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Senaite

Big Photo

Wanni glacier - Scherbadung Mt. (Cervandone Mt.) area, Kriegalp Valley (Chriegalp Valley), Binn Valley, Wallis (Valais), Switzerland
© D. Schläfli

Show Senaite Photos (11)
Formula:
Pb(Ti,Fe,Mn)
 
21
O
 
38
System:TrigonalColour:Black; oil-green to ...
Hardness:6 - 6½
Name:Named after Joaquim Candido da Costa Sena (1852-1919), Professor of Mineralogy, Ouro Preto, Brazil.


Crichtonite Group.

Classification of Senaite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/C.09-80
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.CC.40

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
C : With large and medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:8.5.1.4

8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
5 : AB21O38
Hey's CIM Ref.:7.11.32

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
11 : Oxides of Sn and Pb
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Type Occurrence of Senaite

Type Locality:Datas (Dattas), Minas Gerais, Southeast Region, Brazil
Year of Discovery:1898

Physical Properties of Senaite

Lustre:Sub-Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent on thin edges
Colour:Black; oil-green to greenish black in transmitted light
Streak:Brownish-black
Hardness (Mohs):6 - 6½
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):5.301 g/cm3

Crystallography of Senaite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Cell Parameters:a = 10.42Å, c = 20.86Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 2.002
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,961.46 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Senaite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nε = 2.500
Birefringence:Low to moderate
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.000

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Pleochroism:Non-pleochroic

Chemical Properties of Senaite

Formula:
Pb(Ti,Fe,Mn)
 
21
O
 
38
Essential elements:O, Pb, Ti
All elements listed in formula:Fe, Mn, O, Pb, Ti

Relationship of Senaite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Crichtonite (see here)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
4.CC.05Chrombismite
Bi
 
16
CrO
 
27
4.CC.10Freudenbergite
Na
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
8
O
 
16
4.CC.15Grossite
CaAl
 
4
O
 
7
4.CC.20Mayenite
Ca
 
12
Al
 
14
O
 
33
4.CC.25Yafsoanite
Ca
 
3
Zn
 
3
[TeO
 
6
]
 
2
4.CC.30Latrappite
(Ca,Na)(Nb,Ti,Fe)O
 
3
4.CC.30Lueshite
NaNbO
 
3
4.CC.30Natroniobite
NaNbO
 
3
4.CC.30Perovskite
CaTiO
 
3
4.CC.30Barioperovskite
BaTiO
 
3
4.CC.30IMA2007-014
CaZrO
 
3
4.CC.35Loparite-(Ce)
(Na,Ce,Ca,Sr,Th)(Ti,Nb,Fe)O
 
3
4.CC.35Macedonite
PbTiO
 
3
4.CC.35Tausonite
SrTiO
 
3
4.CC.35Isolueshite
(Na,La,Ca)(Nb,Ti)O
 
3
4.CC.40Crichtonite
(Sr,La,Ce,Y)(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Mn)
 
21
O
 
38
4.CC.40Davidite-(Ce)
(Ce,La)(Y,U,Fe)(Ti,Fe)
 
20
(O,OH)
 
38
4.CC.40Davidite-(La)
(La,Ce)(Y,U,Fe)(Ti,Fe)
 
20
(O,OH)
 
38
4.CC.40Davidite-(Y)
(Y,Ce,La,Ca,�)(U,Y)(Fe
3+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Cr,�)
 
18
O
 
38
4.CC.40Landauite
NaMnZn
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
6
Ti
 
12
O
 
38
4.CC.40Lindsleyite
(Ba,Sr)(Ti,Zr,Fe,Cr)
 
21
O
 
38
4.CC.40Loveringite
(Ca,Ce)(Ti,Fe,Cr,Mg)
 
21
O
 
38
4.CC.40Mathiasite
K(Ti,Cr,Fe,Mg,Zr)
 
21
O
 
38
4.CC.40Dessauite-(Y)
(Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
20
O
 
38
4.CC.40Cleusonite
(Pb,Sr)(U
4+
 
,U
6+
 
)(Fe
2+
 
,Zn)
 
2
(Ti,Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
18
(O,OH)
 
38
4.CC.40Gramaccioliite-(Y)
(Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
18
Fe
3+
2
O
 
38
4.CC.45Diaoyudaoite
NaAl
 
11
O
 
17
4.CC.45Hawthorneite
BaMgTi
 
3
Cr
 
4
Fe
 
4
O
 
19
4.CC.45Hibonite
(Ca,Ce)(Al,Fe,Ti,Si,Mg)
 
12
O
 
19
4.CC.45Lindqvistite
Pb
 
2
(Mg,Fe)Fe
 
16
O
 
27
4.CC.45Magnetoplumbite
(Pb,Mn)(Fe,Mn)
 
12
O
 
19
4.CC.45Plumboferrite
PbFe
 
4
O
 
7
4.CC.45Yimengite
K(Cr,Ti,Fe,Mg)
 
12
O
 
19
4.CC.45Haggertyite
Ba[Fe
2+
6
Ti
 
5
Mg]O
 
19
4.CC.45Nežilovite
PbZn
 
2
(Mn
4+
 
,Ti
4+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
8
O
 
19
4.CC.45Batiferrite
Ba[Ti
 
2
Fe
3+
8
Fe
2+
2
]O
 
19
4.CC.50Jeppeite
(K,Ba)
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
6
O
 
13
4.CC.55Zenzénite
Pb
 
3
(Fe,Mn)
 
4
Mn
 
3
O
 
13
4.CC.60Mengxianminite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Fe,Mn)
 
2
Mg
 
2
(Sn,Zn)
 
5
Al
 
8
O
 
29
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
7.11.1Romarchite
SnO
7.11.2Cassiterite
SnO
 
2
7.11.4Schoenfliesite
Mg[Sn(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.5Burtite
Ca[Sn(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.6Vismirnovite
Zn[Sn(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.7Wickmanite
Mn
2+
 
[Sn(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.8Tetrawickmanite
Mn
2+
 
[Sn
4+
 
(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.9Jeanbandyite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)[Sn
4+
 
(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.10Natanite
Fe
2+
 
[Sn(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.11Mushistonite
(Cu,Zn,Fe
2+
 
)[Sn(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.12Ferronigerite-2N1S
Sn(Fe,Mg)Al
 
6
O
 
11
(OH)
7.11.13Magnesionigerite
7.11.14Argutite
GeO
 
2
7.11.15Brunogeierite
(Ge,Fe)Fe
 
2
O
 
4
7.11.16Stottite
Fe
2+
 
[Ge
4+
 
(OH)
 
6
]
7.11.17Carboirite
FeAl
 
2
GeO
 
5
(OH)
 
2
7.11.18Otjisumeite
PbGe
 
4
O
 
9
7.11.19Bartelkeite
PbFe
2+
 
Ge
 
3
O
 
8
7.11.20Massicot
PbO
7.11.21Litharge
PbO
7.11.22Minium
Pb
 
3
O
 
4
7.11.23Plattnerite
PbO
 
2
7.11.24Scrutinyite
alpha-PbO
 
2
7.11.25Murdochite
PbCu
 
6
O
 
8-x
(Cl,Br)
 
2x
 x<=0.5
7.11.26Macedonite
PbTiO
 
3
7.11.27Cesàrolite
PbH
 
2
Mn
 
3
O
 
8
7.11.28Coronadite
Pb(Mn,Mn)
 
8
O
 
16
7.11.29Quenselite
PbMnO
 
2
(OH)
7.11.30Plumboferrite
PbFe
 
4
O
 
7
7.11.31Magnetoplumbite
(Pb,Mn)(Fe,Mn)
 
12
O
 
19

Other Names for Senaite

German names:
Senait
Russian names:
Сенаит
Spanish names:
Senaita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Senaite

Reference List:Hussak and Prior (1898), Mineralogical Magazine: 12: 30.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 540-541.

American Mineralogist (1968): 53: 869-877.

American Mineralogist (1976): 61: 1203-1212.

Mineralogical Record (1986: 17: 191-195.

Mineralogical Magazine: 48: 97-106.

Acta Crystallographica: B32: 1509-1513.

Internet Links for Senaite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Senaite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Senaite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Senaite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Salzburg
      • Lungau
        • Murwinkel
          • Schellgaden
            • Gold mines
    		Niedermayr, G. et al. (2007): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVI. Carinthia II, 197/117, 149-190.
    Brazil
     
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
    		Am Min 53 (1968), 869; Rocks&Min.(Jan.2000)
        • Diamantina
    		Diamond News, Part 1, Vol.5, No.17,2004,pp40-44; Diamond News, Part 2, Vol.5, No.18,2004,pp 13-19 [In Portuguese]
        • Presidente Kubitschek
    		Min Rec 17 (3) (1986); Hochleitner, R. (1987): Senait-Kristalle aus Brasilien. LAPIS 12 (2), 18-19
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Rouville Co.
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Horváth, L and Gault, R.A. (1990), The mineralogy of Mont Saint-Hilaire Quebec. Mineralogical Record: 21: 284-359.
    France
     
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Savoie
        • Tarentaise valley
          • La Léchère
    		De Ascencao Guedes R., Meisser N. (2002), Les fentes à cristaux de Pierre Château, La Léchère, Tarentaise (Savoie), Le Règne Minéral, n°44, pp: 35-45
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Plaka
            • Plaka Mines
    		No reference listed
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Cuneo Province
        • Stura Valley
    		P. Orlandi, G.C. Piccoli: Riv. Mineral. Ital. 28(1):16-18 (2004)
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Baceno
            • Devero Alp (Devero Valley; Val Devero)
    		http://www.webmineralshop.com/ Cervandone article& personal collection
    Mongolia
     
    • Hovd Aimag (Khovd Aimag)
      • Altai Mts
    		P.M. Kartashov data
    Norway
     
    • Vestfold
      • Larvik
        • Tvedalen
    Republic of Macedonia
     
    • Pelagonian massif
    		No reference listed
    Saudi Arabia
     
    • Midyan
    		Staatz H.M. and Brownfield I.K. 1986, Tarce- and minor-element mineralogy of the microgranite at ghurayyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. US-Geological Survey Open-File report 86.105
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Kjell Gatedal
    • Västmanland
      • Lindesberg
    No reference listed
    Switzerland
     
    • Bern
      • Hasli Valley
    Christian Bracke Collection.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Binn Valley
        • Kriegalp Valley (Chriegalp Valley)
    No reference listed
      • Collonges
    		Self-collected by Frank de Wit.
      • Martigny
        • Mont Chemin
    USA
     
    • Colorado
      • El Paso Co.
        • Cheyenne District (St. Peters Dome District)
          • St Peters Dome
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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