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Pakaurangi Point, Kaipara District, Northland Region, New Zealand

Lat/Long (Decimal)	-36.2167,174.283
Co-ordinates Derivation	based on nearby landmark
Given Location	Auckland, New Zealand
Mindat.org Region (for given coordinates)	Kaipara District, Northland Region, New Zealand

Collections

Collection	Reference	Stratigraphic Name	Comments	Lithology	Age
N 28, GS 1189 Pakaurangi Point, Kaipara	Squires D. F. (1962)	Pakaurangi		"limestone"	19 - 15.9 Ma Miocene
Pakaurangi Point, Kaipara Harbour	Cairns S. D., Grant-Mackie J. A. (1993)	Pakaurangi		sandstone	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene

Recorded Fossils

Accepted Name	Hierarchy	Age
Caryophyllia japonica species	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Caryophyllia : *Caryophyllia japonica*	19 - 15.9 Ma Miocene
Notocyathus conicus species	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Turbinoliidae : Notocyathus : *Notocyathus conicus*	19 - 15.9 Ma Miocene
Trochocyathus paliscus species	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Trochocyathus : *Trochocyathus paliscus*	19 - 15.9 Ma Miocene
Flabellum pavoninum species	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Flabellidae : Flabellum : *Flabellum pavoninum*	19 - 15.9 Ma Miocene
Flabellum planus species	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Flabellidae : Flabellum : *Flabellum planus*	19 - 15.9 Ma Miocene
Flabellum rubrum species	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Flabellidae : Flabellum : *Flabellum rubrum*	19 - 15.9 Ma Miocene
Calyptopora sp. genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Anthoathecata : Stylasteridae : *Calyptopora*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Conopora sp. genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Anthoathecata : Stylasteridae : *Conopora*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Inferiolabiata sp. genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Anthoathecata : Stylasteridae : *Inferiolabiata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Barbatia mundeformata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Barbatia : *Barbatia mundeformata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Tucetona finlayi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Tucetona : *Tucetona finlayi*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Limopsis propeinvalida species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Limopsidae : Limopsis : *Limopsis propeinvalida*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Cratis ovata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Philobryidae : Cratis : *Cratis ovata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Philobrya (Hochstetteria) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Philobryidae : Philobrya : *Philobrya (Hochstetteria)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Nemocardium sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Nemocardium*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Kidderia sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cyamiidae : *Kidderia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Neolepton sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Neoleptonidae : *Neolepton*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Angulus (Peronidia) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Angulus : *Angulus (Peronidia)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Tellina (Tellinella) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : *Tellina (Tellinella)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) subintermedia species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Glyptoactis : *Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) subintermedia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Salaputium sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : *Salaputium*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Hiatella australis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Hiatellidae : Hiatella : *Hiatella arctica*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Gonimyrtea sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : *Gonimyrtea*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Notomyrtea sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : *Notomyrtea*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Jupiteria sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : *Jupiteria*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Ledella sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : *Ledella*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Nuculana sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : *Nuculana*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Saccella sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : *Saccella*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Nucula sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : *Nucula*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Nucula (Linucula) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : *Nucula (Linucula)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Dimya sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Dimyidae : *Dimya*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Lima (Mantellum) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Lima : *Lima (Mantellum)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Chlamys sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : *Chlamys*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Cyclochlamys shepherdi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Cyclochlamydidae : Cyclochlamys : *Cyclochlamys shepherdi*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Parvamussium vafer species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Parvamussium : *Parvamussium vafer*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Corbula (Notocorbula) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Corbulidae : Corbula : *Corbula (Notocorbula)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Borniola kaawaensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Galeommatida : Lasaeidae : Borniola : *Borniola kaawaensis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Chione auriculata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Chione : *Chione auriculata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Pitar (Hyphantosoma) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Pitar : *Pitar (Hyphantosoma)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Mathilda sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Allogastropoda : Mathildidae : *Mathilda*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Mathilda (Brookesena) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Allogastropoda : Mathildidae : Mathilda : *Mathilda (Brookesena)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Graphis sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cimidae : *Graphis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Acteon sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectibranchia : Acteonidae : *Acteon*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Ringicula sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Ringiculidae : *Ringicula*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Kaitoa sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Scaphandridae : *Kaitoa*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Cylichnania sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : *Cylichnania*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Scaphander sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : *Scaphander*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Atys sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Haminoeidae : *Atys*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Bathytoma sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Borsoniidae : *Bathytoma*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Verconella sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : *Verconella*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Cancellaria (Merica) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Cancellaria : *Cancellaria (Merica)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Uromitra sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Costellariidae : *Uromitra*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Clavus sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Drilliidae : *Clavus*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Morum (Oniscidia) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Harpidae : Morum : *Morum (Oniscidia)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Terefundus sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Terefundus*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Nassarius (Hima) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius : *Nassarius (Hima)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Inquisitor sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelatomidae : *Inquisitor*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Comitas sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelatomidae : *Comitas*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Daphnella sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Raphitomidae : *Daphnella*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Nepotilla sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Raphitomidae : *Nepotilla*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Scalaronoba sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eulimidae : *Scalaronoba*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Leucotina sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Amathinidae : *Leucotina*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Schizotrochus sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Anatomidae : *Schizotrochus*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Argalista sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Colloniidae : *Argalista*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Anabathron (Scrobs) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Barleeidae : Anabathron : *Anabathron (Scrobs)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Pisinna sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Barleeidae : *Pisinna*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Caecum (Fartulum) pertenuis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Caecidae : Fartulum : *Caecum (Fartulum) pertenuis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Maurea sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Calliostomatidae : *Maurea*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Socienna sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cerithiopsidae : *Socienna*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Zaclys sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cerithiopsidae : *Zaclys*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Conjectura sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Conradiidae : *Conjectura*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Notadusta trelissickensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cypraeidae : Notadusta : *Notadusta trelissickensis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Eatoniella (Dardanula) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Eatoniellidae : Eatoniella : *Eatoniella (Dardanula)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Eatoniella (Dardanula) praecursor species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Eatoniellidae : Eatoniella : *Eatoniella (Dardanula) praecursor*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Emarginula sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : *Emarginula*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Willungia erro species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ovulidae : Willungia : *Willungia erro*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Cirsotrema sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : *Cirsotrema*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Pliciscala sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : *Opalia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Turriscala sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : *Turriscala*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Melanella badenia species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eulimidae : Melanella : *Melanella badenia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Melanella kaiparaensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eulimidae : Melanella : *Melanella kaiparaensis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Melanella waikomitica species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eulimidae : Melanella : *Melanella waikomitica*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Nozeba sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Iravadiidae : *Nozeba*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Lodderena sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Skeneidae : *Lodderena*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Zeminolia sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : *Zeminolia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Orbitestella sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Orbitestellidae : *Orbitestella*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Chemnitzia sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : *Chemnitzia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Eulimella sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : *Eulimella*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Odostomia sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : *Odostomia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Pyrgolampros sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : *Pyrgolampros*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Syrnola sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : *Syrnola*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Turbonilla sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : *Turbonilla*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Sassia (Sassia) neozelanica species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ranellidae : Sassia : *Sassia (Sassia) neozelanica*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Sassia (Sassia) zealta species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ranellidae : Sassia : *Sassia (Sassia) zealta*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Attenuata inflata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Lironobidae : Attenuata : *Attenuata inflata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Ihungia sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Rissoidae : *Ihungia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Merelina saginata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Lironobidae : Merelina : *Merelina saginata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Pusillina (Haurakia) onerata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Rissoidae : Haurakia : *Pusillina (Haurakia) onerata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Pusillina (Haurakia) sodalis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Rissoidae : Haurakia : *Pusillina (Haurakia) sodalis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Rissoina sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Rissoidae : *Rissoina*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Schismope sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Scissurellidae : *Schismope*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Scissurella sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Scissurellidae : *Scissurella*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Inella zespina species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Triphoridae : Inella : *Inella zespina*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Monophorus sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Triphoridae : *Monophorus*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Triforis neozelanica species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Triphoridae : Triforis : *Triforis neozelanica*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Archierato simulacrum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eratoidae : Archierato : *Archierato simulacrum*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Archierato zepyrulata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eratoidae : Archierato : *Archierato zepyrulata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Bellerato zevitellina species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eratoidae : Bellerato : *Bellerato zevitellina*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Ellatrivia kaiparaensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Triviidae : Ellatrivia : *Ellatrivia kaiparaensis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Lachryma submorosa species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Triviidae : Lachryma : *Lachryma submorosa*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Trivia aequiflora species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Triviidae : Trivia : *Trivia aequiflora*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Antisolarium sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : *Antisolarium*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Conominolia sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : *Conominolia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Zetela sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Solariellidae : *Zetela*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Zetela hutchinsoniana species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Zetela : *Zetela hutchinsoniana*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Crossea (Crosseola) sp. subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Crossea : *Crossea (Crosseola)*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Dolicrossea sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Elachisinidae : *Dolicrossea*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Lissotesta sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Turbinidae : *Lissotesta*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Notosetia sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : *Notosetia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Radinista vivienneae species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Vanikoridae : Radinista : *Radinista vivienneae*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Elachorbis sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Tornidae : *Elachorbis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Lodderia sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Skeneidae : *Lodderia*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Ataxocerithium sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Newtoniellidae : *Ataxocerithium*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Zeradina sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Vanikoridae : *Zeradina*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Zeradina (Naridista) jocelynae species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Planaxidae : Zeradina : *Zeradina (Naridista) jocelynae*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Maoricolpus sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : *Maoricolpus*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Pareora pinguis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Pareora : *Pareora pinguis*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Pareora striolata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Pareora : *Pareora striolata*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene
Cadulus sp. genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Gadilida : Gadilidae : *Cadulus*	21.7 - 19 Ma Miocene

References

Bartrum J. A. (1919) New Fossil Mollusca, Transactions of the New Zealand Institute 51, 96-100

Laws C. R. (1939) The molluscan faunule at Pakaurangi Point, Kaipara - No. 1, Transactions and Proceedings of the royal Society of New Zealand 68 4, 466-503

Laws C. R. (1941) The Molluscan Faunule at Pakaurangi Point, Kaipara. No.2, Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 71, 134-151

Squires D. F. (1958) The Cretaceous and Tertiary corals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 29, 1-107

Squires D. F. (1962) Additional Cretaceous and Tertiary corals from New Zealand, Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Geology 1 9, 133-150

Cernohorsky W. O. (1971) Fossil and recent Cypraeacea (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of New Zealand with descriptions of new species, Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 8, 103-129

Cairns S. D., Grant-Mackie J. A. (1993) Review of the fossil Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the New Zealand region, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 36, 1-8

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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