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Huron Shale burn site, Huron River, Huron County, Ohio, USAi
Regional Level Types
Huron Shale burn site- not defined -
Huron RiverRiver
Huron CountyCounty
OhioState
USACountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
41° 16' 41'' North , 82° 40' 27'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
41.27806,-82.67417
GeoHash:
G#: dpm4ydqw0
GRN:
N28W45
KΓΆppen climate type:
Dfa : Hot-summer humid continental climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Monroeville1,370 (2017)4.2km
Milan1,347 (2017)6.1km
Norwalk16,827 (2017)6.3km
Bellevue8,005 (2017)14.0km
Collins631 (2017)15.4km
Mindat Locality ID:
23702
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:23702:3
GUID (UUID V4):
50d3ba03-5f30-4a77-ac42-1f46de878105


The shale fire, non-anthropogenic in origin, occurred in the Late Devonian Huron Shale Member of the Ohio Shale Formation along River Road, northeast of the town of Monroeville in Ridgefield Township, Huron County, near the village of Milan (which also extends across the county border). The fire started in September 2009 as the result of spontaneous combustion in an oil-bearing shale exposed at the interface between an eroded stream cliff and its talus pile along the Huron River in north-central Ohio, approximately 5.6 km west of Milan and roughly 850 m south of the border of Erie County (41Β°16β€²41.4β€³N 82Β°40β€²27β€³W). The shale fire burned until March 2011 and created a variety of exotic mineral species, such as boussingaultite and lonecreekite, as well as the never-before-observed carlsonite and huizingite-(Al). The surface temperatures at the vent surrounding the condensate minerals was measured to be in the 204-260Β°C range, while the temperature reading at 0.5 m below the ground was as high as 426Β°C.

The Ohio Shale formation is a dark gray to black marine, carbon-rich shale containing ironstone concretions, finely divided pyrite and pyrite nodules and >10% organic matter.

NOTE: The species listed here are only those found in the fire suite. For minerals in the local concretions and pyrite nodules, please see - http://www.mindat.org/loc-266400.html

Located between Norwalk and Huron, about 60 miles west of Cleveland, and 3.5 miles west of center of Milan (5.3 miles by road).

