Ruizite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Ruizite
Joe Ruiz and Dick Thomssen
Formula:
Ca2Mn3+2[Si4O11(OH)2](OH)2 · 2H2O
formerly reported as Ca2Mn3+2[(OH)2|H2Si4O13].2H2O
Colour:
Orange, red-brown
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
2.9
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named after Mr. Joe Ana Ruiz (1924-2017), Pharmacist, Justice of the Peace, mineralogist and mineral collector of Mammoth, Arizona. Life Member Mineralogical Society of Arizona.
Isostructural with:
The Ca-analogue of strontioruizite.
The structure (basing on recent refinement by Fendrich et al., 2016) is based on [010] chains consisting of edge-sharing MnO6 octahedra; the octahedra are surrounded by finite [Si4O11(OH)2] chains. Calcium atoms, [7]Ca, are located in cavities formed by the above atom groupings.
The structure (basing on recent refinement by Fendrich et al., 2016) is based on [010] chains consisting of edge-sharing MnO6 octahedra; the octahedra are surrounded by finite [Si4O11(OH)2] chains. Calcium atoms, [7]Ca, are located in cavities formed by the above atom groupings.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3476
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3476:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
bfef60a3-0fc5-4ad5-ba17-a24991606892
IMA Classification of Ruizite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ca2Mn3+2Si4O11(OH)4 · 2H2O
Approval year:
1977
First published:
1977
Classification of Ruizite
9.BJ.35
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
J : Sorosilicates with Si3O10, Si4O11, etc. anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
J : Sorosilicates with Si3O10, Si4O11, etc. anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
57.2.2.1
57 : SOROSILICATES Si3O10 Groups and Larger Noncyclic Groups
2 : Insular Si3O10 and Larger Noncyclic Groups with [Si4O13] groups
57 : SOROSILICATES Si3O10 Groups and Larger Noncyclic Groups
2 : Insular Si3O10 and Larger Noncyclic Groups with [Si4O13] groups
14.18.23
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Rz | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Ruizite
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Orange, red-brown
Streak:
Apricot yellow
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Density:
2.9(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.997 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Ruizite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.663 nβ = 1.715 nγ = 1.734
2V:
Measured: 60.2° , Calculated: 60.7°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.071
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
strong r > v
Optical Extinction:
X = b; Z ∧ c = 44°.
Comments:
Absorption: Y > Z >> X.
Chemistry of Ruizite
Mindat Formula:
Ca2Mn3+2[Si4O11(OH)2](OH)2 · 2H2O
formerly reported as Ca2Mn3+2[(OH)2|H2Si4O13].2H2O
formerly reported as Ca2Mn3+2[(OH)2|H2Si4O13].2H2O
Crystallography of Ruizite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2 - Sphenoidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.0360(3) Å, b = 6.1682(2) Å, c = 11.9601(4) Å
β = 91.433(2)°
β = 91.433(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.465 : 1 : 1.939
Unit Cell V:
666.41 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Euhedral prismatic crystals to 1mm, spherules of radial acicular crystals. Forms include a{100}, q{102}, s{10_2}, p{111}, and d{011}.
Twinning:
Common on {100}
Comment:
Space group: A2; Fendrich et al. (2016) have shown that the first-study space group (A2) is more likely than the further reported one (C2/m)
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000967 | Ruizite | Moore P B, Shen J, Araki T (1985) Crystal chemistry of the (M2)3+ phi2 sheet: Structural principles and crystal structures of ruizite, macfallite and orientite American Mineralogist 70 171-181 |  | 1985 | Nchwaning mine, Kalahari manganese field, South Africa | 0 | 293 |
| 0020603 | Ruizite | Fendrich K V, Downs R T, Origlieri M J (2016) Redetermination of ruizite, Ca2Mn3+2[Si4O11(OH)](OH)2*2H2O Acta Crystallographica E72 959-963 |  | 2016 | Wessels mine, Northern Cape Province, South Africa | 0 | 293 |
| 0019985 | Ruizite | Hawthorne F C (1984) The crystal structure of ruizite, a sorosilicate with an (Si4PHI13) cluster Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 33 135-146 | 1984 | Wessels mine, Kalahari manganese fields, South Africa | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 11.951 Å | (100) |
| 4.190 Å | (70) |
| 3.116 Å | (60) |
| 5.092 Å | (50) |
| 3.644 Å | (40) |
| 2.951 Å | (40) |
| 2.591 Å | (40) |
Comments:
Christmas Mine, Arizona, USA. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Ruizite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Spherules of radially arranged acicular crystals, rarely as scattered and isolated euhedra, in veinlets and on fracture surfaces in meta-limestones.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 119096.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 136689.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1980,534.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 119096.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 136689.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1980,534.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Cooling of a high temperature calc-silicate rock under oxidizing conditions.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Williams, S.A., Duggan, M. (1977) Ruizite, a new silicate mineral from Christmas, Arizona. Mineralogical Magazine: 41: 429-432.
