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Khinite

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Big Photo

Bird Nest drift, Otto Mountain, Baker, San Bernardino Co., California, USA
© JM 2010

Show Khinite Photos (23)



Formula:
Pb
2+
 
Cu
2+
3
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
System:OrthorhombicColour:Dark green to bottle ...
Hardness:3
Name:For Basaw Khin, Phelps Dodge mineralogist


The structure of khinite contains layers of edge-sharing {Cu(O,OH)6} and {Te(O,OH)6} octahedra with a net chemical composition of {TeCu3(O,OH)8}. Identical layers also occur in parakhinite (Cooper et al., 2008). Thus, the mineral is not an ortho-tellurate, as it does not contain distinct (TeO6) groups, as the formula might suggest.

Classification of Khinite

IMA status:Approved 1978
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/K.15-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.FD.30

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
D : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 7th edition ID:33.1.3.1
Dana 8th edition ID:33.1.3.1

33 : SELENATES AND TELLURATES
1 : (AB)m(XO4)pZq
Hey's CIM Ref.:28.4.8

28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
4 : Tellurates
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Type Occurrence of Khinite

Type Locality:Old Guard Mine (Royal Guard Mine), Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:Deeply etched curved or barrel shaped bipyramids
Place of Conservation of Type Material:British Museum
Year of Discovery:1978
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TenoriteQuetzalcoatliteQuartzGoldDugganite
ChrysocollaChlorargyrite

Physical Properties of Khinite

Colour:Dark green to bottle green
Streak:vivid green
Hardness (Mohs):3
Density (measured):6.5 - 7 g/cm3
Density (calculated):6.29 g/cm3

Crystallography of Khinite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:Fdd2
Cell Parameters:a = 5.749(10) Å, b = 10.0176(14) Å, c = 24.022(3) Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.574 : 1 : 2.398
Unit Cell Volume:V 1383.6 ų
Z:8
Comment:from Empire Mine, Tombstone, Arizona

Optical Data of Khinite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 2.110 nβ = 2.112 nγ = 2.165
2V:Measured: 20° , Calculated: 24°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.055

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:strong

Chemical Properties of Khinite

Formula:
Pb
2+
 
Cu
2+
3
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
Essential elements:Cu, H, O, Pb, Te
All elements listed in formula:Cu, H, O, Pb, Te

Relationship of Khinite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.FD.05Spertiniite
Cu(OH)
 
2
4.FD.10Bracewellite
CrO(OH)
4.FD.10Diaspore
AlO(OH)
4.FD.10Goethite
α-Fe
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.10Groutite
Mn
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.10Guyanaite
CrO(OH)
4.FD.10Montroseite
(V
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)O(OH)
4.FD.10Tsumgallite
GaO(OH)
4.FD.15Manganite
Mn
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.20Yttrotungstite-(Y)
YW
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
4.FD.20Yttrotungstite-(Ce)
(Ce,Nd,Y)W
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
4.FD.20Unnamed (Nd-analogue of Yttrotungstite-(Ce) )
(Nd,Ce, La)W
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
4.FD.25Frankhawthorneite
Cu
 
2
Te
6+
 
O
 
4
(OH)
 
2
4.FD.30Parakhinite
Pb
2+
 
Cu
2+
3
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
28.4.1Xocomecatlite
Cu
 
3
(TeO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
28.4.2Carlfriesite
CaTe
4+
2
Te
6+
 
O
 
8
28.4.3Yafsoanite
Ca
 
3
Zn
 
3
(TeO
 
6
)
 
2
28.4.4Tlalocite
Cu
 
10
Zn
 
6
(Te
6+
 
O
 
4
)
 
2
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)(OH)
 
25
Cl · 27H
 
2
O
28.4.5Oboyerite
H
 
6
(Pb,Ca)
 
6
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)
 
3
(Te
6+
 
O
 
6
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
28.4.6Schieffelinite
Pb
 
8
(TeO
 
4
)
 
5
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 8H
 
2
O
28.4.7Girdite
H
 
2
Pb
 
3
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)(Te
6+
 
O
 
6
)
28.4.9Parakhinite
Pb
2+
 
Cu
2+
3
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
28.4.10Dugganite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(TeO
 
6
)
28.4.11Kuksite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(TeO
 
6
)
28.4.12Cheremnykhite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(TeO
 
6
)
28.4.13Tlapallite
H
 
6
(Ca,Pb)
 
2
(Cu,Zn)
 
3
(TeO
 
3
)
 
4
(TeO
 
6
)(SO
 
4
)
28.4.14Montanite
Bi
 
2
(TeO
 
6
) · 2H
 
2
O
28.4.15Kuranakhite
PbMn
4+
 
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
28.4.16Cuzticite
Fe
3+
2
(TeO
 
6
) · 3H
 
2
O
28.4.17Yecoraite
Fe
3+
3
Bi
 
5
(Te
6+
 
O
 
4
)
 
2
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)O
 
9
 · 9H
 
2
O

Other Names for Khinite

Synonyms:
IMA1978-035
Other Languages:
German:Khinit
Spanish:Khinita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:None
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Khinite

Reference List:

- +
Williams, S.A. (1978), Khinite, parakhinite, and dugganite, three new tellurates from Tombstone, AZ, American Mineralogist: 63: 1016-1019.

Cooper, M.A., F.C.Hawthorne, & M.E.Back (2008), The crystal structure of khinite and polytypism in khinite and parakhinite. Mineralogical Magazine 72(3),763-770(2008)

Internet Links for Khinite

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    • Localities for Khinite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Mexico
     
    • Sonora
      • Mun. de Moctezuma
    		Lapis 2001(1), 11-40
    Maggie Wilson
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Tombstone Hills
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 209; Williams, S.A. (1978), Khinite, parakhinite, and dugganite, three new tellurates from Tombstone, Arizona, Am.Min.: 63: 1016-1019.
    Brent Thorne
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 267; Williams, S.A. (1978), Khinite, parakhinite, and dugganite, three new tellurates from Tombstone, AZ, Am.Min.: 63: 1016-1019.
    • California
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Baker
    		Collected by and in the collections of Brent Thorne. EDS confirmed by Robert Housley.
    Van King
          • Otto Mountain
    		EDS and XRD confirmed.
    Joe Marty specimens
    Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
    Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
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