Taphonomy

thin,minor ribbing (based on Crepidula)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Crepidula (Crepidula) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	9	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula (Garnotia) subgenus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Crepidula (Ianacus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	6	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula (Janacus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	11	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula (Siphopatella) subgenus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Crepidula (Spirocrypta) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)
Calyptraea (Crepidula) protea species	listed (PBDB)	14	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula adunca species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	39	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula aeola species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Crepidula aplysioides species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Crepidula bractea ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Crepidula convexa species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	28	3.60 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula cymbaeformis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula depressa species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Crepidula deprima ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	3.60 Ma Pliocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Crepidula dickersoni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	41.3 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Crepidula diminutiva ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Crepidula dumosa species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	27	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Crepidula excavata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	3.60 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula falconeri species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Crepidula fornicata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	136	28.4 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula gatunensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Crepidula gibbosa ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	10	16.0 Ma Miocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Crepidula incurva species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula iniquita ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Crepidula lirata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	42	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Crepidula maculosa species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	23	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula navicula species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Crepidula nivea species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula norrisianum species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula nummaria species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	26	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula onyx species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	30	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula pabloensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Crepidula plana species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	118	28.4 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Crepidula praerupta ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	25	37.2 Ma Eocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Crepidula princeps ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	36	28.1 Ma Oligocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Crepidula rostralis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	3	28.1 Ma Oligocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Crepidula sookensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Crepidula tainohataensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	5	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Crepidula ungana ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	27	48.6 Ma Eocene	28.1 Ma Oligocene
Crepidula unguiformis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	13	28.1 Ma Oligocene	1.81 Ma Pleistocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1799	Crepidula Lamarck
1841	Calyptraea (Crepidula) d'Orbigny p. 465
1904	Crepidula Martin p. 248
1923	Crepidula Clark and Arnold p. 166
1935	Crepidula Oostingh p. 42
1938	Crepidula Turner p. 90
1938	Crepidula Wenz p. 902
1944	Crepidula Durham p. 161
1947	Crepidula Gardner p. 561
1957	Crepidula Woodring p. 79
1970	Crepidula Addicott p. 62

Year	Name and Author
1976	Crepidula Moore p. 31
1982	Crepidula Ladd p. 36
1987	Crepidula Squires p. 31
1987	Crepidula Ward and Blackwelder p. 131
1993	Crepidula Wilson p. 164
2001	Crepidula Todd
2001	Crepidula Wienrich p. 419
2002	Crepidula Sepkoski, Jr.
2005	Crepidula Rosenberg
2010	Crepidula Landau and Marques da Silva p. 25
2010	Crepidula Matsubara et al. p. 129

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Martin G. C. (1904) Gastropoda, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene Text, 131-269

Clark B. L., Arnold R. (1923) Fauna of the Sooke Formation Vancouver Island, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 14 5, 123-234

Oostingh C. H. (1935) Die Mollusken des Pliozäns von Boemiajoe (Java), Dienst van den Mijnbouw in Nederlandsch-Indië Wetenschappelijke Mededeelingen 26, 1-247

Turner F. E. (1938) Stratigraphy and Mollusca of the Eocene of western Oregon, Geological Society of America Special Paper 10, 1-130

Wenz W. (1938) Handbuch der Paläozoologie; Gastropoda, Handbuch der Paläozoologie

Durham J. W. (1944) Megafaunal zones of the Oligocene of northwestern Washington, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 27, 101 -212

Gardner J. R. (1947) The Molluscan Fauna of the Alum Bluff Group of Florida, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 142A-H, 1-709

Woodring W. P. (1957) Geology and Paleontology of Canal Zone and adjoining parts of Panama., United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 306 A

Addicott W.O. (1970) Miocene Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area, California, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642, 1-172

Moore E. J. (1976) Oligocene marine mollusks from the Pittsburg Bluff Formation in Oregon, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 922, 1-66

Ladd H. S. (1982) Cenozoic fossil mollusks from Western Pacific Islands; Gastropods (Volutidae through Terebridae), United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1171, 1-100

Squires R. L. (1987) Eocene molluscan paleontology of the Whitaker Peak area, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 388, 1-93

Ward L. W., Blackwelder B.W. (1987) Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at Lee Creek Mine, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 61, 113-283

Wilson B. (1993) , Australian Marine Shells 1

Todd J. A. (2001) Systematic list of gastropods in the Panama Paleontology Project collections

Wienrich G. (2001) Die Fauna des marinen Miozäns von Kevelaer (Niederrhein), Gastropoda bis Cancellariidae 3, 385-639

Rosenberg G. (2005) Malacolog 4.0: A database of Western Atlantic marine Mollusca, [WWW database (version 4.1.0)] URL http://data.acnatsci.org/wasp

Landau B., Marques da Silva C. (2010) Early Pliocene gastropods of Cubagua, Venezuela: Taxonomy, palaeobiogeography and ecostratigraphy, Palaeontos 19, 1-221

Matsubara T., Kurita H., et al (2010) Eocene Mollusca from the Tainohata Formation in Kobe City, southwest Japan, Paleontological Research 14 2, 119-144 doi:10.2517/1342-8144-14.2.119

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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