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Liskeardite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Liskeardite (28)

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Liskeardite

Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

Liskeardite

Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

Liskeardite

Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

Liskeardite

Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

Liskeardite

Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

Liskeardite

Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

Liskeardite

Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

Liskeardite

Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

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About LiskearditeHide

Liskeard, U.K.

Formula:

[(Al,Fe)₃₂(AsO₄)₁₈(OH)₄₂(H₂O)₂₂] · 52H₂O

Formerly thought to be (Al,Fe³⁺)₃(AsO₄)(OH)₆.5H₂O.

Colour:

White, greenish, bluish, brownish; colourless in transmitted light.

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Name:

Named after the community of Liskeard, Cornwall, England, UK, near the type locality.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

A secondary mineral resulting from the oxidation of arsenic-bearing sulfides.

Chemically similar to bettertonite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

2416

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:2416:3

GUID
(UUID V4):

6755c4ad-3d80-4b13-9af6-661b985885d0

IMA Classification of LiskearditeHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

(Al,Fe)₃₂(AsO₄)₁₈(OH)₄₂(H₂O)₂₂ · 52H₂O

First published:

1878

Type description reference:

Maskelyne, N.S. (1878) A new mineral. Nature: 18: 426-426.

Classification of LiskearditeHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

8.DF.10

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H₂O
F : With only medium-sized cations, (OH,etc.):RO₄ > 3:1

Dana 8th ed.:

42.1.1.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : A₃(XO₄)Z_q·xH₂O

Hey's CIM Ref.:

20.9.14

20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
9 : Arsenates of Fe

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Lsk	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of LiskearditeHide

Pronunciation:

Play	Recorded by	Country
	Jolyon Ralph	United Kingdom

Physical Properties of LiskearditeHide

Transparency:

Translucent

Colour:

White, greenish, bluish, brownish; colourless in transmitted light.

Optical Data of LiskearditeHide

Type:

Biaxial (+)

RI values:

n_α = 1.661 n_β = 1.675 n_γ = 1.689

2V:

Measured: 90° , Calculated: 88°

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.028

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

High

Dispersion:

r < v strong

Chemistry of LiskearditeHide

Mindat Formula:

[(Al,Fe)₃₂(AsO₄)₁₈(OH)₄₂(H₂O)₂₂] · 52H₂O

Formerly thought to be (Al,Fe³⁺)₃(AsO₄)(OH)₆.5H₂O.

Elements listed:

Al, As, Fe, H, O - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of LiskearditeHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Cell Parameters:

a = 24.576(5) Å, b = 7.754(2) Å, c = 24.641(5) Å
β = 90.19(1)°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 3.169 : 1 : 3.178

Unit Cell V:

4,695.62 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Massive, crusts with a radial-fibrous structure.

Comment:

space group I2, crystal structure was determined using synchrotron data collected on a 2 μm diameter fibre at 100 K.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0020528	Liskeardite	Grey I E, Mumme W G, Macrae C M, Caradoc-Davies T, Price J R, Rumsey M S, Mills S J (2013) Chiral edge-shared octahedral chains in liskeardite, [(Al,Fe)32(AsO4)18(OH)42(H2O)22] 52H2O, an open framework mineral with a pharmacoalumite-related structure* Mineralogical Magazine 77 3125-3135		2013	Marke Valley mine, Liskeard District, Cornwall, UK	0	100

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Liskeardite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Grey I E'
'Mumme W G'
'Macrae C M'
'Caradoc-Davies T'
'Price J R'
'Rumsey M S'
'Mills S J'
_journal_name_full 'Mineralogical Magazine'
_journal_volume 77 
_journal_year 2013
_journal_page_first 3125
_journal_page_last 3135
_publ_section_title
;
 Chiral edge-shared octahedral chains in liskeardite, [(Al,Fe)32(AsO4)18(OH)42(H2O)22]
 *52H2O, an open framework mineral with a pharmacoalumite-related structure
 Note: T = 100 K
;
_database_code_amcsd 0020528
_chemical_compound_source 'Marke Valley mine, Liskeard District, Cornwall, UK'
_chemical_formula_sum 'As9 Al14.582 Fe1.418 O94.12 H97.24'
_cell_length_a 24.576
_cell_length_b 7.754
_cell_length_c 24.641
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90.19
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 4695.620
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      1.946
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I 1 2 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  '-x,y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
As1   0.79768   0.18161   0.75058   1.00000   0.02630
As2   0.00000   0.50188   0.50000   1.00000   0.02170
As3   0.86884   0.98957   0.58781   1.00000   0.02490
As4   0.74933   0.82240   0.29770   1.00000   0.02610
As5   0.91225   0.01416   0.36875   1.00000   0.02500
Al1   0.93923   0.86350   0.48702   0.67900   0.02170
Fe1   0.93923   0.86350   0.48702   0.32100   0.02170
Al2   0.98726   0.14070   0.56090   0.61200   0.02450
Fe2   0.98726   0.14070   0.56090   0.38800   0.02450
Al3   0.81070   0.19380   0.31510   1.00000   0.02470
Al4   0.68380   0.31810   0.68950   1.00000   0.02870
Al5   0.68490   0.30950   0.81080   1.00000   0.02520
Al6   0.68960   0.18480   0.31610   1.00000   0.02820
Al7   0.87130   0.93000   0.24970   1.00000   0.02820
Al8   0.74940   0.07380   0.62890   1.00000   0.02830
O1   0.84350   0.33850   0.74960   0.75000   0.03700
O-H1   0.84350   0.33850   0.74960   0.25000   0.03700
O2   0.80560   0.05700   0.80480   1.00000   0.03700
O3   0.73440   0.26970   0.75240   1.00000   0.02700
O4   0.79930   0.05760   0.69330   1.00000   0.02700
O5   0.98880   0.38260   0.55510   1.00000   0.02900
O6   0.44430   0.12140   0.98890   1.00000   0.02700
O7   0.87650   0.87340   0.53060   1.00000   0.02700
O8   0.81060   0.10410   0.58360   1.00000   0.03400
O9   0.62910   0.35300   0.85930   1.00000   0.02900
O10   0.91950   0.13530   0.59640   1.00000   0.02800
O11   0.69520   0.94490   0.30600   1.00000   0.03300
O12   0.74950   0.16540   0.15680   0.75000   0.03900
O-H12   0.74950   0.16540   0.15680   0.25000   0.03900
O13   0.75260   0.23220   0.26480   1.00000   0.02700
O14   0.80710   0.94590   0.29980   1.00000   0.02490
O15   0.91620   0.89970   0.31090   1.00000   0.03300
O16   0.96950   0.12930   0.37660   1.00000   0.02800
O17   0.85880   0.15000   0.37050   1.00000   0.03100
O18   0.90370   0.86920   0.42020   1.00000   0.02800
O-H19   0.95020   0.11550   0.48910   1.00000   0.02390
O-H20   0.98890   0.88770   0.55000   1.00000   0.02180
O-H21   0.75040   0.19770   0.36090   1.00000   0.02800
O-H22   0.86300   0.16630   0.26030   1.00000   0.02900
Wat23   0.82600   0.43570   0.32120   1.00000   0.03200
O-H24   0.63890   0.30640   0.75040   1.00000   0.02900
O-H25   0.68460   0.08510   0.67070   1.00000   0.03200
O-H26   0.73980   0.31300   0.63780   1.00000   0.03300
Wat27   0.37510   0.36380   0.36000   1.00000   0.04500
O-H28   0.73970   0.33720   0.86210   1.00000   0.02800
Wat29   0.67820   0.06800   0.82580   1.00000   0.02900
Wat30   0.63920   0.14190   0.37390   1.00000   0.04700
O-H31   0.82850   0.91840   0.18510   1.00000   0.03200
O-H32   0.63780   0.19060   0.25920   1.00000   0.03000
Wat33   0.93600   0.94950   0.20700   1.00000   0.03900
Wat34   0.70660   0.05670   0.56520   1.00000   0.04000
Wat1   0.75370   0.57500   0.54940   1.00000   0.12700
Wat2   0.05900   0.26200   0.30090   0.79000   0.05100
Wat3   0.68970   0.43700   0.46200   1.00000   0.22200
Wat4   0.85610   0.29700   0.47260   1.00000   0.05900
Wat5   0.02570   0.70970   0.35400   1.00000   0.05800
Wat6   0.62560   0.97600   0.91400   1.00000   0.06300
Wat7   0.75390   0.06100   0.46490   0.87000   0.11300
Wat8   0.91480   0.52600   0.37460   1.00000   0.05700
Wat9   0.98760   0.42320   0.34140   1.00000   0.03850
Wat10   0.66020   0.07830   0.98640   1.00000   0.04200
Wat11   0.69840   0.24400   0.05980   0.71000   0.04300
Wat12   0.94900   0.43100   0.24950   0.78000   0.08800
Wat13   0.03330   0.94100   0.25860   1.00000   0.11900
Wat14   0.65840   0.80100   0.40740   0.25000   0.05700
Wat15   0.40780   0.74300   0.34610   0.66000   0.17000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
17.6 Å	(100)
12.2 Å	(60)
8.65 Å	(80)
7.85 Å	(65)
7.44 Å	(60)
5.66 Å	(20)
4.76 Å	(20)
4.56 Å	(20)
4.25 Å	(40)
3.95 Å	(40)
3.44 Å	(20)
3.33 Å	(100)
3.22 Å	(40)
3.12 Å	(20)
2.85 Å	(40)
2.78 Å	(40)
2.59 Å	(40)
2.47 Å	(20)
2.37 Å	(60)
2.28 Å	(40)
2.24 Å	(40)

Comments:

Data from Guillemin (1952) for specimen from Cap Garonne.
Type material gives a poor X-ray pattern.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event	<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates]

Type Occurrence of LiskearditeHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Marke Valley Mine, Upton Cross, Linkinhorne, Cornwall, England, UK

General Appearance of Type Material:

Occurs as a layer, several millimeters thick, with uniform, fibrous structure, coating quartz in pockets.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

The Natural History Museum, London, England, UK - #50821.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Reference:

Maskelyne, N.S. (1878) A new mineral. Nature: 18: 426-426.

