Toledoite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
Formula:
TiFeSi
Colour:
black
Specific Gravity:
5.53 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
The name was given in honor of Vered Toledo (b. 1968), of Shefa Gems Ltd. for her support and for providing corundum xenocrysts from the Mount Carmel region for this investigation of new minerals.
Known synthetic analogue.
Chemically not unique - compare, e.g., zangboite, UM1986-59-Si:FePTi, UM1989-10-E:FeSiTi, ...
As inclusions in corundum xenocrysts (compare mizraite-(Ce), sassite, ziroite).
TiFeSi-type structure. The structure is a superstructure of the hexagonal ordered Fe2P-type [19]. Synthetic TiFeSi may also show the hexagonal P-62m β-form polymorph (a = 6.257(2), c = 3.497(1) (Å), V = 118.55(9) Å3), which is stable at high-T, but inverts to the orthorhombic phase after annealing at 1273 K for seven days.
Chemically not unique - compare, e.g., zangboite, UM1986-59-Si:FePTi, UM1989-10-E:FeSiTi, ...
As inclusions in corundum xenocrysts (compare mizraite-(Ce), sassite, ziroite).
TiFeSi-type structure. The structure is a superstructure of the hexagonal ordered Fe2P-type [19]. Synthetic TiFeSi may also show the hexagonal P-62m β-form polymorph (a = 6.257(2), c = 3.497(1) (Å), V = 118.55(9) Å3), which is stable at high-T, but inverts to the orthorhombic phase after annealing at 1273 K for seven days.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
56112
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:56112:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
09cf00a4-cf79-4a31-8f4d-7320bfc461da
IMA Classification of Toledoite
Approved
Approval history:
IMA no. 2022-036
Classification of Toledoite
1.BB.
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
B : Metallic Carbides, Silicides, Nitrides, Phosphides and Hydrides
B : Silicides
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
B : Metallic Carbides, Silicides, Nitrides, Phosphides and Hydrides
B : Silicides
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Tld | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Toledoite
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
black
Density:
5.53 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Toledoite
Mindat Formula:
TiFeSi
Elements listed:
Chemical Analysis
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 1 | (Ti0.83Cr0.07Mn0.06V0.02)(Fev0.96Mn0.04)(Si0.99P0.04) |
Sample references:
Crystallography of Toledoite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
Ima2
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.00(1) Å, b = 10.83(1) Å, c = 6.29(1) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.646 : 1 : 0.581
Unit Cell V:
476.84 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
12
Comment:
a rarely seen space group
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.339 Å | (44) |
| 2.333 Å | (100) |
| 2.147 Å | (89) |
| 2.141 Å | (38) |
| 2.058 Å | (36) |
| 2.052 Å | (33) |
| 2.048 Å | (34) |
| 1.750 Å | (36) |
Comments:
calculated
Type Occurrence of Toledoite
General Appearance of Type Material:
occurs as irregular crystals 2–16 μm in size
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
mineralogical collections of the Università di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milano, Italy, registration number MCMGPG-H2021-006
Geological Setting of Type Material:
A high-temperature alloy phase, formed under extremely reduced conditions in melt pockets in corundum xenocrysts derived from the upper mantle beneath Mount Carmel in Israel.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Toledoite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 1.BB. | Zangboite | TiFeSi2 |
| 1.BB. | Brownleeite | MnSi |
| 1.BB. | Kangjinlaite | Ti11Si10 |
| 1.BB. | Yeite | TiSi |
| 1.BB.05 | Suessite | (Fe,Ni)3Si |
| 1.BB.05 | Mavlyanovite | Mn5Si3 |
| 1.BB.10 | UM2001-18-Si:CuPtSn | (Cu,Pt)4Si |
| 1.BB.10 | Perryite | (Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2 |
| 1.BB.15 | Naquite | FeSi |
| 1.BB.20 | Linzhiite | FeSi2 |
| 1.BB.25 | Luobusaite | Fe0.84Si2 |
| 1.BB.30 | Gupeiite | Fe3Si |
| 1.BB.35 | Hapkeite | Fe2Si |
| 1.BB.40 | Xifengite | Fe5Si3 |
| 1.BB.45 | Carletonmooreite | Ni3Si |
| 1.BB.55 | Palladosilicide | Pd2Si |
| 1.BB.65 | Zhiqinite | TiSi2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Toledoite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-56112.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Toledoite
Localities for Toledoite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Israel (TL) | |
| forum.amiminerals.it (n.d.) +1 other reference |
