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Halla, Sweden

FormationHalla
Member(s)B
Djupvik
Mulde Brick-clay
Age:431 - 427 Ma
Silurian
IntervalHomerian
Lithologylimestone, grainstone, rudstone/wackestone, rudstone/grainstone, lime mudstone/marl, "limestone"/claystone, "limestone"/marl, marl/"limestone"
Number of Collections10
Number of Occurrences88

Recorded Sample Locations

LocationRegionStratigraphic Name
Möllbos 1. 3150 m west of Sjonhem Church.Gotland County, SwedenHalla - B
Blahall 1Gotland County, SwedenHalla - Mulde Brick-clay
Blahall localitySwedenHalla - Mulde Brick-clay
Loggarve 2 G90-126LJ Homerian conodontsGotland County, SwedenHalla - Djupvik
Mulde 2 G99-3MCc Homerian conodontsGotland County, SwedenHalla - Djupvik
Valby bodar 2 G93-967LJ Homerian conodontsGotland County, SwedenHalla - Djupvik
Djupvik 1Gotland County, SwedenHalla - Mulde Brick-clay
Eksta areaGotland County, SwedenHalla - Djupvik
Skansudd 1 G87-424LJ Homerian conodontsGotland County, SwedenHalla - Djupvik
Gothemshammar 2Gotland County, SwedenHalla
Gothemshammar 3Gotland County, SwedenHalla
Gothemshammar 9Gotland County, SwedenHalla
Mulde TegelbrukGotland County, SwedenHalla
Gandarve MillGotland County, SwedenHalla
Hörsne CanalGotland County, SwedenHalla
Lilla KarlsöGotland County, SwedenHalla

Associated Units

Stratigraphic NameAgeLithologyOccurrence Records
Halla - B431 - 427 Ma
Silurian
limestone12
Halla - Djupvik431 - 427 Ma
Silurian
grainstone/packstone, wackestone/floatstone, wackestone/grainstone, wackestone, "limestone"101
Halla - Mulde Brick-clay431 - 427 Ma
Silurian
bafflestone, marl, lime mudstone, wackestone/marl25
Halla Beds431 - 427 Ma
Silurian
limestone, "limestone"/"reef rocks"146
Klinteberg431 - 421 Ma
Silurian
limestone, rudstone, grainstone, floatstone47
Mulde431 - 427 Ma
Silurian
limestone, marl11
Mulde - lower part431 - 427 Ma
Silurian
lime mudstone/marl15
Slite428 - 423 Ma
Silurian
limestone, grainstone, marl38
Hemse426 - 423 Ma
Silurian
marl, framestone/rudstone, "limestone", lime mudstone123

Recorded Fossils

Accepted NameHierarchyAge
Allonema silurica
species
7Allonema : Allonema silurica430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Tremataspis sp.
genus
6Tremataspidae : Tremataspis430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Tremataspis schmidti
species
7Tremataspidae : Tremataspis : Tremataspis schmidti430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Leonaspis marklini
species
7Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Odontopleurida : Odontopleuridae : Leonaspis : Leonaspis marklini430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Kozlowskiellina deltidialis
species
7Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Cyrtinopsidae : Kozlowskiellina : Kozlowskiellina deltidialis433.4 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Morinorhynchus adnatus
species
7Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Orthotetida : Chilidiopsidae : Morinorhynchus : Morinorhynchus adnatus433.4 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Leptaenoidea silurica
species
7Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Strophomenidae : Leptaenoidea : Leptaenoidea silurica433.4 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Leptaena (Leptaena) depressa
species
7Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Rafinesquinidae : Leptaena : Leptaena (Leptaena) depressa430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Paralogania martinssoni
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Agnatha : Loganelliformes : Loganelliidae : Paralogania : Paralogania martinssoni430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Distacodus obliquicostatus
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Dapsilodontidae : Dapsilodus : Distacodus obliquicostatus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Oulodus excavatus
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Oulodus : Oulodus excavatus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Oulodus siluricus
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Oulodus : Oulodus siluricus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Belodella sp.
genus
6Animalia : Chordata : Belodontidae : Belodella430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Decoriconus sp.
genus
6Animalia : Chordata : Strachanognathidae : Decoriconus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Oneotodus beckmanni
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Strachanognathidae : Pseudooneotodus : Oneotodus beckmanni430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Pseudooneotodus bicornis
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Strachanognathidae : Pseudooneotodus : Pseudooneotodus bicornis430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Ctenognathodus sp.
genus
6Animalia : Chordata : Kockelellidae : Ctenognathodus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Ctenognathodus murchisoni
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Kockelellidae : Ctenognathodus : Ctenognathodus murchisoni430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Kockelella sp.
genus
6Animalia : Chordata : Kockelellidae : Kockelella430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Kockelella ortus
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Ozarkodinida : Kockelellidae : Kockelella : Kockelella ortus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Ozarkodina sp.
genus
6Animalia : Chordata : Prioniodontidae : Ozarkodina430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Ozarkodina bohemica
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Ozarkodinida : Ozarkodina : Ozarkodina bohemica430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Ozarkodina confluens
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Ozarkodinida : Ozarkodina : Ozarkodina confluens430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Ozarkodina snajdri
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Ozarkodinida : Ozarkodina : Ozarkodina snajdri430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Ozarkodina wimani
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Ozarkodinida : Ozarkodina : Ozarkodina wimani430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Ozarkodina excavata
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Spathognathodontidae : Wurmiella : Ozarkodina excavata430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Paltodus equicostatus
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Distacodontidae : Panderodus : Paltodus equicostatus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Panderodus unicostatus
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Distacodontidae : Panderodus : Panderodus unicostatus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Thelodus laevis
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Coelolepidae : Thelodus : Thelodus laevis430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Auchenaspis verrucosus
species
7Animalia : Chordata : Auchenaspis : Auchenaspis verrucosus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Rhyncholepis sp.
genus
6Animalia : Chordata : Rhyncholepis430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Oeselaspis sp.
genus
6Animalia : Chordata : Petromyzontida : Cephalaspidiformes : Oeselaspis430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Saaremaaspis sp.
genus
6Animalia : Chordata : Petromyzontida : Cephalaspidiformes : Saaremaaspis430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Tryplasma sp.
genus
6Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Tryplasmatidae : Tryplasma430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Favosites gothlandicus
species
7Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : Favosites : Favosites gothlandicus430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Halysites sp.
genus
6Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : Halysites430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Stelliporella sp.
genus
6Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Stelliporellidae : Stelliporella430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Arachnophyllum murchisoni
species
7Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Stauriida : Arachnophyllidae : Arachnophyllum : Arachnophyllum murchisoni430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Entelophyllum sp.
genus
6Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Entelophyllidae : Entelophyllum430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Dokophyllum sp.
genus
6Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Ketophyllidae : Dokophyllum430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Spongophylloides sp.
genus
6Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Ptenophyllidae : Spongophylloides430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Bivalvia
class
3Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Freja sp.
genus
6Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Freja430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Maminka sp.
genus
6Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Stolidotidae : Maminka430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Goniophora sp.
genus
6Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Modiomorphida : Modiomorphidae : Goniophora430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Mytilarca sp.
genus
6Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Ambonychiidae : Mytilarca430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Caesariella sp.
genus
6Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Caesariella430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Nuculoidea sp.
genus
6Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nuculoidea430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Nuculodonta gotlandica
species
7Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Praenuculidae : Nuculodonta : Nuculodonta gotlandica430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Molinicola gotlandica
species
7Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pterineidae : Molinicola : Molinicola gotlandica430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian
Janeia sp.
genus
6Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae : Janeia430.5 - 427.4 Ma
Silurian

References

Bruton D. L. (1967) Silurian Odontopleurid Trilobites from Sweden, Estonia, and Latvia, Palaeontology 10 2, 214-244
Bassett M. G., Cocks L. R. M. (1974) A review of Silurian brachiopods from Gotland, Fossils and Strata 3, 1-56
Liljedahl L. (1985) Ecological aspects of a silicified bivalve fauna from the Silurian of Gotland, Lethaia 18 1, 53-66
Liljedahl L. (1994) Silurian nuculoid and modiomorphid bivalves from Sweden, Fossils and Strata 33, 1-89
Strömberg C. (1997) The conodont genus Ctenognathodus in the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden, M.S. thesis, Geologiska Institutionen, Lunds Universitet, No 85, pp. 56
Calner M., Sandström O., et al (2000) Significance of a halysitid-heliolitid mud-facies autobiostrome from the Middle Silurian of Gotland, Sweden, Palaios 15, 511-523
Calner M., Jeppsson L. (2003) Carbonate platform evolution and conodont stratigraphy during the middle Silurian Mulde Event, Gotland, Sweden, Geological Magazine doi:10.1017/S0016756802007070
Hoel O. A. (2005) Silurian Leptaeninae (Brachiopoda) from Gotland, Sweden, Paläontologische Zeitschrift 79 2, 263-284
Jarochowska E., Munnecke A. (2014) The Paleozoic problematica Wetheredella and Allonema are two aspects of the same organism, Facies 60 2, 651-662
Jarochowska E., Bremer O., et al (2016) End-Wenlock terminal Mulde carbon isotope excursion in Gotland, Sweden: Integration of stratigraphy and taphonomy for correlations across restricted facies and specialized faunas, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 457, 304-322
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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