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


25 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 1 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Adranosite-(Fe)
Formula: (NH4)4NaFe3+2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
β“˜ Alunogen
Formula: Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
β“˜ Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite
Formula: (NH4)2Mg2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
β“˜ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
β“˜ Bassanite
Formula: Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O
β“˜ Boussingaultite
Formula: (NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
β“˜ Carlsonite (TL)
Formula: (NH4)5Fe3+3O(SO4)6 · 7H2O
Type Locality:
β“˜ Clairite
Formula: (NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O
β“˜ Ferrinatrite
Formula: Na3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O
β“˜ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
β“˜ Halotrichite
Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
β“˜ Huizingite-(Al) (TL)
Formula: [(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]
Type Locality:
β“˜ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
References:
Dr Pete Richards
β“˜ Kremersite
Formula: (NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
β“˜ Lonecreekite
Formula: (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
β“˜ Mascagnite
Formula: (NH4)2SO4
β“˜ Metavoltine
Formula: K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O
β“˜ Pickeringite
Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
β“˜ Pyracmonite
Formula: (NH4)3Fe(SO4)3
β“˜ Sabieite
Formula: (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2
Description: A documented occurrence of 2 new polytypes mixed together (Sabieite-2H, Sabieite-3R)
β“˜ 'Sabieite-2H'
References:
Dr Pete Richards
β“˜ 'Sabieite-3R'
References:
Dr Pete Richards
β“˜ Salammoniac
Formula: NH4Cl
β“˜ Sulphur
Formula: S8
β“˜ Tamarugite
Formula: NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O
β“˜ Tschermigite
Formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
β“˜ 'Unnamed (Fe-analogue of Huizingite-(Al))' (FRL)
Formula: [(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Fe3+,Al)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] (?)
Type Locality:
β“˜ Voltaite
Formula: K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
β“˜Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 3 - Halides
β“˜Salammoniac3.AA.25NH4Cl
β“˜Kremersite3.CJ.10(NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Pyracmonite7.AC.08(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3
β“˜Sabieite7.AC.20(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2
β“˜Mascagnite7.AD.05(NH4)2SO4
β“˜Anhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
β“˜Adranosite-(Fe)7.BC.(NH4)4NaFe3+2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
β“˜Jarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
β“˜Alunogen7.CB.45Al2(SO4)3 Β· 17H2O
β“˜Pickeringite7.CB.85MgAl2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O
β“˜Halotrichite7.CB.85FeAl2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O
β“˜Tamarugite7.CC.10NaAl(SO4)2 Β· 6H2O
β“˜Lonecreekite7.CC.20(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 Β· 12H2O
β“˜Tschermigite7.CC.20(NH4)Al(SO4)2 Β· 12H2O
β“˜Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite7.CC.25(NH4)2Mg2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 Β· 18H2O
β“˜Voltaite7.CC.25K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 Β· 18H2O
β“˜Ferrinatrite7.CC.35Na3Fe(SO4)3 Β· 3H2O
β“˜Boussingaultite7.CC.60(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 Β· 6H2O
β“˜Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 Β· 2H2O
β“˜Bassanite7.CD.45Ca(SO4) Β· 0.5H2O
β“˜Carlsonite (TL)7.DF.(NH4)5Fe3+3O(SO4)6 Β· 7H2O
β“˜Metavoltine7.DF.35K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 Β· 18H2O
β“˜Huizingite-(Al) (TL)7.DF.52[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]
β“˜Clairite7.DF.55(NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 Β· 3H2O
Unclassified
β“˜'Sabieite-2H'-
β“˜'Sabieite-3R'-
β“˜'Unnamed (Fe-analogue of Huizingite-(Al))' (TL)-[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Fe3+,Al)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] (?)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Hβ“˜ BassaniteCa(SO4) · 0.5H2O
Hβ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Hβ“˜ Clairite(NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O
Hβ“˜ FerrinatriteNa3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O
Hβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hβ“˜ Kremersite(NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Hβ“˜ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Hβ“˜ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Hβ“˜ MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe63+O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Hβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hβ“˜ Sabieite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2
Hβ“˜ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Hβ“˜ TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Hβ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Hβ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Hβ“˜ Pyracmonite(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3
Hβ“˜ Adranosite-(Fe)(NH4)4NaFe23+(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite(NH4)2Mg52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Hβ“˜ Carlsonite(NH4)5Fe33+O(SO4)6 · 7H2O
Hβ“˜ Huizingite-(Al)[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]
Hβ“˜ Unnamed (Fe-analogue of Huizingite-(Al))[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Fe3+,Al)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] (?)
NNitrogen
Nβ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Nβ“˜ Clairite(NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O
Nβ“˜ Kremersite(NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Nβ“˜ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Nβ“˜ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Nβ“˜ Sabieite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2
Nβ“˜ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Nβ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Nβ“˜ Pyracmonite(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3
Nβ“˜ Adranosite-(Fe)(NH4)4NaFe23+(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
Nβ“˜ Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite(NH4)2Mg52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Nβ“˜ Carlsonite(NH4)5Fe33+O(SO4)6 · 7H2O
Nβ“˜ Huizingite-(Al)[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]
Nβ“˜ Unnamed (Fe-analogue of Huizingite-(Al))[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Fe3+,Al)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] (?)
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Oβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oβ“˜ BassaniteCa(SO4) · 0.5H2O
Oβ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Oβ“˜ Clairite(NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O
Oβ“˜ FerrinatriteNa3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O
Oβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oβ“˜ Kremersite(NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Oβ“˜ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Oβ“˜ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Oβ“˜ MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe63+O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Oβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oβ“˜ Sabieite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2
Oβ“˜ TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Oβ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Oβ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Oβ“˜ Pyracmonite(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3
Oβ“˜ Adranosite-(Fe)(NH4)4NaFe23+(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite(NH4)2Mg52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Oβ“˜ Carlsonite(NH4)5Fe33+O(SO4)6 · 7H2O
Oβ“˜ Huizingite-(Al)[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]
Oβ“˜ Unnamed (Fe-analogue of Huizingite-(Al))[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Fe3+,Al)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] (?)
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ FerrinatriteNa3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O
Naβ“˜ MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe63+O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Naβ“˜ TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Naβ“˜ Adranosite-(Fe)(NH4)4NaFe23+(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Mgβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Mgβ“˜ Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite(NH4)2Mg52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Alβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alβ“˜ TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Alβ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Alβ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Alβ“˜ Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite(NH4)2Mg52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Alβ“˜ Huizingite-(Al)[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]
Alβ“˜ Unnamed (Fe-analogue of Huizingite-(Al))[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Fe3+,Al)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] (?)
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Sβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sβ“˜ BassaniteCa(SO4) · 0.5H2O
Sβ“˜ Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Sβ“˜ Clairite(NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O
Sβ“˜ FerrinatriteNa3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O
Sβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sβ“˜ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Sβ“˜ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Sβ“˜ MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe63+O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Sβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sβ“˜ Sabieite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2
Sβ“˜ SulphurS8
Sβ“˜ TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Sβ“˜ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Sβ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Sβ“˜ Pyracmonite(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3
Sβ“˜ Adranosite-(Fe)(NH4)4NaFe23+(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
Sβ“˜ Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite(NH4)2Mg52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Sβ“˜ Carlsonite(NH4)5Fe33+O(SO4)6 · 7H2O
Sβ“˜ Huizingite-(Al)[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]
Sβ“˜ Unnamed (Fe-analogue of Huizingite-(Al))[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Fe3+,Al)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] (?)
ClChlorine
Clβ“˜ Kremersite(NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Clβ“˜ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Clβ“˜ Adranosite-(Fe)(NH4)4NaFe23+(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Kβ“˜ Kremersite(NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Kβ“˜ MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe63+O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Kβ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caβ“˜ BassaniteCa(SO4) · 0.5H2O
Caβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
FeIron
Feβ“˜ Clairite(NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O
Feβ“˜ FerrinatriteNa3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O
Feβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Feβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feβ“˜ Kremersite(NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Feβ“˜ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Feβ“˜ MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe63+O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Feβ“˜ Sabieite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2
Feβ“˜ VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Feβ“˜ Pyracmonite(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3
Feβ“˜ Adranosite-(Fe)(NH4)4NaFe23+(SO4)4Cl(OH)2
Feβ“˜ Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite(NH4)2Mg52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Feβ“˜ Carlsonite(NH4)5Fe33+O(SO4)6 · 7H2O
Feβ“˜ Huizingite-(Al)[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]
Feβ“˜ Unnamed (Fe-analogue of Huizingite-(Al))[(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Fe3+,Al)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] (?)

