Crowningshieldite
A valid IMA mineral species
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G. Robert Crowningshield
Formula:
(Ni0.9Fe0.10)S
Colour:
bronze yellow
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3 - 3½
Specific Gravity:
5.47 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
Named in honor of George Robert Crowningshield (16 June 1919, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA – 8 November 2006, Hightstown, New Jersey, USA), a researcher with the Gemological Institute of America (GIA). Among other accomplishments, he discovered a spectroscopic feature for detecting yellow irradiated diamonds, and helped develop the institute’s diamond grading system in the 1950s.
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
53146
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:53146:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
b53cc7d9-73f4-4df0-aa4c-62a417e5ee5c
IMA Classification of Crowningshieldite
Approved
IMA Formula:
(Ni0.9Fe0.1)S
First published:
2021
Classification of Crowningshieldite
2.CC.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
C : With Ni, Fe, Co, PGE, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
C : With Ni, Fe, Co, PGE, etc.
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Csh | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Crowningshieldite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
bronze yellow
Hardness:
3 - 3½ on Mohs scale
Comment:
by analogy to millerite
Density:
5.47(1) g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Crowningshieldite
Mindat Formula:
(Ni0.9Fe0.10)S
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Crowningshieldite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P63/mmc
Setting:
P63/mmc
Cell Parameters:
a = 3.44(1) Å, c = 5.36(1) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.558
Unit Cell V:
54.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.978 Å | (53) |
| 2.693 Å | (17) |
| 2.608 Å | (35) |
| 1.992 Å | (100) |
| 1.718 Å | (55) |
| 1.453 Å | (7) |
| 1.332 Å | (7) |
| 1.304 Å | (17) |
Comments:
From Type Description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Crowningshieldite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the Mineralogical Museum, University of Padova, Via Giotto 1, I-35121, Padova, Italy, catalogue number MM 20501 (holotype), and the Gemological Institute of America Museum, Carlsbad, California 92008, USA
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Part of multiphase inclusion in diamond
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Smith, E.M., Nestola, F., Pasqualetto, L., Zorzi, F., Secco, L., Wang, W. (2021) The new mineral crowningshieldite: A high-temperature NiS polymorph found in a type IIa diamond from the Letseng mine, Lesotho. American Mineralogist: 106: 301–308.
Synonyms of Crowningshieldite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.CC. | Tilkerodeite | Pd2HgSe3 |
| 2.CC. | UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh | (Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)9S11 |
| 2.CC. | Eliopoulosite | V7S8 |
| 2.CC. | Kuvaevite | Ir5Ni10S16 |
| 2.CC. | Torryweiserite | Rh5Ni10S16 |
| 2.CC. | Tamuraite | Ir5Fe10S16 |
| 2.CC. | Ferrotorryweiserite | Rh5Fe10S16 |
| 2.CC.05 | Achávalite | FeSe |
| 2.CC.05 | Breithauptite | NiSb |
| 2.CC.05 | Freboldite | CoSe |
| 2.CC.05 | Kotulskite | Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4) |
| 2.CC.05 | Langisite | CoAs |
| 2.CC.05 | Nickeline | NiAs |
| 2.CC.05 | Sederholmite | beta-NiSe |
| 2.CC.05 | Sobolevskite | PdBi |
| 2.CC.05 | Stumpflite | PtSb |
| 2.CC.05 | Sudburyite | PdSb |
| 2.CC.05 | Jaipurite | CoS |
| 2.CC.05 | Zlatogorite | NiCuSb2 |
| 2.CC.10 | Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| 2.CC.10 | Smythite | (Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3) |
| 2.CC.10 | Troilite | FeS |
| 2.CC.15 | Cherepanovite | RhAs |
| 2.CC.15 | Modderite | (Co,Fe)As |
| 2.CC.15 | Ruthenarsenite | (Ru,Ni)As |
| 2.CC.15 | Westerveldite | (Fe,Ni,Co)As |
| 2.CC.15 | Minakawaite | RhSb |
| 2.CC.20 | Millerite | NiS |
| 2.CC.20 | Mäkinenite | γ-NiSe |
| 2.CC.20 | UM1990-38-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh | (Ni,Fe,Rh,Cu,Ir,Pt)S |
| 2.CC.25 | Mackinawite | FeS |
| 2.CC.30 | Hexatestibiopanickelite | (Pd,Ni)(Sb,Te) ? |
| 2.CC.30 | Vavřínite | Ni2SbTe2 |
| 2.CC.35a | Braggite | PdPt3S4 |
| 2.CC.35b | Cooperite | PtS |
| 2.CC.35a | Vysotskite | PdS |
| 2.CC.45 | Jacutingaite | Pt2HgSe3 |
| 2.CC.50 | Imgreite | NiTe (?) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Crowningshieldite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-53146.html
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External Links:
References for Crowningshieldite
Localities for Crowningshieldite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Lesotho (TL) | |
| Mineralogical Magazine +2 other references |
