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Kangite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Edit Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Formula:

(Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,◻)₂O₃

Crystal System:

Isometric

Name:

Named by Chi Ma, Oliver Tschauner, John R. Beckett, George R. Rossman, and Wenjun Liu in 2012. The name is derived from “kang,” the Chinese word for the element scandium.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Allende meteorite, Pueblito de Allende, Chihuahua, Mexico

Basically impure Sc₂O₃ which is well known as a synthetic compound.

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Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

42879

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:42879:8

GUID
(UUID V4):

adeb87eb-b935-4377-9228-8253f3dbea67

IMA Classification of KangiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

(Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,◻)₂O₃

Approval year:

2011

Classification of KangiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

4.CC.45

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
C : With large and medium-sized cations

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Kg	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Chemistry of KangiteHide

Mindat Formula:

(Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,◻)₂O₃

Elements listed:

O, Sc - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KangiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3 (2/m 3) - Diploidal

Cell Parameters:

a = 9.842(1) Å

Unit Cell V:

953.34 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Comment:

Spacegroup Ia-3

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0019830	Kangite	Ma C, Tschauner O, Beckett J R, Rossman G R, Liu W (2013) Kangite, (Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,[_])2O3, a new ultra-refractory scandia mineral from the Allende meteorite: Synchrotron micro-Laue diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction by personal email with authors May 2013 American Mineralogist 98 870-878	2013	Allende meteorite	293
0010634	Kangite	Geller S, Romo P, Remeika J P (1967) Refinement of the structure of scandium sesquioxide Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 124 136-142	1967	synthetic	293
0016795	Kangite	Milligan W, Vernon L, Levy H, Peterson S (1953) Neutron diffraction studies on scandium orthovanadate and scandium oxide _cod_database_code 1008928 Journal of Physical Chemistry 57 535-537	1953	synthetic	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Kangite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Ma C'
'Tschauner O'
'Beckett J R'
'Rossman G R'
'Liu W'
_journal_name_full 'American Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 98 
_journal_year 2013
_journal_page_first 870
_journal_page_last 878
_publ_section_title
;
 Kangite, (Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,[_])2O3, a new ultra-refractory scandia mineral
 from the Allende meteorite: Synchrotron micro-Laue diffraction and electron
 backscatter diffraction
 Note: x-coordinate of Sc2, and coordinates of O atoms are changed
 by personal email with authors May 2013
;
_database_code_amcsd 0019830
_chemical_compound_source 'Allende meteorite'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Sc.54 Al.16 Y.07 V.03 Gd.01 Dy.01 Er.01 Ti.66 Zr.13 Mg.11 Ca.06 Fe.02 O3'
_cell_length_a 9.842
_cell_length_b 9.842
_cell_length_c 9.842
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 953.345
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.870
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I a 3'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  '1/2+z,x,1/2-y'
  '+z,1/2+x,-y'
  '1/2+z,-x,y'
  '+z,1/2-x,1/2+y'
  '-z,x,1/2+y'
  '1/2-z,1/2+x,+y'
  '-z,-x,-y'
  '1/2-z,1/2-x,1/2-y'
  '1/2+y,1/2-z,-x'
  '+y,-z,1/2-x'
  '-y,1/2-z,x'
  '1/2-y,-z,1/2+x'
  '1/2-y,z,-x'
  '-y,1/2+z,1/2-x'
  'y,z,x'
  '1/2+y,1/2+z,1/2+x'
  'x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '1/2+x,-y,+z'
  '-x,y,1/2+z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,+z'
  'x,1/2+y,-z'
  '1/2+x,+y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2-z,-x,1/2+y'
  '-z,1/2-x,+y'
  '1/2-z,x,-y'
  '-z,1/2+x,1/2-y'
  'z,-x,1/2-y'
  '1/2+z,1/2-x,-y'
  'z,x,y'
  '1/2+z,1/2+x,1/2+y'
  '1/2-y,1/2+z,x'
  '-y,+z,1/2+x'
  'y,1/2+z,-x'
  '1/2+y,+z,1/2-x'
  '1/2+y,-z,x'
  '+y,1/2-z,1/2+x'
  '-y,-z,-x'
  '1/2-y,1/2-z,1/2-x'
  '-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '1/2-x,+y,-z'
  'x,-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z'
  '-x,1/2-y,z'
  '1/2-x,-y,1/2+z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Sc1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.27000   0.01200
Al1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.08000   0.01200
Y1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.03500   0.01200
V1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.01500   0.01200
Gd1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.00500   0.01200
Dy1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.00500   0.01200
Er1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.00500   0.01200
Ti1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.33000   0.01200
Zr1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.06500   0.01200
Mg1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.05500   0.01200
Ca1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.03000   0.01200
Fe1   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000   0.01000   0.01200
Sc2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.27000   0.00930
Al2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.08000   0.00930
Y2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.03500   0.00930
V2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.01500   0.00930
Gd2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.00500   0.00930
Dy2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.00500   0.00930
Er2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.00500   0.00930
Ti2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.33000   0.00930
Zr2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.06500   0.00930
Mg2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.05500   0.00930
Ca2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.03000   0.00930
Fe2   0.97640   0.00000   0.25000   0.01000   0.00930
O   0.34400   0.11800   0.10400   1.00000   0.16000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
4.019 Å	(16)
2.842 Å	(100)
2.461 Å	(10)
2.099 Å	(15)
1.931 Å	(75)
1.740 Å	(51)
1.519 Å	(29)
1.484 Å	(23)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 1: Primary nebular phases	4.567-4.561
3 : Solar nebular condensates (CAIs, AOAs, URIs)	>4.565

