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Passerculus sandwichensis

Description

The Savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) is a small American sparrow. It was the only member of the genus Passerculus and is typically the only widely accepted member. Comparison of mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 and 3 sequences indicates that the Ipswich sparrow, formerly usually considered a valid species (as Passerculus princeps), is a well-marked subspecies of the Savannah sparrow, whereas the southwestern large-billed sparrow should be recognized as a distinct species (Passerculus rostratus).


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)5231142https://www.gbif.org/species/5231142
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)368134https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=368134
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Emberizidae : Passerculus : Passerculus sandwichensis
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Passerellidae : Passerculus : Passerculus sandwichensis
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
-PygostyliaChiappe 2002
-OrnithothoracesChiappe and Calvo 1994
-OrnithuromorphaChiappe et al. 1999
subclassOrnithuraeHaeckel 1866
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
-Neognathae
-NeoavesSibley et al. 1988
-TerrestrornithesLivezey and Zusi 2007
-Dendrornithes
-AnomalogonatesGarrod 1874
-PicoclamatoresLivezey and Zusi 2007
superorderPasserimorphaeSibley et al. 1988
orderPasseriformesLinnaeus 1758
familyPasserellidaeCabanis 1851
genusPasserculusBonaparte 1838
speciesPasserculus sandwichensisJ.F.Gmelin 1789
Generic NamePasserculus
Common Namesavannah sparrow
Scientific NamePasserculus sandwichensis (J.F.Gmelin, 1789)
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Passerculus sandwichensisspeciesbelongs to Emberizastated without evidenceGmelin, 1789
Passerculus sandwichensisspeciesbelongs to Passerculusstated with evidenceClements et al., 2017
Passerculus sandwichensisspeciesbelongs to Passerculusstated without evidenceOswald and Steadman, 2018
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)1
Extant Size (PBDB)1 (100%)
First Recorded Appearance1.81 - 0.78 Ma
Pleistocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Theropoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietcarnivore (based on Coelurosauria)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. F. Clements, T. S. Schulenberg, and M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood. 2017. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017
Common Name(s) Grasammer, Savannahgors, Bruant Des Prés, Savannah Sparrow, Gorrión Sabanero, Savannah Sparrow (savannah), Savannah Sparrow (belding's), Chingolo Sabanero, Musespurv, Passero Delle Praterie, Savanas Zvirbulis, Savannahspurv, Bagiennik żółtobrewy, Gulbrynad Grässparv, Kenttäsirkkunen, Mezei Verébsármány, Paprastoji Prerinė žvirbliastartė, Prerijski Vrabonad, Sit Pardalenc De Prat, Strnadec Skvrnitý, Strnádlik Trávový, Tico-tico-dos-prados, Väljasidrik, Саванная овсянка, サバンナシトド, 稀树草鹀, 稀樹草鵐
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passerculus_sandwichensis

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Passerculus sandwichensis alaudinus
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis anthinus
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis anulus
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis atratus
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis beldingi
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis brooksi
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis brunnescens
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis campestris
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis crassus
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis guttatus
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis labradorius
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis magdalenae
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis mediogriseus
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis nevadensis
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis princeps
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis rostratus
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis sanctorum
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis sandwichensis
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis savanna
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Emberiza sandwichensis Gmelin, 1789GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Emberizidae : Passerculus : Emberiza sandwichensis
Ammodramus sandwichensis (J.F.Gmelin, 1789)GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Emberizidae : Passerculus : Ammodramus sandwichensis

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1789Emberiza sandwichensis Gmelin
2017Passerculus sandwichensis Clements et al.
2018Passerculus sandwichensis Oswald and Steadman p. 367

References

Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017
Oswald J. A., Steadman D. W. (2018) The late Quaternary bird community of New Providence, Bahamas, The Auk 135, 359-377
Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright, 2006: null. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Rising, James D., 2007: Chapter 4: Named subspecies and their significance in contemporary ornithology. Ornithological Monographs, no. 63. 45-54. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Gallardo, J. C., V. Macías, and E. Velarde. 2009. Birds (Vertebrata: Aves) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1321–1342 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. - via World Register of Marine Species
(1996) database, NODC Taxonomic Code - via Catalogue of Life
(2001) database, Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad - via Catalogue of Life
Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names - via Catalogue of Life
(2003) database, http://www.menv.gouv.qc.ca/biodiversite/centre.htm - via Catalogue of Life
Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner (1987) Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada: Resource Publication, no. 166 - via Catalogue of Life
(2007) AOU Check-List (07-2007) - via Catalogue of Life
(2007) Gill & Wright (2006) corrigenda/updates - 21-Sep-2007 - via Catalogue of Life
Rising, James D. (2007) Chapter 4: Named subspecies and their significance in contemporary ornithology: Ornithological Monographs, no. 63 - via Catalogue of Life
(2015) IOC World Bird List (v 5.3) - via Catalogue of Life
(2015) Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource, 2015.02.01 - via Catalogue of Life
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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