Symesite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Symesite
Bob Symes and his book
Formula:
Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O
Colour:
Pink
Lustre:
Adamantine, Vitreous
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
7.3
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named for Robert Frederick Symes (10 February 1939, Harrow, London, UK - 23 May 2016, Exeter, England, UK) of the Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, London, England.
Type Locality:
Related to mereheadite.
Krivovichev et al. (2009) mention a possible carbonate analogue of symesite.
Krivovichev et al. (2009) mention a possible carbonate analogue of symesite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
11033
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:11033:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
5f7e1158-a059-409a-8f82-65e7ff465908
IMA Classification of Symesite
Classification of Symesite
3.DC.60
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Sy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Symesite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Symesite
Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
"adamantine" added, since Welch et al. (2000) indicate R.I. > 2
Colour:
Pink
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Density:
7.3(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 7.23 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Symesite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 2.120 nγ = 2.160
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.040
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Anisotropism:
weak anisotropy in crossed polars
Dispersion:
r < v
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 | R2 | imR1 | imR2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 17.20% | 17.95% | 5.07% | 5.65% |
| 420nm | 16.50% | 17.40% | 4.69% | 5.28% |
| 440nm | 15.90% | 16.90% | 4.40% | 4.99% |
| 460nm | 15.50% | 16.50% | 4.17% | 4.77% |
| 470nm | 15.20% | 16.30% | 4.07% | 4.67% |
| 480nm | 15.10% | 16.10% | 3.98% | 4.58% |
| 500nm | 14.90% | 15.80% | 3.83% | 4.43% |
| 520nm | 14.50% | 15.50% | 3.70% | 4.30% |
| 540nm | 14.30% | 15.30% | 3.61% | 4.19% |
| 546nm | 14.20% | 15.30% | 3.59% | 4.17% |
| 560nm | 14.10% | 15.20% | 3.53% | 4.11% |
| 580nm | 14.00% | 15.00% | 3.47% | 4.05% |
| 589nm | 13.90% | 15.00% | 3.44% | 4.02% |
| 600nm | 13.90% | 14.90% | 3.43% | 3.99% |
| 620nm | 13.80% | 14.80% | 3.39% | 3.96% |
| 640nm | 13.80% | 14.80% | 3.37% | 3.93% |
| 660nm | 13.70% | 14.70% | 3.34% | 3.90% |
| 680nm | 13.60% | 14.65% | 3.32% | 3.88% |
| 700nm | 13.60% | 14.60% | 3.30% | 3.86% |
| nm | % | % | % | % |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 17.95%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:
grey
Chemistry of Symesite
Mindat Formula:
Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O
Crystallography of Symesite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.821(6) Å, b = 10.776(6) Å, c = 13.134(7) Å
α = 68.96(4)°, β = 86.52(5)°, γ = 75.65(4)°
α = 68.96(4)°, β = 86.52(5)°, γ = 75.65(4)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.819 : 1 : 1.219
Unit Cell V:
1128.4 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Aggregates of blocky crystals.
Comment:
Welch et al. (2000) use non-standard setting: space group B-1, with a = 19.727(2), b = 8.796(1), c = 13.631(2) Å, alpha = 82.21(1), beta = 78.08(1), gamma = 100.04(1)°, V = 2242.4(5) Å3, Z = 4. P > B transformation matrix is [0-1-1|100|01-1]
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0002592 | Symesite | Welch M D, Cooper M A, Hawthorne F C, Criddle A J (2000) Symesite, Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4(H2O), a new PbO-related sheet mineral: Description and crystal structure American Mineralogist 85 1526-1533 |  | 2000 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.911 Å | (100) |
| 3.286 Å | (90) |
| 2.955 Å | (90) |
| 2.793 Å | (80) |
| 6.573 Å | (40) |
| 3.768 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Symesite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum, London (Specimen # BM1998,37).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidised zone of Mn-Pb-Cu deposit.