Download:

https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/N18_426.pdf

Other Language Names for LiskearditeHide

German:Liskeardit

Spanish:Liskeardita

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

3 photos of Liskeardite associated with Scorodite	Fe³⁺AsO₄ · 2H₂O
1 photo of Liskeardite associated with Chalcophyllite	Cu₁₈Al₂(AsO₄)₄(SO₄)₃(OH)₂₄ · 36H₂O
1 photo of Liskeardite associated with Cyanotrichite	Cu₄Al₂(SO₄)(OH)₁₂ · 2H₂O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

8.DF.	Kernowite	Cu₂Fe(AsO₄)(OH)₄ · 4H₂O	Mon.
8.DF.	Wiperamingaite	NaCaFe³⁺Al(PO₄)F₅(OH) · H₂O	Orth. 2 2 2 : P2₁ 2₁ 2₁
8.DF.05	Hotsonite	Al₁₁(SO₄)₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₂₁ · 16H₂O	Tric.
8.DF.10	Bolivarite	Al₂(PO₄)(OH)₃ · 4-5H₂O	Amor.
8.DF.10	Evansite	Al₃(PO₄)(OH)₆ · 6H₂O	Amor.
8.DF.10	Rosièresite	(Pb, Cu, Al, P, O, H)	Amor.
8.DF.15	Rusakovite	(Fe³⁺,Al)₅(VO₄,PO₄)₂(OH)₉ · 3H₂O
8.DF.20	Liroconite	Cu₂Al(AsO₄)(OH)₄ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m
8.DF.25	Sieleckiite	Cu₃Al₄(PO₄)₂(OH)₁₂ · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.DF.30	Chalcophyllite	Cu₁₈Al₂(AsO₄)₄(SO₄)₃(OH)₂₄ · 36H₂O	Trig. 3 : R3
8.DF.35	Parnauite	Cu₉(AsO₄)₂(SO₄)(OH)₁₀ · 7H₂O	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
8.DF.40	Gladiusite	Fe₂(Fe,Mg)₄(PO₄)(OH)₁₁(H₂O)	Mon. 2/m
8.DF.50	Forêtite	Cu₂Al₂(AsO₄)(OH,O,H₂O)₆	Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for LiskearditeHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-2416.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for LiskearditeHide

Reference List:

Talling, R. (1874).

Maskelyne, N.S. (1878) A new mineral. Nature: 18: 426-426.

Flight, W. (1883) Two new aluminous mineral species, Evigtokite and Liskeardite. Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions: 43: 140-142.

Lacroix, A. (1901) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 24: 27.

Lacroix, A. (1910) Liskeardite. Minéralogie de la France et de ses Colonies: 4: 488-489.

Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin Vol. 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.101

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

Guillemin, G. (1952) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie: 75: 71.

Grey, I.E., Mumme, W.G., MacRae, C.M., Caradoc-Davies, T., Price, J.R., Rumsey, M.S., Mills, S.J. (2013) Chiral edge-shared octahedral chains in liskeardite, [(Al,Fe)32(AsO4)18(OH)42(H2O)22]•52H2O, an open framework mineral with a pharmacoalumite-related structure. Mineralogical Magazine: 77: 3125-3135.

Grey, I.E., Brand, H.E.A., Rumsey, M.S., Gozukara, Y. (2015) Ultra-flexible framework breathing in response to dehydration in liskeardite, [(Al,Fe)16(AsO4)9(OH)21(H2O)11]·26H2O, a natural open-framework compound. Journal of Solid State Chemistry: 228: 146-152.

(2023) Liskeardite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for LiskearditeHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


France
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Var Toulon Le Pradet ⓘ ~~Cap Garonne Mine~~	Guillemin (1952)

Germany
Saxony Vogtlandkreis Muldenhammer Tannenbergsthal Schneckenstein ⓘ Tannenberg Mine (Shaft 176)	rruff.geo.arizona.edu (n.d.)

Russia
Kemerovo Oblast ⓘ Belovo smelter	Bortnikova et al. (2017)

UK
England Cornwall Gwennap St Day ⓘ Wheal Unity
Gwinear-Gwithian Fraddam ⓘ Wheal Carpenter
Linkinhorne Upton Cross ⓘ Marke Valley Mine (TL)	Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie (1952)
St Hilary ⓘ Penberthy Croft Mine	Golley et al. (1995) +1 other reference

Liskeardite

About LiskearditeHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of LiskearditeHide

Classification of LiskearditeHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Pronunciation of LiskearditeHide

Physical Properties of LiskearditeHide

Optical Data of LiskearditeHide

Chemistry of LiskearditeHide

Crystallography of LiskearditeHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of LiskearditeHide

Other Language Names for LiskearditeHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for LiskearditeHide

References for LiskearditeHide

Localities for LiskearditeHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide