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Littorina

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Description

Littorina is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littorina, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2301050	https://www.gbif.org/species/2301050
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	10068	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=10068

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : Littorina

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinidae : Littorina

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Gastropoda	Cuvier 1797
superorder	Hypsogastropoda
infraorder	Littorinimorpha	Golikov and Starobogtov 1975
superfamily	Littorinoidea	(Gray 1840)
family	Littorinidae	Gray 1840
genus	Littorina	Férussac 1822

Scientific Name

Littorina Férussac, 1822

Name Published In

Tabl. syst. anim. moll., pp. XI (16.2.1822), XXIV (13.4.1822), the dates fide Kennard, 1942, Proc. malac. Soc. London, 25: 12-17, 105-118

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Littorina	subgenus	belongs to Turbo	stated with evidence	Munster, 1841
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorinidae	stated without evidence	Holmes, 1859
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorinidae	stated with evidence	Gardner, 1948
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorinidae	stated without evidence	Weisbord, 1962
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorinidae	stated with evidence	Ladd, 1972
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorinidae	stated without evidence	Kensley, 1972
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorinidae	stated with evidence	Ward and Blackwelder, 1987
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorininae	implied	Wilson, 1993
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorininae	stated with evidence	Marquet, 1997
Littorina	genus	belongs to Littorinidae	stated with evidence	Todd, 2001
Littorina	genus	belongs to Neotaenioglossa	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

9 (45%)

First Recorded Appearance

247 - 237 Ma
Triassic

Motility

actively mobile (based on Littorinidae)

Vision

limited (based on Gastropoda)

Diet

grazer (based on Littorinidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Gastropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Common Name(s)

Littorines, タマキビ

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littorina

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Littorina (Melaraphe) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		6	41.3 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Littorina acuminata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina adamsii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina aleutica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina alta ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Littorina arcana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina aspera species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Littorina atkana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina brevicula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina caliginesa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina chartroni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littoraria coccinea species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Littorina compacta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina compressa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina cossmanni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina fabalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina fragilis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina gibbosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina globosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina goniata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina gymma species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina horikawai species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina humbertina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina islandica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina kasatka species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina keenae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina kneri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Littorina lacustris species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina littorea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina mandshurica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina mausseneti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina mountsoloensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina mucronata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina natica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina neritoides species	listed (PBDB)		20	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Littorina novaezealandiae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina obtusala species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina obtusata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Littorina pellita species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina pencillata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina peridesmia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina petricola species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina pittsburgensis species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Littorina planaxis species	listed (PBDB)		14	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Littorina plena species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina praepontica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina prevostina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina remondii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina saxatilis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		15	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Littorina scabra species	listed (PBDB)		5	5.33 Ma Miocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Littorina schuttei ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Littorina scutulata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		25	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Littorina serialis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina sheaferi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Littorina sitkana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina sookensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Littorina squalida species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina subrotundata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina sulcata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina tuberculata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Littorina tuberculostriata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Littorina undulata species	listed (PBDB)
Austrolittorina unifasciata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Litorina Menke, 1828	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Litorina*
Litorinna Dall, 1884	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Litorinna*
Brevilittorina Golikov, Dolgolenko, Maximovich & Scarlato, 1990	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Brevilittorina*
Ezolittorina Habe, 1958	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Ezolittorina*
Isonema Hall, 1891	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Isonema*
Litonia Weinkauff, 1878	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Litonia*
Lithorina Hartmann, 1840	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Lithorina*
Neritotrema Wenz, 1939	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Neritotrema*
Litormia Moerch, 1849	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Litormia*
Littorivaga Dall, 1918	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Littorivaga*
Littornia Jenkins & Grocock, 1891	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Littornia*
Neritrema Recluz, 1869	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Neritrema*
Vivilittorina Golikov, 1995	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Vivilittorina*
Bacalia H.Adams & A.Adams, 1854	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Bacalia*
Littorrina Gabb, 1861	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Littorrina*
Cricostoma Mörch, 1857	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Cricostoma*
Planilittorina Reid, 1989	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Planilittorina*
Turbinarius Duméril, 1805	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Turbinarius*
Littorivage Dall, 1918	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Littorivage*
Littorelaea Leach, 1847	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Littorelaea*
Algaroda Dall, 1918	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Algaroda*
Neritoides T.Brown, 1827	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : *Neritoides*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1821	Littorina Ferussac
1841	Turbo (Littorina) Munster
1859	Littorina Holmes p. 91
1904	Littorina Martin p. 239
1923	Littorina Clark and Arnold p. 165
1948	Littorina Gardner p. 191
1962	Littorina Weisbord p. 117
1967	Littorina Olsson p. 39

Year	Name and Author
1972	Littorina Kensley p. 178
1972	Littorina Ladd p. 14
1987	Littorina Ward and Blackwelder p. 131
1993	Littorina Wilson p. 146
1997	Littorina Marquet p. 12
2001	Littorina Todd
2002	Littorina Sepkoski, Jr.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Holmes F. S. , Post-Pleiocene Fossils of South Carolina, 1-122

Martin G. C. (1904) Gastropoda, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene Text, 131-269

Clark B. L., Arnold R. (1923) Fauna of the Sooke Formation Vancouver Island, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 14 5, 123-234

Gardner J. A. (1948) Mollusca from the Miocene and Lower Pliocene of Virginia and North Carolina: Part 2. Scaphopoda and Gastropoda, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 199 B, 179-310

Weisbord N.E. (1962) Late Cenozoic gastropods from northern Venezuela, Bulletins of American Paleontology 42 193

Olsson A. A. (1967) , Some Tertiary mollusks from South Florida and the Carribean. Paleontological Research Institute, 1-61

Kensley B. (1972) Pliocene marine invertebrates from Langebaanweg, Cape Province, Annals of the South African Museum 60 4, 173-190

Ladd H. S. (1972) Cenozoic fossil mollusks from Western Pacific Islands; Gastropods (Turritellidae through Strombidae), United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 532, 1-79

Ward L. W., Blackwelder B.W. (1987) Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at Lee Creek Mine, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 61, 113-283

Wilson B. (1993) , Australian Marine Shells 1

Marquet R. (1997) Pliocene gastropod faunas from Kallo (Oost-Vlaanderen, Belgium) - Part 2. Caenogastropoda: Potamididae-Tornidae, Contributions to Tertiary and Quaternary Geology 34 1-2, 9-29

Todd J. A. (2001) Systematic list of gastropods in the Panama Paleontology Project collections

Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al., 1998: Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed.. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26. 526. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Cataliotti-Valdina J. 1984. Littorines quaternaires de Méditerranée. Bulletin de l'Association française pour l'étude du quaternaire, 21(4): 211-219. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Reid, D.G. (1996). Systematics and evolution of Littorina. The Ray Society. 463p. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Férussac, A.E.J.P.F. d'Audebard de. (1822). Tableaux systématiques des animaux mollusques classés en familles naturelles, dans lesquels on a établi la concordance de tous les systèmes; suivis d'un prodrome général pour tous les mollusques terrestres ou fluviatiles, vivants ou fossils. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

H. N. g. et p. Moll., Tabl. gén., xxxiv. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Boss, 1982 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Cataliotti-Valdina J. 1984. Littorines quaternaires de Méditerranée. Bulletin de l'Association française pour l'étude du quaternaire, 21(4): 211-219. - via World Register of Marine Species

Reid, D.G. (1996). Systematics and evolution of Littorina. The Ray Society. 463p. - via World Register of Marine Species

Karlsson, Anna (2004) Mollusker - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 1159 Littorina (Mollusca, Gastropoda): author and date of this generic name, and type species of this nominal genus determined by use of the Plenary Powers.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 37, 103-106 (1980) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

WoRMS (2016) Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Alastair Graham, F.R.S. (1988) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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