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Sakhaite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Photos of Sakhaite (10)

Sakhaite Gallery Search Photos of Sakhaite

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Sakhaite, etc.

Titovskoe B deposit, Tas-Khayakhtakh Range, Dogdo River Basin, Polar Yakutia, Sakha, Russia

Sakhaite, etc.

Solongo B deposit, Ozernoe ore cluster, Yeravninsky District, Buryatia, Russia

Sakhaite, etc.

Solongo B deposit, Ozernoe ore cluster, Yeravninsky District, Buryatia, Russia

Sakhaite, etc.

Titovskoe B deposit, Tas-Khayakhtakh Range, Dogdo River Basin, Polar Yakutia, Sakha, Russia

Sakhaite, etc.

Solongo B deposit, Ozernoe ore cluster, Yeravninsky District, Buryatia, Russia

Sakhaite, etc.

Solongo B deposit, Ozernoe ore cluster, Yeravninsky District, Buryatia, Russia

Sakhaite, etc.

Titovskoe B deposit, Tas-Khayakhtakh Range, Dogdo River Basin, Polar Yakutia, Sakha, Russia

Sakhaite, etc.

Solongo B deposit, Ozernoe ore cluster, Yeravninsky District, Buryatia, Russia

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About SakhaiteHide

Sunset at Lake Kucherla

Lake Kucherla, Ust-Koksinsky District, Altai Republic, Russia

Formula:

Ca₄₈Mg₁₆(BO₃)₃₂(CO₃)₁₆ · 2(H₂O,HCl)

Formerly given as Ca₁₂Mg₄(BO₃)₇(CO₃)₄(OH)₂Cl

Evans et al. (2018) give the formula as ~Ca₄₈Mg₁₆(BO₃)₃₂(CO₃)₁₆(HCl,H₂O)₂

Finally accepted formula is given above.

Colour:

Colourless, gray to grayish white

Lustre:

Greasy

Hardness:

Specific Gravity:

2.78 - 2.83

Crystal System:

Isometric

Name:

From Sakha, the name for Siberia in the language of Yakutsk.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Titovskoe B deposit, Tas-Khayakhtakh Range, Dogdo River Basin, Polar Yakutia, Sakha, Russia

Structurally related to harkerite with which it forms a solid solution (Sakhaite-Harkerite solid solution). Also chemically and structurally (at least in terms of the crystal system) related to UM1990-59-SiO:AlBCHMg.

Seems to be (in particular) a hydrochloride (chlorhydrate).

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3504

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3504:6

GUID
(UUID V4):

7b229017-dfe0-4bdf-a5fe-040c3693459f

IMA Classification of SakhaiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA status notes:

Redefined by the IMA

Approval year:

1965

First published:

1966

Approval history:

Formula redefined due to the data from the Newsletter #60 (Miyawaki et al. 2021).

Type description reference:

Ostrovskaya I.V., Pertsev N.N., Nikitina I.B. (1966) Sakhaite, a new carbonate-borate of calcium and magnesium. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 95(2): 193-202.

Classification of SakhaiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

6.AB.65

6 : BORATES
A : Monoborates
B : BO₃, with additional anions; 1(D) + OH, etc.

Dana 8th ed.:

27.1.4.1

27 : COMPOUND BORATES
1 : Miscellaneous

Hey's CIM Ref.:

10.4.4

10 : Borates with other anions
4 : Borates with carbonate

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Skh	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of SakhaiteHide

Lustre:

Greasy

Transparency:

Transparent

Colour:

Colourless, gray to grayish white

Hardness:

5 on Mohs scale

Density:

2.78 - 2.83 g/cm³ (Measured) 2.79 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of SakhaiteHide

Type:

Isotropic

RI values:

n = 1.638 - 1.641

Birefringence:

Isotropic minerals have no birefringence

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Chemistry of SakhaiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Ca₄₈Mg₁₆(BO₃)₃₂(CO₃)₁₆ · 2(H₂O,HCl)

Formerly given as Ca₁₂Mg₄(BO₃)₇(CO₃)₄(OH)₂Cl

Evans et al. (2018) give the formula as ~Ca₄₈Mg₁₆(BO₃)₃₂(CO₃)₁₆(HCl,H₂O)₂

Finally accepted formula is given above.

