Learning Center What is a mineral?The most common minerals on earth Information for Educators Mindat Articles The Elements The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Geologic Time

Minerals by Properties Minerals by Chemistry Advanced Locality Search Random Mineral Random Locality Search by minID Localities Near Me Search Articles Search Glossary More Search Options

The Mindat Manual Add a New Photo Rate Photos Locality Edit Report Coordinate Completion Report Add Glossary Item

Mining Companies Statistics Users Mineral Museums Clubs & Organizations Mineral Shows & Events The Mindat Directory Device Settings The Mineral Quiz

Photo Search Photo Galleries Search by Color New Photos Today New Photos Yesterday Members' Photo Galleries Past Photo of the Day Gallery Photography

BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Encope

Photos

Photo Gallery

Encope macrophora tamiamiensis

Florida, USA

Encope macrophora tamiamiensis

Florida, USA

Encope macrophora tamiamiensis

Florida, USA

Encope macrophora tamiamiensis

Florida, USA

Encope macrophora tamiamiensis

Florida, USA

Encope macrophora tamiamiensis

Florida, USA

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2279051	https://www.gbif.org/species/2279051
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	33124	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=33124

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : Encope

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : Encope

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata	Klein 1754
subphylum	Echinozoa	von Zittel 1895
class	Echinoidea
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
superorder	Acroechinoidea
-	Carinacea	Kroh and Smith 2010
-	Irregularia
-	Microstomata	Smith 1984
-	Neognathostomata	Smith 1981
order	Clypeasteroida	Agassiz 1836
suborder	Scutellina
infraorder	Scutelliformes	Haeckel 1896
family	Mellitidae	Stefanini 1912
genus	Encope	L.Agassiz 1840

Scientific Name

Encope L.Agassiz, 1840

Name Published In

[Cat. Ect. Ech.]

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Encope	genus	belongs to Scutellidae	stated without evidence	Clark and Twitchell, 1915
Encope	genus	belongs to Scutellidae	stated without evidence	Grant and Hertlein, 1938
Encope	genus	belongs to Scutellidae	stated without evidence	Cooke, 1942
Encope	genus	belongs to Mellitidae	stated without evidence	Durham, 1966
Encope	genus	belongs to Clypeasteroida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

2 (9.5%)

First Recorded Appearance

23.0 - 13.8 Ma
Miocene

Environment

marine (based on Echinodermata)

Motility

slow-moving (based on Clypeasteroida)

Vision

limited (based on Echinoidea)

Diet

detritivore (based on Clypeasteroida)

Reproduction

dispersal=water,planktonic (based on Echinodermata)

Ontogeny

accretion,addition of parts (based on Echinodermata)

Taphonomy

high Mg calcite (based on Echinoidea)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

L. Agassiz. 1840. Catalogus systematicus Ectyporum Echinodermatum fossilium Musei Neocomiensis, secundum ordinem zoologicum dispositus; adjectis synonymis recentioribus, nec non stratis et locis in quibus reperiuntur. Sequuntur characteres diagnostici generum novorum vel minus cognitorum. Petitpierre, Neuchâtel

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Encope aberrans species	listed (PBDB)		3	11.6 Ma Miocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Encope angelensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope annectans ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Encope arcensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope californica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Encope carmenensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope chaneyi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope chilensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Encope ciae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Encope emarginata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	5.33 Ma Miocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Encope falconensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope gatunensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope grandis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Encope homala species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope kugleri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope laevis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope loretoensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope macrophora ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	5.33 Ma Miocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Encope megatrema ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Encope michelini species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Encope michoacanensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope micropora ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	5.33 Ma Miocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Encope occidentalis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Encope pacifica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope perspectiva ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Encope peruviana ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Encope platytata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Encope scrippsae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope secoensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope shepherdi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope sverdrupi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope tatetlaensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Encope tenuis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	7.25 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Encope vonderschmitti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope wetmorei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Encope wiedenmayeri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Desmoulinaster Lambert & Thiéry, 1914	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : *Desmoulinaster*
Moulinia L.Agassiz, 1841	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : *Moulinia*
Echinoglycus Gray, 1855	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : *Echinoglycus*
Macrophora Conrad, 1865	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : *Macrophora*
Ravenellia Lütken, 1864	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : *Ravenellia*
Echinoglyphus Gray, 1852	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : *Echinoglyphus*
Moulinsia L.Agassiz, 1847	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : *Moulinsia*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1840	Encope Agassiz pp. 6, 17
1915	Encope Clark and Twitchell p. 206
1938	Encope Grant and Hertlein p. 95
1942	Encope Cooke p. 19
1966	Encope Durham p. U485
2002	Encope Sepkoski, Jr.

References

Agassiz L. , Catalogus systematicus Ectyporum Echinodermatum fossilium Musei Neocomiensis, secundum ordinem zoologicum dispositus; adjectis synonymis recentioribus, nec non stratis et locis in quibus reperiuntur. Sequuntur characteres diagnostici generum novorum vel minus cognitorum. Petitpierre, Neuchâtel, 1-20

Clark W. B., Twitchell M. W. (1915) The Mesozoic and Cenozoic Echinodermata of the United States, United States Geological Survey Bulletin 54, 1-341

Grant U. S., Hertlein L. G. (1938) The West American Cenozoic Echinoidea, Publications of the University of California at Los Angeles in Mathematical and Physical Sciences 2, 1-225

Cooke C. W. (1942) Cenozoic irregular echinoids of the Eastern United States, Journal of Paleontology 16, 1-62

Durham J. W. (1966) Clypeasteroids, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology,Part U Echinodermata 3. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press 2, U450-U491

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Fell, 1982 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

[Cat. Ect. Ech.] - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Phelan, T. F., 1972: Comments on the Echinoid Genus Encope, and a New Subgenus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, vol. 85, no. 8. 109-130. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

Quick NavTop External Images Fossil Distribution Subtaxa Obsolete Names Synonymy List References

Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: April 29, 2024 22:18:26

Go to top of page