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Aythya

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Description

Aythya is a genus of diving ducks. It has twelve described species. The name Aythya comes from the Ancient Greek word αυθυια, aithuia, which may have referred to a sea-dwelling duck or an auklet.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aythya, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2498254	https://www.gbif.org/species/2498254
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	83440	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=83440

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Aythya

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
-	Maniraptora	Gauthier 1986
-	Paraves	Sereno 1997
class	Aves	Linnaeus 1758
-	Pygostylia	Chiappe 2002
-	Ornithothoraces	Chiappe and Calvo 1994
-	Ornithuromorpha	Chiappe et al. 1999
subclass	Ornithurae	Haeckel 1866
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
-	Neognathae
-	Galloanserae	Sibley and Ahlquist 1990
superorder	Galloanserimorphae
order	Anseriformes	Wagler 1831
family	Anatidae	Vigors 1825
subfamily	Anatinae	Vigors 1825
tribe	Aythyini	Olson and Rasmussen 2001
genus	Aythya	Boie 1822

Scientific Name

Aythya Boie, 1822

Name Published In

Boie, Friedrich. 1822. Tagebuch gehalten auf einer Riese durch Norwegen im Jahre 1817. K. Taubstummen-institut, Schleswig.: i-viii, 1-352.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Aythya	genus	belongs to Anseres	stated without evidence	Shufeldt, 1891
Aythya	genus	belongs to Anatidae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Aythya	genus	belongs to Aythyinae	stated without evidence	Brodkorb, 1964
Aythya	genus	belongs to Anatidae	stated without evidence	Wilson, 1967
Aythya	genus	belongs to Aythyini	stated without evidence	Mlíkovsky and Svec, 1986
Aythya	genus	belongs to Anatidae	stated without evidence	Parmalee, 1992
Aythya	genus	belongs to Aythyini	stated without evidence	Emslie, 1992
Aythya	genus	belongs to Aythyini	stated with evidence	Gonzalez et al., 2009
Aythya	genus	belongs to Anatidae	stated without evidence	Clements et al., 2017

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

11 (73%)

First Recorded Appearance

8.70 - 5.33 Ma
Miocene

Environment

freshwater (based on Anatinae)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

herbivore (based on Anatinae)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

S. L. Olson and P. C. Rasmussen. 2001. Miocene and Pliocene birds from the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90:233-365

Common Name(s)

スズガモ, Diving Ducks

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aythya

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Aythya ferina x nyroca species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aythya ferina x fuligula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aythya fuligula x marila species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aythya nyroca x fuligula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aythya fuligula x collaris species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aythya affinis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Lesser Scaup	17	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya americana species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Redhead	5	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya aretina ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Aythya arvernensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Aythya australis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Hardhead	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya baeri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aythya collaris species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Ring-necked Duck	18	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya ferina species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Common Pochard	10	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya fuligula species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Tufted Duck	7	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya innotata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aythya marila species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Greater Scaup	9	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya novaeseelandiae species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	New Zealand Scaup	3	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya nyroca species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Ferruginous Pochard	6	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Aythya sepulta ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Aythya spatiosa ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Aythya valisineria species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Canvasback	11	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Fuligula aretina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Fuligula arvernensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Fuligula sepulta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Aithya Boie, 1828	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : *Aithya*
Aithyia Gloger, 1827	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : *Aithyia*
Aythyia Bonaparte, 1854	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : *Aythyia*
Aythia Salvadori, 1895	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : *Aythia*
Aethyia Gloger, 1827	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : *Aethyia*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1822	Aythya Boie
1891	Aythya Shufeldt p. 819
1902	Athya Hay p. 530
1964	Aythya Brodkorb p. 228
1967	Aythya Wilson p. 206
1986	Aythya Mlíkovsky and Svec p. 265

Year	Name and Author
1992	Aythya Emslie p. 257
1992	Aythya Parmalee p. 310
2001	Aythya Olson and Rasmussen p. 285
2009	Aythya Gonzalez et al.
2017	Aythya Clements et al.

References

Olson S. L., Rasmussen P. C. (2001) Miocene and Pliocene birds from the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 233-365

Shufeldt R. W. Fossil birds from the Equus Beds of Oregon, American Naturalist 25, 818-821

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Brodkorb P. (1964) Catalogue of Fossil Birds. Part 2 (Anseriformes through Galliformes), Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 8 3, 195-335

Wilson R. L. (1967) The Pleistocene vertebrates of Michigan, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters 52, 197-234

Mlíkovsky J., Svec P. (1986) Review of the Tertiary waterfowl (Aves: Anseridae) of Asia, Vest. cs. Spolec. Zool 50, 249-272

Emslie S. D. (1992) Two new late Blancan avifaunas from Florida and the extinction of wetland birds in the Plio-Pleistocene, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series 36, 249-269

Parmalee P. W. (1992) A late Pleistocene avifauna from northwestern Alabama, Science Series, Los Angeles Museum of Natural History, Science, and Art 36, 307-318

Gonzalez J., Düttman H., et al (2009) Phylogenetic relationships based on two mitochondrial genes and hybridization patterns in Anatidae, Journal of Zoology 279, 310-318

Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes, 2003: null. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Boie, S. (1822). Ornithologische Beyträge. Isis von Oken. 3: 768-781; 871-886. - via World Register of Marine Species

Neave, Sheffield Airey. (1939-1996). Nomenclator Zoologicus vol. 1-10 Online. [developed by uBio, hosted online at MBLWHOI Library]. - via World Register of Marine Species

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Monroe Jr. & Sibley, 1993, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

web search (AJR) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Tagebuch Reise durch Norwegen, 308, 351(May). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Monroe Jr. & Sibley, 1993 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SOF (2007) Holarktis Fåglar, version 2. SOF:s Taxonomikommittés officiella lista över Holarktis fåglar - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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