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North America PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Larsen, G.,, 2010, Survey inspects a rare Ohio geohazard: Ohio Geology, 2010, v. (1), 7.
Carlson, E., 2010, Analysis of Huron River shale fire minerals reveals two specimens New to Ohio: Ohio Geology, 2010, v. (2), p. 7.
American Mineralogist (1966): 51: 228.
American Mineralogist (1968): 53: 455-463.
Carlson, Ernest H. (1991) Minerals of Ohio. Bulletin 69 (1st ed.) Ohio Division of Geological Survey
Richards, Pete (2012) Minerals from a natural shale fire. The 39th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, April 19 - 22, 2012, Contributed Papers, 41.
Richards, Pete (2014), "What's New" short presentations before the 41st. Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, April 25, 2014.
Kampf, A. R., Richards, R. P., Nash, B. P. (2014) The 2H and 3R polytypes of sabieite, NH4Fe3+(SO4)2, from a natural fire in an oil-bearing shale near Milan, Ohio. American Mineralogist, 99 (7) 1500-1506 doi:10.2138/am.2014.4884
Blake, D. (2015) Carlsonite: New mineral species discovered in northern Ohio: Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Ohio Geology Extra. http://geosurvey.ohiodnr.gov/extra-news-archives/2015-articles/carlsonite.
Kampf, Anthony R., Richards, R. Peter, Nash, Barbara P., Murowchick, James B., Rakovan, John F. (2016) Carlsonite, (NH4)5Fe3+3O(SO4)6Β·7H2O, and huizingite-(Al), (NH4)9Al3(SO4)8(OH)2Β·4H2O, two new minerals from a natural fire in an oil-bearing shale near Milan, Ohio. American Mineralogist, 101 (9) 2095-2107 doi:10.2138/am-2016-5680
Richards, R. Peter, Shewfelt, William R., Carlson, Ernest H., Kampf, Anthony R., Nash, Barbara P. (2017) Mineralogy of the Huron River Shale Fire, Huron County, Ohio. Rocks & Minerals, 92 (3) 244-263 doi:10.1080/00357529.2017.1283660
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