Lindsleyite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Lindsleyite
Formula:
(Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Cr,Fe)18O38
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
7½
Specific Gravity:
4.63 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
Lindsleyite is named in honor of Donald Hale Lindsley (22 May 1934 - ), professor in the Department of Earth and Space Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, in recognition of his contributions to mineralogy, to the development of the benchmark, Fe-Ti oxide geothermometer-oxygen geobarometer, and to his high pressure phase equilibria studies in oxide and silicate systems. He was awarded the 1996 Roebling Medal.
Co-Type Localities:
ⓘ De Beers Mine, Kimberley, Sol Plaatje Local Municipality, Frances Baard District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
ⓘ Bultfontein Mine, KEM JV Mine (Kimberley Ekapa Mining Joint Venture mine; Kimberley Underground mine), Kimberley, Sol Plaatje Local Municipality, Frances Baard District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
ⓘ Bultfontein Mine, KEM JV Mine (Kimberley Ekapa Mining Joint Venture mine; Kimberley Underground mine), Kimberley, Sol Plaatje Local Municipality, Frances Baard District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2407
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2407:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
7b8ec024-21b2-44e0-a286-4877503adfc4
IMA Classification of Lindsleyite
Approved
Approval year:
1982
First published:
1983
Approval history:
IMA1982-086
Classification of Lindsleyite
4.CC.40
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
C : With large and medium-sized cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
C : With large and medium-sized cations
8.5.1.8
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
5 : AB21O38
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
5 : AB21O38
7.9.26
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Ldy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Lindsleyite
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Lindsleyite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Black
Hardness:
7½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=1378 - 1714 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
4.63 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Lindsleyite
Type:
Uniaxial
Anisotropism:
Weak pale tan to brown
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 19.4% | 19.8% |
420nm | 19.0% | 19.2% |
440nm | 18.6% | 18.9% |
460nm | 18.1% | 18.4% |
480nm | 17.8% | 18.1% |
500nm | 17.5% | 17.8% |
520nm | 17.2% | 17.5% |
540nm | 17.1% | 17.3% |
560nm | 16.9% | 17.1% |
580nm | 16.7% | 17.0% |
600nm | 16.7% | 16.9% |
620nm | 16.6% | 16.9% |
640nm | 16.5% | 16.8% |
660nm | 16.5% | 16.9% |
680nm | 16.5% | 16.9% |
700nm | 16.5% | 16.9% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 19.8%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Tan
Internal Reflections:
None
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Buff-white to tan
Chemistry of Lindsleyite
Mindat Formula:
(Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Cr,Fe)18O38
Crystallography of Lindsleyite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.37 Å, c = 20.52 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.979
Unit Cell V:
1,911.02 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
3
Morphology:
Grains, to 5 mm
Comment:
Point Group: 3 or 3.; Space Group: R3 or R3
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0005464 | Lindsleyite | Peterson R C, Grey I E (1995) Preparation and structure refinement of synthetic Ti-containing lindsleyite, BaMn3Ti18O38 The Canadian Mineralogist 33 1083-1089 | 1995 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.87 Å | (70) |
2.83 Å | (70) |
2.13 Å | (100) |
1.80 Å | (100) |
1.59 Å | (100) |
1.50 Å | (50) |
1.44 Å | (100) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Lindsleyite
Co-Type Localities:
ⓘ De Beers Mine, Kimberley, Sol Plaatje Local Municipality, Frances Baard District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
ⓘ Bultfontein Mine, KEM JV Mine (Kimberley Ekapa Mining Joint Venture mine; Kimberley Underground mine), Kimberley, Sol Plaatje Local Municipality, Frances Baard District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
ⓘ Bultfontein Mine, KEM JV Mine (Kimberley Ekapa Mining Joint Venture mine; Kimberley Underground mine), Kimberley, Sol Plaatje Local Municipality, Frances Baard District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
General Appearance of Type Material:
A 1.5 mm grain enclosed in phlogopite, embedded in kimberlite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
South African National Museum, Cape Town, South Africa.
The Natural History Museum, London, England.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA.
The Natural History Museum, London, England.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Metasomatized kimberlite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Haggerty, S.E., Smyth, J.R., Erlank, A.J., Rickard, R.S., Danchin, R.V. (1983) Lindsleyite (Ba) and mathiasite (K): two new chromium-titanites in the crichtonite series from the upper mantle. American Mineralogist: 68: 494-505.