Synonyms of Ruizite
Other Language Names for Ruizite
Relationship of Ruizite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Strontioruizite | Sr2Mn3+2Si4O11(OH)4 · 2H2O | Mon. 2 : B2 |
| Taniajacoite | SrCaMn3+2Si4O11(OH)4 · 2H2O | Tric. 1 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 21 photos of Ruizite associated with Hydroxyapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O |
| 18 photos of Ruizite associated with Kinoite | Ca2Cu2(H2O)2[Si3O10] |
| 14 photos of Ruizite associated with Apachite | Cu9Si10O29 · 11H2O |
| 13 photos of Ruizite associated with Gilalite | Cu5Si6O17 · 7H2O |
| 7 photos of Ruizite associated with Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| 5 photos of Ruizite associated with Sugilite | KNa2Fe3+2Li3[Si12O30] |
| 4 photos of Ruizite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 3 photos of Ruizite associated with Clinoenstatite | MgSiO3 |
| 3 photos of Ruizite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 2 photos of Ruizite associated with Norrishite | KLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.BJ. | Arsenmedaite | Mn2+6 As5+Si5O18(OH) |
| 9.BJ.05 | Orientite | Ca8Mn3+10(SiO4)3(Si3O10)3(OH)10 · 4H2O |
| 9.BJ.10 | Rosenhahnite | HCa3[Si3O9(OH)] |
| 9.BJ.15 | Trabzonite | Ca4(Si3O9)(OH)2 |
| 9.BJ.20 | Thalénite-(Y) | Y3Si3O10F |
| 9.BJ.25 | Tiragalloite | Mn2+4As5+Si3O12(OH) |
| 9.BJ.30 | Medaite | Mn2+6V5+Si5O18(OH) |
| 9.BJ.35 | Taniajacoite | SrCaMn3+2Si4O11(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 9.BJ.35 | Strontioruizite | Sr2Mn3+2Si4O11(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 9.BJ.40 | Ardennite-(As) | Mn2+4Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| 9.BJ.40 | Ardennite-(V) | Mn2+4Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| 9.BJ.40 | Kannanite | Ca4Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| 9.BJ.40 | Alpeite | Ca4Mn3+2Al2(Mn3+Mg)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(V5+O4)(OH)6 |
| 9.BJ.45 | Kilchoanite | Ca6(SiO4)(Si3O10) |
| 9.BJ.50 | Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| 9.BJ.50 | Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| 9.BJ.55 | Zunyite | Al13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl |
| 9.BJ.60 | Hubeite | Ca2Mn2+Fe3+Si4O12(OH) · 2H2O |
| 9.BJ.65 | Cassagnaite | (Ca,Mn2+)4(Fe3+,Mn3+,Al)4(V3+,Mg,Al)2(Si3O10)(SiO4)2(OH,O)8 |
| 9.BJ.70 | Pavlovskyite | Ca8(SiO4)2(Si3O10) |
Other Information
Notes:
Negligible reaction to 1:1 HCl, 1:1 HNO3, and 40% KOH when the reagents are cold, but readily dissolves in all three when heated.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Ruizite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3476.html
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References for Ruizite
Reference List:
Williams, S. A., Duggan, M. (1977) Ruizite, a new silicate mineral from Christmas, Arizona. Mineralogical Magazine, 41 (320) 429-432 doi:10.1180/minmag.1977.041.320.01
Hawthorne, F. C. (1984) The crystal structure of ruizite, a sorosilicate with an [Si4Ø13] cluster. TMPM Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 33 (2) 135-146 doi:10.1007/bf01083069
Localities for Ruizite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy | |
| Balestra et al. (2009) |
Romania | |
| Hîrtopanu P. et al. (2022) |
South Africa | |
| Y.Okazaki collection |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
| Von Bezing (1991) | |
USA (TL) | |
| Williams et al. (1977) +2 other references |
| Kearns et al. (2008) |
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Cornwall Mines, Cornwall Borough, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, USA