Basic volcanic rock

A rock classification type

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Basalt

El Hierro, Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province, Canary Islands, Spain

Amygdaloidal basalt

Port road outcrop, Morro de Jable, Pájara, Fuerteventura, Las Palmas Province, Canary Islands, Spain

Amygdaloidal basalt, etc.

Ojibway Mine, Ojibway, Allouez Township, Keweenaw County, Michigan, USA

Basalt

El Hierro, Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province, Canary Islands, Spain

Amygdaloidal basalt

Port road outcrop, Morro de Jable, Pájara, Fuerteventura, Las Palmas Province, Canary Islands, Spain

Amygdaloidal basalt, etc.

Ojibway Mine, Ojibway, Allouez Township, Keweenaw County, Michigan, USA

Basalt

El Hierro, Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province, Canary Islands, Spain

Amygdaloidal basalt

Port road outcrop, Morro de Jable, Pájara, Fuerteventura, Las Palmas Province, Canary Islands, Spain

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About Basic volcanic rockHide

A chemical classification based on the TAS diagram for normal volcanic rocks with between 45 and 52 wt % SiO₂.

This includes basalt, trachybasalt, basaltic trachyandesite (in part), phonotephrite (in part), foidite (in part) and tephriphonolite (in part).

These rocks are usually dark coloured and fine grained and typically described as basalt if not analysed.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

51208

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:51208:8

Classification of Basic volcanic rockHide

Rock
- Igneous rock
  - Normal crystalline igneous rock
    - Fine-grained ("volcanic") normal crystalline igneous rock
      - Basic volcanic rock

Sub-divisions of Basic volcanic rockHide

Age distributionHide

Recorded ages:

Phanerozoic : 358.9 ± 0.4 Ma to 0 Ma - based on 178 recorded ages.

Sample ages:

Sample ID	Recorded age	Geologic Time	Dating method
1	At least 0.0016 Ma	Holocene
2	0.31 ± 0.09 Ma	Pleistocene	K-Ar
3	0.82 Ma	Pleistocene
4	1.7 ± 0.2 Ma	Pleistocene
5	2.3 ± 0.1 to 1.2 ± 0.1 Ma	Pleistocene	Ar-Ar
6	2.6 Ma	Pliocene	K-Ar
7	3.0 ± 0.2 Ma	Pliocene
8	4.76 to 1.57 Ma	Cenozoic	K-Ar
9	5.90 to 0.66 Ma	Cenozoic	Ar-Ar
10	7.7 ± 0.6 to 3.9 ± 0.4 Ma	Neogene	K-Ar on lafa flow rocks
11	9.08 ± 0.29 Ma	Miocene	Ar-Ar
12	10.9 ± 0.4 Ma	Miocene	K-Ar
13	13 to 7 Ma	Miocene
14	15 to 11 Ma	Miocene	K-Ar
15	23 to 20 Ma	Miocene	Ar-Ar, K-Ar, fission track
16	27.4 ± 0.5 Ma	Oligocene	K-Ar
17	39.5 ± 1.5 Ma	Eocene	K-Ar
18	62.0 ± 2.5 Ma	Paleocene	K-Ar
19	71.84 ± 0.51 Ma	Late/Upper Cretaceous	Ar/Ar
20	358.9 ± 0.4 to 298.9 ± 0.15 Ma	Paleozoic

Sample references:

ID	Locality	Reference	Notes
1	Longgang, Jingyu County, Baishan, Jilin, China	Wu, F. Y., Walker, R. J., Ren, X. W., Sun, D. Y., & Zhou, X. H. (2003). Osmium isotopic constraints on the age of lithospheric mantle beneath northeastern China. Chemical Geology, 196(1-4), 107-129.
2	Mount Takahe, Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, Antarctica	LeMasurier, W.E. (1990) B. Marie Byrd Land. In Volcanoes of the Antarctic Plate and Southern Oceans Vol. 48 - Antarctic Research Series. American Geophysical Union. p.146-255. doi:10.1029/AR048
3	Mount Terror, Ross Island, Ross Archipelago, Victoria Land, East Antarctica, Antarctica	LeMasurier, W. E., Thomson, J. W., Baker, P. E., Kyle, P. R., Rowley, P. D., Smellie, J. L., & Verwoerd, W. J. (1990).
4	Mount Frakes, Crary Mountains, Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, Antarctica	LeMasurier, W. E., & Rex, D. C. (1982). Volcanic record of Cenozoic glacial history in Marie Byrd Land and western Ellsworth Land: Revised chronology and evaluation of tectonic factors. Antarctic Geoscience, 89, 725-734.
5	Mingxi volcanic field, Mingxi County, Sanming, Fujian, China	Ho, K. S., Chen, J. C., Lo, C. H., & Zhao, H. L. (2003). 40Ar	Ages for 2 nephelinite, an alkali olivine basalt and olivine tholeiite lava
6	Shanamu Hills, Kajiado County, Kenya	Fairhead, J. D., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1972). New K/Ar determinations on rift volcanics of S. Kenya and their bearing on age of rift faulting. Nature Physical Science, 238(83), 66-69. doi.org/10.1038/physci238066a0
7	Mount Cumming, Executive Committee Range, Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, Antarctica	LeMasurier, W. E., & Rex, D. C. (1989). Evolution of linear volcanic ranges in Marie Byrd Land, west Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 94(B6), 7223-7236.
8	Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Victoria Land, East Antarctica, Antarctica	LeMasurier, W. E., Thomson, J. W., Baker, P. E., Kyle, P. R., Rowley, P. D., Smellie, J. L., & Verwoerd, W. J. (1990).
9	James Ross Island, Antarctica	Smellie, J. L., Johnson, J. S., McIntosh, W. C., Esser, R., Gudmundsson, M. T., Hambrey, M. J., & De Vries, B. V. W. (2008). Six million years of glacial history recorded in volcanic lithofacies of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group, Antarctic Peninsula. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 260(1-2), 122-148.
10	Mount Pinafore, Alexander Island, West Antarctica, Antarctica	Hole, M. J., & Thomson, J. W. (1990). Mount Pinafore-Debussy Heights.
11	Lop Buri Lava Field, Lopburi Province, Thailand	Intasopa, S., Dunn, T., & Lambert, R. S. (1995). Geochemistry of Cenozoic basaltic and silicic magmas in the central portion of the Loei
12	Black Island, Ross Archipelago, Victoria Land, East Antarctica, Antarctica	Armstrong, Richard Lee (1978) K-Ar dating: Late Cenozoic McMurdo Volcanic Group and dry valley glacial history, Victoria Land, Antarctica. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 21 (6) 685-698 doi:10.1080/00288306.1978.10425199
13	Cantal Volcano, Thiézac, Aurillac, Cantal, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France	Nehlig, P., Leyrit, H., Dardon, A., Freour, G., de Goer de Herve, A., Huguet, D., & Thieblemont, D. (2001). Constructions et destructions du stratovolcan du Cantal. Bulletin de la Soci
14	Hessian Depression, Kassel Region, Hesse, Germany	Wedepohl, K. H. (1982). K
15	Shiting-Yinko Area, Xindian District, New Taipei City, Taiwan	Chen, C. H., Chung, S. H., Hwang, H. H., Chen, C. H., & Chung, S. L. (2001). Petrology and geochemistry of Neogene continental basalts and related rocks in northern Taiwan (III): Alkali basalts and tholeiites from Shiting-Yinko area. Western Pacific Earth Sciences, 1(1), 19-46.
16	Kapsikis Plateau, Far North Region, Cameroon	Gouhier, J. (1974). CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE VOLCANOLOGIQUE DU CAMEROUN (LIGNE DU CAMEROUN-ADAMAOUA). Annales de la Faculte des Sciences, Universite du Cameroun, Yaounde, 17, 3-48.
17	Okruglica Volcanic Breccia, Svrljig, Nišava District, Central Serbia, Serbia	Jovanovic, M., Downes, H., Pecskay, Z., Cvetkovic, V., Prelevic, D., & Vaselli, O. (2001). Paleogene mafic alkaline volcanics rocks of East Serbia. Acta Vulcanologica, 13, 159-173.
18	Pirot Occurrence, Babušnica, Pirot District, Central Serbia, Serbia	Jovanovic, M., Downes, H., Pecskay, Z., Cvetkovic, V., Prelevic, D., & Vaselli, O. (2001). Paleogene mafic alkaline volcanics rocks of East Serbia. Acta Vulcanologica, 13, 159-173.
19	Tisa Lava Field, Golubac, Braničevo District, Central Serbia, Serbia	Cvetković, V.; Prelević, D.; Downes, H.; Jovanović, M.; Vaselli, O.; Pécskay, Z. (2004) Origin and geodynamic significance of Tertiary postcollisional basaltic magmatism in Serbia (central Balkan Peninsula). Lithos, 73 (3-4). 161-186 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2003.12.004
20		Xia, L. Q., Xu, X. Y., Xia, Z. C., Li, X. M., Ma, Z. P., & Wang, L. S. (2004). Petrogenesis of Carboniferous rift-related volcanic rocks in the Tianshan, northwestern China. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 116(3-4), 419-433.

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References for Basic volcanic rockHide

Reference List:

Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581