Studtite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Studtite
Franz E. Studt
Formula:
[(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2] · H2O
Colour:
Very pale yellow to yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Specific Gravity:
3.58
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Franz Edward Studt (or Stüdt) (30 November 1873, London, England, UK - 3 July 1953, Holborn, England, UK), geologist for Tanganyika Concessions Ltd. He prepared an important geological map of Katanga, published in 1913.
Dinah Pantic writes in http://www.mindat.org/mesg-7-192418.html. "Frank Edward Studt was my grandfather. He was trained as a metallurgist and graduated from Imperial College in London about 1898. He was English and his parents originally from Germany. After graduating he worked in the Belgian Congo for about 20 years for a Belgian company. I have many of his original diaries from this time."
Dinah Pantic writes in http://www.mindat.org/mesg-7-192418.html. "Frank Edward Studt was my grandfather. He was trained as a metallurgist and graduated from Imperial College in London about 1898. He was English and his parents originally from Germany. After graduating he worked in the Belgian Congo for about 20 years for a Belgian company. I have many of his original diaries from this time."
A rare secondary uranium mineral containing a peroxide group in its crystal structure.
May dehydrate to metastudtite.
May dehydrate to metastudtite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3815
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3815:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
f7df5b2e-762d-4c0a-b4c6-fa05f0685aef
IMA Classification of Studtite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2 · 2H2O
First published:
1947
Classification of Studtite
4.GA.15
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
G : Uranyl Hydroxides
A : Without additional cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
G : Uranyl Hydroxides
A : Without additional cations
5.3.1.1
5 : OXIDES CONTAINING URANIUM OR THORIUM
3 : AXO4·xH2O
5 : OXIDES CONTAINING URANIUM OR THORIUM
3 : AXO4·xH2O
7.16.6
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
16 : Oxides of U
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
16 : Oxides of U
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Stu | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Studtite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Very pale yellow to yellow
Comment:
Soft
Tenacity:
Flexible
Density:
3.58 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.73 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Studtite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.537 - 1.551 nβ = 1.555 - 1.686 nγ = 1.680 - 1.690
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.143
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Comments:
2V(meas.) = Small.
Chemistry of Studtite
Mindat Formula:
[(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2] · H2O
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Studtite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/b
Setting:
C2/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 14.068(6) Å, b = 6.721(3) Å, c = 8.428(4) Å
β = 123(6)°
β = 123(6)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.093 : 1 : 1.254
Unit Cell V:
668.32 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crusts and radial aggregates of flexible, fibrous crystals.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0003153 | Studtite | Burns P C, Hughes K-A (2003) Studtite, [(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2](H2O)2: The first structure of a peroxide mineral American Mineralogist 88 1165-1168 |  | 2003 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.93 Å | (100) |
| 4.27 Å | (40) |
| 3.40 Å | (80) |
| 2.96 Å | (60) |
| 2.23 Å | (60) |
| 2.02 Å | (50) |
| 1.970 Å | (50b) |
Comments:
Menzenschwand, Germany. Data from Walenta (1974).
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47f : [Uranyl (U⁶⁺) minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Studtite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Belgium Museum of Natural Sciences, Brussels (RC4372).
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Vaes J F (1947) Six nouveaux minéraux d'urane provenant de Shinkolobwe (Katanga). Bulletin société belge de Géologie, de paleontology et d’hydrologie, Brussels: 70: B 212-B225.
Other Language Names for Studtite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 29 photos of Studtite associated with Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 21 photos of Studtite associated with Fourmarierite | Pb(UO2)4O3(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 14 photos of Studtite associated with Uraninite | UO2 |
| 9 photos of Studtite associated with Phosphuranylite | KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O |
| 9 photos of Studtite associated with Becquerelite | Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O |
| 6 photos of Studtite associated with Parauranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 6 photos of Studtite associated with Lepersonnite-(Gd) | Ca(Gd,Dy)2(UO2)24(SiO4)4(CO3)8(OH)24 · 48H2O |
| 5 photos of Studtite associated with Rutherfordine | (UO2)CO3 |
| 5 photos of Studtite associated with Curite | Pb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2 |
| 4 photos of Studtite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.GA.05 | Metaschoepite | (UO2)8O2(OH)12 · 10H2O |
| 4.GA.05 | Paraschoepite | UO3 · 2H2O |
| 4.GA.05 | Schoepite | (UO2)8O2(OH)12 · 12H2O |
| 4.GA.10 | Ianthinite | U4+(UO2)5O7 · 10H2O |
| 4.GA.15 | Metastudtite | UO4 · 2H2O |
| 4.GA.20 | Paulscherrerite | UO2(OH)2 |
| 4.GA.25 | Heisenbergite | UO2(OH) · 2H2O (simplified UO3 · 2H2 O) |
Other Information
Notes:
radioactive
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Studtite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3815.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Studtite
Reference List:
Burns, Peter C., Hughes, Karrie-Ann (2003) Studtite, [(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2](H2O)2: The first structure of a peroxide mineral. American Mineralogist, 88 (7) 1165-1168 doi:10.2138/am-2003-0725
Localities for Studtite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Paar et al. (1978) |
| Strasser (1989) | |
Brazil | |
| Pires et al. (2014) |
| Tony Nikischer |
China | |
| Aizhen Wang (1992) |
| Anthony |
| Chen Zhangru et al. (1990) |
Czech Republic | |
| Plášil J. et al. (2008) |
| Plášil J. et al. (2008) | |
| Pauliš P. et al. (Kutna Hora, issue 1) |
| Collected by Jan Hloušek +1 other reference |
| Pauliš |
DR Congo (TL) | |
| Walenta (1974) +2 other references |
| Deliens | |
| Deliens (1992) |
| Wilson (2018) |
| Fleischer et al. (1982) |
France | |
| |
| - (1998) |
| Lièvre et al. (2002) |
| Lièvre et al. (2002) |
| Lackner et al. (11/2020) |
| Caubel (1997) |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) +1 other reference |
| 54 (in German) +1 other reference |
| |
| Collection Elmar Lackner. Analytical ... |
| Stolze et al. (10/2020) |
Italy | |
| Borrelli et al. (2013) |
Norway | |
| Kristiansen (1990) |
| Husdal (2019) |
Switzerland | |
| Meisser (2012) |
Ukraine | |
| Burakov et al. () +1 other reference |
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Shinkolobwe Mine, Shinkolobwe, Kambove Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo