Grimselite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Grimselite
Formula:
K3Na(UO2)(CO3)3 · H2O
Colour:
Yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
3.30
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
For the Grimsel area, in which the type locality is situated.
This page provides mineralogical data about Grimselite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1751
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1751:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
a04becab-61d7-4df1-8e67-938d41a58723
IMA Classification of Grimselite
Approved
Approval year:
1971
First published:
1972
Classification of Grimselite
5.ED.35
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
E : Uranyl Carbonates
D : UO2:CO3 = 1:3
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
E : Uranyl Carbonates
D : UO2:CO3 = 1:3
15.2.6.1
15 : HYDRATED NORMAL CARBONATES
2 : AmBn(XO3)p·xH2O, with (m+n):p > 1:1
15 : HYDRATED NORMAL CARBONATES
2 : AmBn(XO3)p·xH2O, with (m+n):p > 1:1
11.11.4
11 : Carbonates
11 : Carbonates of Cr and U
11 : Carbonates
11 : Carbonates of Cr and U
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Gsl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Grimselite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Yellow
Streak:
pale yellow
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
3.30 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.27 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured on synthetic material
Optical Data of Grimselite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.601(2) nε = 1.480(2)
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.121
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Distinct; 0 == yellow; E== colorless.
Comments:
weakly biaxial (-).
Chemistry of Grimselite
Mindat Formula:
K3Na(UO2)(CO3)3 · H2O
Crystallography of Grimselite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6 m2 - Ditrigonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P62c
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.30(2) Å, c = 8.26(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.888
Unit Cell V:
618.69 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0005731 | Grimselite | Li Y, Burns P C (2001) The crystal structure of synthetic grimselite, K3Na[(UO2)(CO3)3](H2O) The Canadian Mineralogist 39 1147-1151 |  | 2001 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.76 Å | (10) |
| 8.09 Å | (8) |
| 3.08 Å | (8 |
| 0.985 Å | (8) |
| 3.65 Å | (7b) |
| 2.86 Å | (7) |
| 2.68 Å | (7) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
| 47f : [Uranyl (U⁶⁺) minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Grimselite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Prismatic hexagonal crystals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Institute for Mineralogy and Crystal Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary mineral in veins in mineralized granodiorite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Walenta, K. (1972) Grimselit, ein neues Kalium-Natrium-Uranylkarbonat aus dem Grimselgebiet (Oberhasli, Kt. Bern, Schweiz). Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 52, 93-108. (Abs. in American Mineralogist (1973): 58: 139).
Synonyms of Grimselite
Other Language Names for Grimselite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.ED. | Paramarkeyite | Ca2(UO2)(CO3)3 · 5H2O |
| 5.ED. | Pendevilleite-(Y) | Mg2Y3Al(UO2)2(CO3)7(OH)6(H2O)16 |
| 5.ED.05 | Bayleyite | Mg2(UO2)(CO3)3 · 18H2O |
| 5.ED.10 | Swartzite | MgCa(UO2)(CO3)3 · 12H2O |
| 5.ED.15 | Albrechtschraufite | Ca4Mg(UO2)2(CO3)6F2 · 17-18H2O |
| 5.ED.20 | Liebigite | Ca2(UO2)(CO3)3 · 11H2O |
| 5.ED.25 | Rabbittite | Ca3Mg3(UO2)2(CO3)6(OH)4 · 18H2O |
| 5.ED.30 | Andersonite | Na2Ca(UO2)(CO3)3 · 6H2O |
| 5.ED.40 | Widenmannite | Pb2(OH)2[(UO2)(CO3)2] |
| 5.ED.45 | Znucalite | Zn10Ca0.83(UO2)0.83(CO3)4(OH)15.31(H2O)5.48 |
| 5.ED.50 | Čejkaite | Na4(UO2)(CO3)3 |
| 5.ED.50 | Agricolaite | K4(UO2)(CO3)3 |
| 5.ED.55 | Línekite | K2Ca3[(UO2)(CO3)3]2 · 8H2O |
| 5.ED.55 | Braunerite | K2Ca(UO2)(CO3)3 · 6H2O |
| 5.ED.60 | Leószilárdite | Na6Mg(UO2)2(CO3)6 · 6H2O |
| 5.ED.65 | Pseudomarkeyite | Ca8(UO2)4(CO3)12 · 21H2O |
| 5.ED.65 | Markeyite | Ca9(UO2)4(CO3)13 · 28H2O |
| 5.ED.65 | Natromarkeyite | Na2Ca8(UO2)4(CO3)13 · 27H2O |
| 5.ED.70 | Paddlewheelite | MgCa5Cu2(UO2)4(CO3)12(H2O)33 |
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in water
Health Risks:
Radioactive
Internet Links for Grimselite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1751.html
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References for Grimselite
Reference List:
Li, Y., Burns, P. C. (2001) The crystal structure of synthetic grimselite, K3Na[(UO2)(CO3)3](H2O) The Canadian Mineralogist, 39 (4) 1147-1151 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.39.4.1147
Kubatko, K.-A. (2005) Thermodynamics of uranyl minerals: Enthalpies of formation of rutherfordine, UO2CO3, andersonite, Na2CaUO2(CO3)3(H2O)5, and grimselite, K3NaUO2(CO3)3H2O. American Mineralogist, 90 (8) 1284-1290 doi:10.2138/am.2005.1821
Burns, Peter C. (2005) U6+ minerals and inorganic compounds: insights into an expanded structural hierarchy of crystal structures. The Canadian Mineralogist, 43 (6) 1839-1894 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.43.6.1839
Plášil, J., Fejfarová, K., Skála, R., Škoda, R., Meisser, N., Hlousek, J., Císařová, I., Dušek, M., Veselovský, F., Čejka, J., Sejkora, J., Ondruš, P. (2012) The crystal chemistry of the uranyl carbonate mineral grimselite, (K, Na)3Na[(UO2)(CO3)3](H2O), from Jáchymov, Czech Republic. Mineralogical Magazine, 76 (3) 443-453 doi:10.1180/minmag.2012.076.3.01
Localities for Grimselite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic | |
| Tvrdý et al. (2010) |
| Pauliš P. et al. (Kutna Hora, issue 1) | |
| Plášil et al. (2017) | |
Switzerland (TL) | |
| Walenta (1972) |
| Laverov et al. (2008) |
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Rovnost Mine, Jáchymov, Karlovy Vary District, Karlovy Vary Region, Czech Republic