Elements listed:

B, C, Ca, Cl, H, Mg, O - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of SakhaiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral

Space Group:

Fd3m

Cell Parameters:

a = 14.685(3) Å

Unit Cell V:

3,166.81 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0012390	Sakhaite	Yakubovich O V, Steele I M, Gavrilenko P G, Urusov V S (2005) Crystal structure of sakhaite from the Solongo deposit in connection with the crystal chemical interpretation of the sakhaite-harkerite mineral series Crystallography Reports 50 226-234		2005	Solongo deposit, Vitim Plateau, Buryatia, Zabaykalye, Russia	0	293
0012459	Sakhaite	Yakubovich O V, Egorov-Tismenko Y K, Simonov M A, Belov N V (1978) Crystal structure of natural sakhaite Ca3Mg[BO3]2[CO3]0.36H2O* Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 239 1103-1106		1978		0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Sakhaite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Yakubovich O V'
'Steele I M'
'Gavrilenko P G'
'Urusov V S'
_journal_name_full 'Crystallography Reports'
_journal_volume 50 
_journal_year 2005
_journal_page_first 226
_journal_page_last 234
_publ_section_title
;
 Crystal structure of sakhaite from the Solongo deposit in connection with
 the crystal chemical interpretation of the sakhaite-harkerite mineral series
;
_database_code_amcsd 0012390
_chemical_compound_source 'Solongo deposit, Vitim Plateau, Buryatia, Zabaykalye, Russia'
_chemical_formula_sum '(Mg1.649 Fe.351) Ca6 C2 B3.51 Si.49 Al.12 O18.888 Cl.408 H.816'
_cell_length_a 14.679
_cell_length_b 14.679
_cell_length_c 14.679
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 3162.929
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      2.926
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'F d 3 m'
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loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Mg   0.00000   0.50000   0.00000   0.82460   0.00880
Fe   0.00000   0.50000   0.00000   0.17540   0.00880
Ca   0.12500   0.37706   0.12500   1.00000   0.02490
C   0.25000   0.25000   0.00000   1.00000   0.06200
B  -0.03510   0.28510  -0.03510   0.87740   0.01200
Si  -0.01170   0.26170  -0.01170   0.12260   0.01200
Al   0.37500   0.37500  -0.12500   0.12000   0.06000
O1   0.00590   0.36030   0.00590   0.88000   0.02220
O1*  -0.00500   0.37000  -0.00500   0.12000   0.02220
O2   0.22960   0.33300   0.02040   0.50000   0.06400
O3   0.44200   0.30800  -0.05800   0.12000   0.06000
Wat4   0.35000   0.40000  -0.15000   0.10200   0.13000
Clhcl   0.35000   0.40000  -0.15000   0.10200   0.13000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
2.58 Å	(100)
2.108 Å	(56)
5.16 Å	(22)
1.827 Å	(21)
1.951 Å	(14)
2.81 Å	(13)
1.491 Å	(12)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations

Type Occurrence of SakhaiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Titovskoe B deposit, Tas-Khayakhtakh Range, Dogdo River Basin, Polar Yakutia, Sakha, Russia

General Appearance of Type Material:

Massive, in veinlets.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, number 67237.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Found at the contact of a Mesozoic granitic massif with Middle and Lower Paleozoic dolomites. Occurs in lens-like bodies formed by the partial or complete replacement of kotoite marbles.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Szaibélyite	Suanite	Spinel	Sphalerite	Ludwigite
Kotoite	Forsterite	Clinohumite	Calcite	Borcarite

Reference:

Ostrovskaya I.V., Pertsev N.N., Nikitina I.B. (1966) Sakhaite, a new carbonate-borate of calcium and magnesium. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 95(2): 193-202.

Synonyms of SakhaiteHide

IMA1965-035

Other Language Names for SakhaiteHide

German:Sakhait

Russian:Сахаит

Simplified Chinese:碳硼钙镁石
萨哈石

Spanish:Sakhaita

Traditional Chinese:碳硼鈣鎂石
薩哈石

Relationship of Sakhaite to other SpeciesHide

Forms a series with:

Harkerite

Sakhaite-Harkerite solid solution

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

7 photos of Sakhaite associated with Ludwigite	Mg₂Fe³⁺(BO₃)O₂
5 photos of Sakhaite associated with Olshanskyite	Ca₂[B₃O₃(OH)₆](OH) · 3H₂O
2 photos of Sakhaite associated with Kurchatovite	Ca(Mg,Mn²⁺)[B₂O₅]
1 photo of Sakhaite associated with Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
1 photo of Sakhaite associated with Löllingite	FeAs₂

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

6.AB.	Rhabdoborite-(Mo)	Mg₁₂Mo⁶⁺_1.33O₆(BO₃)₆F₂	Hex. 6 : P6₃
6.AB.	Chubarovite	KZn₂(BO₃)Cl₂	Trig. 3 2 : R3 2
6.AB.	Savelievaite	Mg₂Cr³⁺O₂(BO₃)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.05	Hambergite	Be₂(BO₃)(OH)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
6.AB.10	Berborite	Be₂(BO₃)(OH,F) · H₂O	Trig.
6.AB.15	Jeremejevite	Al₆(BO₃)₅(F,OH)₃	Hex. 6/m : P6₃/m
6.AB.20	Warwickite	(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)₂O(BO₃)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.20	Yuanfuliite	Mg(Fe³⁺,Al)O(BO₃)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.25	Karlite	(Mg,Al)_6.5(BO₃)₃(OH)₄(◻,Cl)_0.5	Orth. 2 2 2 : P2₁ 2₁ 2
6.AB.30	Azoproite	(Mg,Fe²⁺)₂(Fe³⁺,Ti,Mg)(BO₃)O₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30	Bonaccordite	Ni₂Fe³⁺(BO₃)O₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30	Fredrikssonite	Mg₂(Mn³⁺,Fe³⁺)(BO₃)O₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30	Ludwigite	Mg₂Fe³⁺(BO₃)O₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30	Vonsenite	Fe²⁺₂Fe³⁺(BO₃)O₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30	Marinaite	Cu₂Fe³⁺O₂(BO₃)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
6.AB.35	Pinakiolite	(Mg,Mn²⁺)₂Mn³⁺(BO₃)O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
6.AB.35	Folvikite	Sb⁵⁺Mn³⁺(Mg,Mn²⁺)₁₀O₈(BO₃)₄	Mon. 2 : P2
6.AB.40	Blatterite	Sb⁵⁺₃(Mn³⁺,Fe³⁺)₉(Mn²⁺,Mg)₃₅(BO₃)₁₆O₃₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.40	Chestermanite	Mg₂(Fe³⁺,Mn³⁺,Al,Sb³⁺)(BO₃)O₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
6.AB.40	Orthopinakiolite	(Mg,Mn²⁺)₂Mn³⁺(BO₃)O₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.40	Takéuchiite	(Mg,Mn²⁺)₂(Mn³⁺,Fe³⁺)(BO₃)O₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.45	Hulsite	(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂(Fe³⁺,Sn)(BO₃)O₂	Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.45	Magnesiohulsite	(Mg,Fe²⁺)₂(Fe³⁺,Sn,Mg)(BO₃)O₂	Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.45	Aluminomagnesiohulsite	(Mg,Fe²⁺)₂(Al,Mg,Sn)(BO₃)O₂	Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.50	Fluoborite	Mg₃(BO₃)(F,OH)₃	Hex. 6/m : P6₃/m
6.AB.50	Hydroxylborite	Mg₃(BO₃)(OH)₃	Hex. 6/m : P6₃/m
6.AB.55	Shabynite	Mg₅(BO₃)(OH)₅(Cl,OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon.
6.AB.55	Wightmanite	Mg₅(BO₃)O(OH)₅ · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m
6.AB.60	Gaudefroyite	Ca₄Mn³⁺_2-3(BO₃)₃(CO₃)(O,OH)₃	Hex.
6.AB.70	Harkerite	Ca₄₈Mg₁₆[AlSi₄O₁₅(OH)]₄(BO₃)₁₆(CO₃)₁₆ · 2(H₂O,HCl)	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
6.AB.75	Pertsevite-(F)	Mg₂(BO₃)(F,OH)	Orth. mm2 : Pna2₁
6.AB.75	Pertsevite-(OH)	Mg₂(BO₃)(OH)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.80	Jacquesdietrichite	Cu₂(H₂BO₃)(OH)₃	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
6.AB.85	Painite	CaZrAl₉(BO₃)O₁₅	Hex. 6/m : P6₃/m
6.AB.85	Rhabdoborite-(V)	Mg₁₂(V⁵⁺,Mo⁶⁺,W⁶⁺)_1.5O₆{[BO₃]_6-x[(P,As)O₄]_xF_2-x} (x < 1)	Hex. 6 : P6₃
6.AB.85	Rhabdoborite-(W)	Mg₁₂(W⁶⁺,V⁵⁺)_1.5O₆{[BO₃]_6-x[(P,As)O₄]_xF_2-x}	Hex. 6 : P6₃
6.AB.90	Mengxianminite	(Ca,Na)₂Sn₂(Mg,Fe)₃Al₈[(BO₃)(BeO₄)O₆]₂	Orth. mm2 : Fdd2

Other InformationHide

IR Spectrum:

The IR absorption spectrum indicates the presence of BO3 groups, but not of tetrahedral BO4-groups; the presence of strong hydrogen bonding is also indicated.

Thermal Behaviour:

DTA shows a double endothermic peak in the interval 670°-870°, corresponding to the loss of C02; dehydration occurs in the interval 340-450°.

Notes:

Readily soluble in acids, including acetic acid.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for SakhaiteHide

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

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References for SakhaiteHide

Reference List:

Soviet Physics – Doklady: 23: 225-226.

Ostrovskaya I.V., Pertsev N.N., Nikitina I.B. (1966) Sakhaite, a new carbonate-borate of calcium and magnesium. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 95(2): 193-202. (in Russian)

Fleischer, M. (1966) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 51: 1815-1820 (1817).

Ostrovskaya I.V., Pertsev N.N., Nikitina I.B. (1966) Sakhaite, a new carbonate-borate of calcium and magnesium. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 95(2): 193-202.

Fleischer, M. (1969) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 54: 326-330.

Davies, W.O., Machin, M.P. (1970) Isomorphous replacements in harkerite and the relation of sakhaite to harkerite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 10: 689-695.

Giuseppetti, Giuseppe, Mazzi, Fiorenzo, Tadini, Carla (1977) The crystal structure of harkerite. American Mineralogist, 62 (3-4) 263-272

Yakubovich, O.V., Egorov-Tismenko, Y.K., Simonov, M.A., Belov, N.V. (1978) Crystal structure of natural sakhaite Ca3Mg[BO3]2[CO3]·0.36H2O. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 239: 1103-1106.

Dunn, Pete J., Peacor, Donald R., Nelen, Joseph A., Ramik, Robert A., Innes, John (1990) A sakhaite-like mineral from the Kombat Mine in Namibia. Mineralogical Magazine, 54 (374) 105-108 doi:10.1180/minmag.1990.054.374.11

Grew, Edward S., Anovitz, Lawrence M., Grew, Edward S., Anovitz, Lawrence M. - Eds. (1996) Boron - Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry. Reviews in Mineralogy Vol. 33. Mineralogical Society of America

Liu, X., Yang, G., Zou, H., Qu, J., Zhao, W. (2004) Electron microscopy study of the sakhaite from endogenous borate deposit in Hunan, China. Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences): 47(3): 232-238.

Yakubovich, O.V., Still, I.M., Gavrilenko, P.G., Urusov, V.S. (2005) Crystal Structure of Sakhaite from the Solongo Deposit in Connection with the Crystallochemical Interpretation of the Sakhaite-Harkerite Mineral Series. Crystallography Reports: 50: 194-202.

Frost, Ray L., Xi, Yunfei (2012) Assessment of the molecular structure of the borate mineral sakhaite Ca₁₂Mg₄(BO₃)₇(CO₃)₄Cl(OH)₂·H₂O using vibrational spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 96. 611-616 doi:10.1016/j.saa.2012.07.042

Evans, R. James, Groat, Lee A., Cempírek, Jan, Škoda, Radek, Grew, Edward S., Bernard, Cyrielle (2018) The crystal chemistry of the sakhaite–harkerite solid solution. American Mineralogist, 103 (11) 1749-1760 doi:10.2138/am-2018-6563

Miyawaki, R., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., & Mills, S. (2021). Newsletter 60. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 454-458.

(2023) Sakhaite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for SakhaiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


China
Hunan Hengyang Changning Co. Dayishan Sn-polymetallic ore field ⓘ Banbianjie prospect	Rongwen Zhou and Zhishun Chen (1991)
ⓘ Qiliping Sn-Fe deposit	Yang Guangming et al. (1985) +1 other reference

Namibia
Otjozondjupa Region Otavi Constituency Kombat ⓘ Kombat Mine	Dunn (1991)

North Korea
North Hwanghae Province Suan County ⓘ Hol Kol Mine (Holgol; Suan; Namjong)	Handbook of Mineralogy

Russia
Buryatia Yeravninsky District Ozernoe ore cluster ⓘ Solongo B deposit	[AmMin 85:1322] +2 other references
Irkutsk Oblast Nizhneilimsky District Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsky ⓘ Korshunovskoye iron deposit	Mazurov et al. (2007) +1 other reference
Sakha Polar Yakutia Dogdo River Basin Tas-Khayakhtakh Range ⓘ Titovskoe B deposit (TL)	Ostrovskaya et al. (1966) +1 other reference
Izvestkovyi Stream ⓘ Snezhnoe B ore occurrence	Galuskina et al. (2008)

Sakhaite

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