Synonyms of Lindsleyite
Other Language Names for Lindsleyite
Relationship of Lindsleyite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Almeidaite | PbZn2(Mn,Y)(Ti,Fe3+)18O37(OH,O) | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Botuobinskite | SrFe2+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)[O36(OH)2] | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Cleusonite | (Pb,Sr)(U4+,U6+)(Fe2+,Zn)2(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)18(O,OH)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Crichtonite | Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Davidite-(Ce) | Ce(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Davidite-(La) | La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Davidite-(Y) | (La,Ce,Na,Ca,Pb)(Y,Fe2+,◻)(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb,Zr)18O38 (hypothetical) | Trig. |
Dessauite-(Y) | (Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe3+)20O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Gramaccioliite-(Y) | (Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)Fe3+2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Haitaite-(La) | LaU4+Fe3+2(Ti13Fe2+4Fe3+)O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Landauite | NaMnZn2(Ti,Fe)6Ti12O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Loveringite | (Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Mapiquiroite | (Sr,Pb)(U,Y)Fe2(Ti,Fe3+,Cr3+)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Mathiasite | (Mg,Cr,Fe,Ca,K)2(Ti,Zr,Cr,Fe)5O12 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Mianningite | (◻,Pb,Ce,Na)(U4+,Mn,U6+)Fe3+2 (Ti,Fe3+)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Mirnyite | SrZr4+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Paseroite | PbMn2+(Mn2+,Fe3+)2(V5+,Ti,◻)18O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Saranovskite | SrCaFe2+2(Cr4Ti2)Ti12O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Senaite | Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
UM1987-03-O:FePbTiU | ~(U,Pb)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mn)21O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
UM2003-08-O:AlCaFeREEScTiV | (Ca,Ce)Sc(Ti,V,Fe,Al)20O38 | |
UM2006-05-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr | (Sr,Na,K,REE)(Ca,Zr,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38 | |
UM2006-06-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr | (Sr,Na,K,REE)(Zr,Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38 | |
UM2006-07-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr | (Na,Sr,K,REE)(Ca,Zr,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38 | |
UM2006-08-O:CaFeKMnNaREESrTiZr | (Na,Sr,K,REE)(Zr,Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)18Fe2O38 | |
UM2006-09-O:CaFeMnREESrTiZr | (Ce,Sr,REE)(Ca,Mn,Zr)Fe2(Ti,Fe)18O38 | |
Unnamed (HBU UK-4) | NaFe2+Zn2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb)6Ti12O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
2 photos of Lindsleyite associated with Mathiasite | (Mg,Cr,Fe,Ca,K)2(Ti,Zr,Cr,Fe)5O12 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
4.CC. | Xuite | Ca3Fe3+2[(AlO3(OH)]3 |
4.CC. | Allendeite | Sc4Zr3O12 |
4.CC. | Bitikleite | Ca3(Sb5+Sn4+)[AlO4]3 |
4.CC. | Yttriaite-(Y) | Y2O3 |
4.CC. | Chlorkyuygenite | Ca12Al14O32[(H2O)4Cl2] |
4.CC. | Anzaite-(Ce) | Ce3+ 4Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
4.CC. | Heamanite-(Ce) | (K0.5Ce0.5)TiO3 |
4.CC. | Priscillagrewite-(Y) | (Ca2Y)Zr2(AlO4)3 |
4.CC. | Saranovskite | SrCaFe2+2(Cr4Ti2)Ti12O38 |
4.CC. | Botuobinskite | SrFe2+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)[O36(OH)2] |
4.CC. | Mirnyite | SrZr4+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)O38 |
4.CC. | Haitaite-(La) | LaU4+Fe3+2(Ti13Fe2+4Fe3+)O38 |
4.CC. | Shagamite | KFe11O17 |
4.CC.05 | Chrombismite | Bi3+16Cr6+O27 |
4.CC.10 | Freudenbergite | Na2(Ti,Fe)8O16 |
4.CC.10 | Fluormayenite | Ca12Al14O32F2 |
4.CC.10 | Fluorkyuygenite | Ca12Al14O32[(H2O)4F2] |
4.CC.15 | Grossite | CaAl4O7 |
4.CC.17 | Goldschmidtite | KNbO3 |