Synonyms of Symesite
Other Language Names for Symesite
Relationship of Symesite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 3 photos of Symesite associated with Mereheadite | Pb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2 |
| 3 photos of Symesite associated with Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 2 photos of Symesite associated with Rickturnerite | Pb7O4[Mg(OH)4](OH)Cl3 |
| 1 photo of Symesite associated with Chloroxiphite | Pb3CuO2Cl2(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Symesite associated with Paralaurionite | PbCl(OH) |
| 1 photo of Symesite associated with Somersetite | Pb8O2(OH)2(CO3)5 |
| 1 photo of Symesite associated with Plumbonacrite | Pb5O(OH)2(CO3)3 |
| 1 photo of Symesite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 3.DC. | Lucabindiite | (K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br) |
| 3.DC. | Torrecillasite | Na(As,Sb)3+4O6Cl |
| 3.DC. | Gajardoite | KCa0.5As3+4O6Cl2 · 5H2O |
| 3.DC. | Cuatrocapaite-(NH₄) | (NH4)3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2O |
| 3.DC. | Cuatrocapaite-(K) | K3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2O |
| 3.DC. | Napoliite | Pb2OFCl |
| 3.DC.05 | Laurionite | PbCl(OH) |
| 3.DC.05 | Paralaurionite | PbCl(OH) |
| 3.DC.05 | Russoite | (NH4)ClAs2O3(H2O)0.5 |
| 3.DC.05 | Mauriziodiniite | (NH4)(As2O3)2I |
| 3.DC.10 | Fiedlerite | Pb3FCl4(OH) · H2O |
| 3.DC.15 | Penfieldite | Pb2Cl3(OH) |
| 3.DC.15 | Telluroperite | Pb3TeO4Cl2 |
| 3.DC.20 | Laurelite | Pb7F12Cl2 |
| 3.DC.25 | Bismoclite | BiOCl |
| 3.DC.25 | Matlockite | PbFCl |
| 3.DC.25 | Rorisite | CaFCl |
| 3.DC.25 | Zavaritskite | (BiO)F |
| 3.DC.25 | Zhangpeishanite | BaFCl |
| 3.DC.30 | Nadorite | PbSbClO2 |
| 3.DC.30 | Perite | PbBiClO2 |
| 3.DC.40 | Thorikosite | Pb3Cl2(OH)(SbO3,AsO3) |
| 3.DC.45 | Mereheadite | Pb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2 |
| 3.DC.50 | Blixite | Pb8O5(OH)2Cl4 |
| 3.DC.52 | Rumseyite | Pb2OClF |
| 3.DC.55 | Pinalite | Pb3WO5Cl2 |
| 3.DC.55 | Vladkrivovichevite | [Pb32O18][Pb4Mn2O]Cl14(BO3)8 · 2H2O |
| 3.DC.57 | Yeomanite | Pb2O(OH)Cl |
| 3.DC.60 | Lorettoite | Pb7O6Cl2 |
| 3.DC.62 | Sarawakite (of Frenzel) | Sb, O, Cl (?) |
| 3.DC.65 | Ecdemite | Pb6Cl4(As2O7) |
| 3.DC.70 | Mendipite | Pb3Cl2O2 |
| 3.DC.75 | Damaraite | Pb3Cl(OH)O2 |
| 3.DC.80 | Onoratoite | Sb8Cl2O11 |
| 3.DC.95 | Barstowite | Pb4Cl6(CO3) · H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Symesite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-11033.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Symesite
Reference List:
Welch, Mark D., Cooper, Mark A., Hawthorne, Frank C., Criddle, Alan J. (2000) Symesite, Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4(H2O), a new PbO-related sheet mineral: Description and crystal structure. American Mineralogist, 85 (10) 1526-1533 doi:10.2138/am-2000-1026
Localities for Symesite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany | |
| Lapis 25 (12) +1 other reference |
UK (TL) | |
| Welch et al. (2000) +2 other references |
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Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Mendip, Somerset, England, UK