Type Occurrence of KangiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Allende meteorite, Pueblito de Allende, Chihuahua, Mexico

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Holotype material in section USNM 7555 is housed in the collections of the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC, USA

Geological Setting of Type Material:

CV3 carbonaceous chondrite meteorite

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Spinel

Perovskite

Davisite

Synonyms of KangiteHide

IMA2011-092

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

4.CC.	Xuite	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂[(AlO₃(OH)]₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
4.CC.	Allendeite	Sc₄Zr₃O₁₂	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.	Bitikleite	Ca₃(Sb⁵⁺Sn⁴⁺)[AlO₄]₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.	Yttriaite-(Y)	Y₂O₃	Iso. m3 (2/m 3)
4.CC.	Chlorkyuygenite	Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₂[(H₂O)₄Cl₂]	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d
4.CC.	Anzaite-(Ce)	Ce³⁺₄Fe²⁺Ti₆O₁₈ (OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.CC.	Heamanite-(Ce)	(K_0.5Ce_0.5)TiO₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
4.CC.	Priscillagrewite-(Y)	(Ca₂Y)Zr₂(AlO₄)₃	Iso.
4.CC.	Saranovskite	SrCaFe²⁺₂(Cr₄Ti₂)Ti₁₂O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.	Botuobinskite	SrFe²⁺Mg₂(Cr³⁺₆Ti⁴⁺₁₂)[O₃₆(OH)₂]	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.	Mirnyite	SrZr⁴⁺Mg₂(Cr³⁺₆Ti⁴⁺₁₂)O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.	Haitaite-(La)	LaU⁴⁺Fe³⁺₂(Ti₁₃Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.	Shagamite	KFe₁₁O₁₇	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.05	Chrombismite	Bi³⁺₁₆Cr⁶⁺O₂₇	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
4.CC.10	Freudenbergite	Na₂(Ti,Fe)₈O₁₆	Mon.
4.CC.10	Fluormayenite	Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₂F₂	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d
4.CC.10	Fluorkyuygenite	Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₂[(H₂O)₄F₂]	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d
4.CC.15	Grossite	CaAl₄O₇	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CC.17	Goldschmidtite	KNbO₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
4.CC.20	Chlormayenite	Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₂[◻₄Cl₂]	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d
4.CC.20	Unnamed (HBU UK-4)	NaFe²⁺Zn₂(Ti,Fe³⁺,Nb)₆Ti₁₂O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.20	Paseroite	PbMn²⁺(Mn²⁺,Fe³⁺)₂(V⁵⁺,Ti,◻)₁₈O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.20	Mianningite	(◻,Pb,Ce,Na)(U⁴⁺,Mn,U⁶⁺)Fe³⁺₂ (Ti,Fe³⁺)₁₈O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.20	UM1987-03-O:FePbTiU	~(U,Pb)(Ti,Fe³⁺,Fe²⁺,Mn)₂₁O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.22	Kahlenbergite	KAl₁₁O₁₇	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.22	Gorerite	CaAlFe³⁺₁₁O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.25	Yafsoanite	Ca₃Te⁶⁺₂(ZnO₄)₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.25	Nixonite	Na₂Ti₆O₁₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.CC.30	Latrappite	Ca₂NbFe³⁺O₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
4.CC.30	Lueshite	NaNbO₃	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
4.CC.30	Natroniobite	NaNbO₃	Mon.
4.CC.30	Perovskite	CaTiO₃	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
4.CC.30	Barioperovskite	BaTiO₃	Orth. mm2 : Amm2
4.CC.30	Lakargiite	Ca(Zr,Sn,Ti)O₃	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
4.CC.30	Megawite	CaSnO₃	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pban
4.CC.32	Usturite	Ca₃(Sb⁵⁺Zr)[Fe³⁺O₄]₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.32	Elbrusite	Ca₃(U⁶⁺_0.5Zr_1.5)[Fe³⁺O₄]₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.32	Dzhuluite	Ca₃(Sb⁵⁺Sn⁴⁺)[Fe³⁺O₄]₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.32	Monteneveite	Ca₃Sb⁵⁺₂(Fe³⁺₂Fe²⁺)O₁₂	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d
4.CC.35	Loparite-(Ce)	(Na,REE)₂Ti₂O₆	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
4.CC.35	Macedonite	PbTiO₃	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm
4.CC.35	Tausonite	SrTiO₃	Iso. 4 3m
4.CC.35	Isolueshite	(Na,La)NbO₃	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
4.CC.35	Panguite	(Ti,Al,Sc,Mg,Zr,Ca)_1.8O₃	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
4.CC.37	Pauloabibite	NaNbO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Crichtonite	Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe₂(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)₁₈(O,OH)₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Davidite-(Ce)	Ce(Y,U)Fe₂(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)₁₈(O,OH,F)₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Davidite-(La)	La(Y,U)Fe₂(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)₁₈(O,OH,F)₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Davidite-(Y)	(La,Ce,Na,Ca,Pb)(Y,Fe²⁺,◻)(Fe²⁺,Mn²⁺)₂(Ti,Fe³⁺,Nb,Zr)₁₈O₃₈ (hypothetical)	Trig.
4.CC.40	Landauite	NaMnZn₂(Ti,Fe)₆Ti₁₂O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Lindsleyite	(Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)₂(Ti,Cr,Fe)₁₈O₃₈	Trig.
4.CC.40	Loveringite	(Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)₂(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)₁₈O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Mathiasite	(Mg,Cr,Fe,Ca,K)₂(Ti,Zr,Cr,Fe)₅O₁₂	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Senaite	Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)₂(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)₁₈(O,OH)₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Uhligite	Ca₃(Ti,Al,Zr)₉O₂₀ ?	Iso.
4.CC.40	Dessauite-(Y)	(Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe³⁺)₂₀O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Cleusonite	(Pb,Sr)(U⁴⁺,U⁶⁺)(Fe²⁺,Zn)₂(Ti,Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)₁₈(O,OH)₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.40	Gramaccioliite-(Y)	(Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)Fe³⁺₂(Ti,Fe³⁺)₁₈O₃₈	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CC.45	Diaoyudaoite	NaAl₁₁O₁₇	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Hawthorneite	BaMgTi₃Cr₄Fe²⁺₂Fe³⁺₂O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Hibonite	CaAl₁₂O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Lindqvistite	Pb₂Mn²⁺Fe₁₆O₂₇	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Magnetoplumbite	(Pb,Mn)(Fe,Mn)₁₂O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Plumboferrite	Pb₂(Fe³⁺,Mn²⁺,Mg)₁₁O₁₉	Trig. 3 2 : P3 1 2
4.CC.45	Yimengite	K(Cr,Ti,Fe,Mg)₁₂O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Haggertyite	BaFe²⁺₄Fe³⁺₂Ti₅MgO₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Nežilovite	PbZn₂Mn⁴⁺₂Fe³⁺₈O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Batiferrite	BaTi₂Fe³⁺₈Fe²⁺₂O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Chihuahuaite	FeAl₁₂O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Barioferrite	BaFe³⁺₁₂O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.45	Mizraite-(Ce)	Ce(Al₁₁Mg)O₁₉	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CC.50	Jeppeite	(K,Ba)₂(Ti,Fe)₆O₁₃	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.CC.55	Zenzénite	Pb₃Fe³⁺₄Mn⁴⁺₃O₁₅	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mcm
4.CC.60	Mengxianminite (of Huang et al.)	(Ca,Na)₃(Fe,Mn)₂Mg₂(Sn,Zn)₅Al₈O₂₉

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KangiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-42879.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

Look for Kangite on Webmineral

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for KangiteHide

Reference List:

Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2012) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2012. CNMNC Newsletter No 12. Mineralogical Magazine, 76 (1) 151-155 doi:10.1180/minmag.2012.076.1.151

Ma, C., Tschauner, O., Beckett, J. R., Rossman, G. R., Liu, W. (2013) Kangite, (Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,◻)₂O₃, a new ultra-refractory scandia mineral from the Allende meteorite: Synchrotron micro-Laue diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction. American Mineralogist, 98 (5) 870-878 doi:10.2138/am.2013.4290

(2023) Kangite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for KangiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Mexico (TL)

Chihuahua

Pueblito de Allende

ⓘ Allende meteorite (TL)

Williams et al. (2012) +1 other reference

Quick NavTop Unique Identifiers IMA Classification Classification Mineral Symbols Chemistry Crystallography Crystal Structure X-Ray Powder Diffraction Geological Environment Type Occurrence Synonyms Strunz-Mindat Other Information Internet Links References Localities Locality List

Kangite

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of KangiteHide

Classification of KangiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Chemistry of KangiteHide

Crystallography of KangiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of KangiteHide

Synonyms of KangiteHide

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