4.CC.20 | Chlormayenite | Ca12Al14O32[◻4Cl2] |
4.CC.20 | Unnamed (HBU UK-4) | NaFe2+Zn2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb)6Ti12O38 |
4.CC.20 | Paseroite | PbMn2+(Mn2+,Fe3+)2(V5+,Ti,◻)18O38 |
4.CC.20 | Mianningite | (◻,Pb,Ce,Na)(U4+,Mn,U6+)Fe3+2 (Ti,Fe3+)18O38 |
4.CC.20 | UM1987-03-O:FePbTiU | ~(U,Pb)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mn)21O38 |
4.CC.22 | Kahlenbergite | KAl11O17 |
4.CC.22 | Gorerite | CaAlFe3+11O19 |
4.CC.25 | Yafsoanite | Ca3Te6+2(ZnO4)3 |
4.CC.25 | Nixonite | Na2Ti6O13 |
4.CC.30 | Latrappite | Ca2NbFe3+O6 |
4.CC.30 | Lueshite | NaNbO3 |
4.CC.30 | Natroniobite | NaNbO3 |
4.CC.30 | Perovskite | CaTiO3 |
4.CC.30 | Barioperovskite | BaTiO3 |
4.CC.30 | Lakargiite | Ca(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 |
4.CC.30 | Megawite | CaSnO3 |
4.CC.32 | Usturite | Ca3(Sb5+Zr)[Fe3+O4]3 |
4.CC.32 | Elbrusite | Ca3(U6+0.5Zr1.5)[Fe3+O4]3 |
4.CC.32 | Dzhuluite | Ca3(Sb5+Sn4+)[Fe3+O4]3 |
4.CC.32 | Monteneveite | Ca3Sb5+2(Fe3+2Fe2+)O12 |
4.CC.35 | Loparite-(Ce) | (Na,REE)2Ti2O6 |
4.CC.35 | Macedonite | PbTiO3 |
4.CC.35 | Tausonite | SrTiO3 |
4.CC.35 | Isolueshite | (Na,La)NbO3 |
4.CC.35 | Panguite | (Ti,Al,Sc,Mg,Zr,Ca)1.8O3 |
4.CC.37 | Pauloabibite | NaNbO3 |
4.CC.40 | Crichtonite | Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 |
4.CC.40 | Davidite-(Ce) | Ce(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 |
4.CC.40 | Davidite-(La) | La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 |
4.CC.40 | Davidite-(Y) | (La,Ce,Na,Ca,Pb)(Y,Fe2+,◻)(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb,Zr)18O38 (hypothetical) |
4.CC.40 | Landauite | NaMnZn2(Ti,Fe)6Ti12O38 |
4.CC.40 | Loveringite | (Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38 |
4.CC.40 | Mathiasite | (Mg,Cr,Fe,Ca,K)2(Ti,Zr,Cr,Fe)5O12 |
4.CC.40 | Senaite | Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 |
4.CC.40 | Uhligite | Ca3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ? |
4.CC.40 | Dessauite-(Y) | (Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe3+)20O38 |
4.CC.40 | Cleusonite | (Pb,Sr)(U4+,U6+)(Fe2+,Zn)2(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)18(O,OH)38 |
4.CC.40 | Gramaccioliite-(Y) | (Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)Fe3+2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38 |
4.CC.45 | Diaoyudaoite | NaAl11O17 |
4.CC.45 | Hawthorneite | BaMgTi3Cr4Fe2+2Fe3+2O19 |
4.CC.45 | Hibonite | CaAl12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Lindqvistite | Pb2Mn2+Fe16O27 |
4.CC.45 | Magnetoplumbite | (Pb,Mn)(Fe,Mn)12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Plumboferrite | Pb2(Fe3+,Mn2+,Mg)11O19 |
4.CC.45 | Yimengite | K(Cr,Ti,Fe,Mg)12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Haggertyite | BaFe2+4Fe3+2Ti5MgO19 |
4.CC.45 | Nežilovite | PbZn2Mn4+2Fe3+8O19 |
4.CC.45 | Batiferrite | BaTi2Fe3+8Fe2+2O19 |
4.CC.45 | Chihuahuaite | FeAl12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Barioferrite | BaFe3+12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Kangite | (Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,◻)2O3 |
4.CC.45 | Mizraite-(Ce) | Ce(Al11Mg)O19 |
4.CC.50 | Jeppeite | (K,Ba)2(Ti,Fe)6O13 |
4.CC.55 | Zenzénite | Pb3Fe3+4Mn4+3O15 |
4.CC.60 | Mengxianminite (of Huang et al.) | (Ca,Na)3(Fe,Mn)2Mg2(Sn,Zn)5Al8O29 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Lindsleyite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2407.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Lindsleyite
Reference List:
Localities for Lindsleyite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Kiviets et al. (1998) |
Botswana | |
| S.E. Haggerty et al. (1983) |
Canada | |
| Mineralogical Magazine 60 |
China | |
| |
| Weiguo Zhong et al. (2003) |
| |
Italy | |
| Bedognè (2011) |
Lapis (10) | |
Russia | |
| Компанченко А.А. +1 other reference |
| Sobolev et al. (1997) |
South Africa | |
| S.E. Haggerty et al. (1983) |
| Anthony et al. (1997) |
| Haggerty et al. (1983) |
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Kolonkwanen kimberlite prospect, Kgalagadi District, Botswana