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Sterling Mine, Antwerp, Jefferson County, New York, USAi
Regional Level Types
Sterling MineMine (Flooded)
AntwerpTown
Jefferson CountyCounty
New YorkState
USACountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
44° 14' 17'' North , 75° 35' 27'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
44.23833,-75.59111
GeoHash:
G#: drf5xvk4z
GRN:
N30W40
Type:
Mine (Flooded) - last checked 2023
KΓΆppen climate type:
Dfb : Warm-summer humid continental climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Antwerp685 (2017)4.5km
Oxbow108 (2017)6.0km
Philadelphia1,223 (2017)13.2km
Hailesboro624 (2017)14.0km
Gouverneur3,797 (2017)14.9km
Mindat Locality ID:
4025
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:4025:2
GUID (UUID V4):
8890786f-99c8-4e55-a9ed-5f2007d79b6f


A former Fe mine located North of Antwerp. Reopened in 1904 and closed in 1910.

Ore is soft, earthy hematite hosted in Precambrian quartz-chlorite schist. Produced an estimated 750,000 tons plus of ore.

Workings feature an open pit (500 feet (ca. 152 m) by 200 feet (ca. 61 metres) by 115 feet (ca. 35 metres) deep) plus underground workings to 200 feet (ca. 61 metres) deep.

First identified occurrence of millerite in the US.

Notes on the mineral list:

- Many historical identifications of minerals (ankerite, ilmenite, stilpnomelane) have been shown to be incorrect.

- The early mineral, "chalcodite" appears to be the ferric-dominant member of the stilpnomelane group, but needs to be re-investigated. Robinson and Chamberlain (1984) showed that stilpnomelane group minerals from this location were ferric iron-rich. Three partial analyses of material of varying colors contained dominant ferric iron: green (FeO = 9.94 wt %, Fe2O3 = 25.26), green-brown (FeO = 8.46, Fe2O3 = 31.37), and golden brown (Fe) = 2.18, Fe2O3 = 35.34). "Ferristilpnomelane" was named by Winchell and Winchell (1951) for the slightly ferrian variety of the series, and probably does not occur at this location. Ferrous-dominant stilpnomelane is not found at this location, either.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


16 valid minerals. 1 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc. 2 erroneous literature entries.

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
β“˜ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
β“˜ 'Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'
β“˜ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
β“˜ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
β“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
β“˜ 'Chalcodite' (FRL)
Formula: K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Type Locality:
β“˜ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
β“˜ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
β“˜ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite
Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
β“˜ Goethite
Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
β“˜ Hematite var. Martite
Formula: Fe2O3
β“˜ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Description: Pseudomorphs after hematite.
β“˜ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
β“˜ Millerite
Formula: NiS
β“˜ Pecoraite
Formula: Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Description: Pseudomorphs after Millerite.
β“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
β“˜ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
β“˜ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
β“˜ Stilpnomelane
Formula: (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
β“˜ Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane ?
Formula: K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Description: Mineral appears to be ferric iron-rich, rather than ferric iron-poor. This is really chalcodite.
β“˜ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Description: Fe-rich

Gallery:

CaCO3β“˜ Calcite
K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27β“˜ 'Chalcodite' (FRL)
CaMg(CO3)2β“˜ Dolomite
Fe2O3β“˜ Hematite
NiSβ“˜ Millerite
Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4β“˜ Pecoraite
FeCO3β“˜ Siderite

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
β“˜Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
β“˜Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
β“˜Millerite2.CC.20NiS
β“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Goethite4.00.Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
β“˜var. Martite4.CB.05Fe2O3
β“˜Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
β“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
β“˜Siderite5.AB.05FeCO3
β“˜Ankerite ?5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
β“˜Dolomite
var. Iron-bearing Dolomite		5.AB.10Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
β“˜5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
β“˜Aragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
β“˜Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Talc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
β“˜Pecoraite9.ED.15Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4
β“˜Stilpnomelane
var. Ferristilpnomelane ?		9.EG.40K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
β“˜ ?9.EG.40(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 Β· nH2O
β“˜'Chalcodite' (TL)9.EG.40K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Unclassified
β“˜'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
β“˜'var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Hβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Hβ“˜ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Hβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Hβ“˜ ChalcoditeK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
CCarbon
Cβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cβ“˜ SideriteFeCO3
Cβ“˜ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Oβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Oβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Oβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Oβ“˜ PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Oβ“˜ SideriteFeCO3
Oβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Oβ“˜ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Oβ“˜ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oβ“˜ ChalcoditeK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Mgβ“˜ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Mgβ“˜ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ ChalcoditeK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Alβ“˜ Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Alβ“˜ ChalcoditeK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Siβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Siβ“˜ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siβ“˜ Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Siβ“˜ ChalcoditeK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Sβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sβ“˜ MilleriteNiS
Sβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Sβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
ClChlorine
Clβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Kβ“˜ Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Kβ“˜ ChalcoditeK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Caβ“˜ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FeIron
Feβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Feβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Feβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Feβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Feβ“˜ SideriteFeCO3
Feβ“˜ Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Feβ“˜ Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Feβ“˜ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Feβ“˜ ChalcoditeK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
NiNickel
Niβ“˜ MilleriteNiS
Niβ“˜ PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4
CuCopper
Cuβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
ZnZinc
Znβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
BaBarium
Baβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North America PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Newland, David H. (July-August 1919) The Mineral Resources of the State of New York. New York State Museum Bulletin 223-224: 126, 129.
Dana, Edward Salisbury (1892) A System of Mineralogy (6th ed.)
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Robinson, George W., Chamberlain, Steven C. (1984) Famous Mineral Localities: The Sterling Mine, Antwerp, New York. The Mineralogical Record, 15 (4) Tucson. 199-216
Rocks & Minerals (1984) 59: 223-224.
Roe, Arthur (1990) Frederick A. Canfield, His Life and His Mineral Collection. The Mineralogical Record: 21(1): 31-39 (page 33).
Chamberlain, Steven C. (1995) Historic Mineral Feature: The First Millerite Locality in the United States: Historical Notes on the Sterling Mine, Antwerp, Jefferson County, New York. Matrix: 4: 82-90.
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