Xocolatlite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Xocolatlite
Formula:
Ca2Mn4+2(Te6+O6)2 · H2O
Colour:
Chocolate-brown (RAL 8017)
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2 - 3
Specific Gravity:
4.70 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Derived from the Nahuatl word 'xocolatl' or 'xocoatl', meaning 'bitter water', and is the root for 'chocolate', in reference to the mineral's chocolate-brown color, and the Mexican type-locality.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
38843
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:38843:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
2b03e001-fc7d-4f3d-8e9c-0949d08f8df0
IMA Classification of Xocolatlite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ca2Mn4+2Te6+2O12 · H2O
Approval year:
2007
First published:
2008
Type description reference:
Grundler, P. V., Brugger, J., Meisser, N., Ansermet, S., Borg, S., Etschmann, B., Testemale, D., Bolin, T. (2008) Xocolatlite, Ca2Mn4+2Te2O12·H2O, a new tellurate related to kuranakhite: Description and measurement of Te oxidation state by XANES spectroscopy. American Mineralogist, 93 (11) 1911-1920 doi:10.2138/am.2008.2870
Classification of Xocolatlite
7.CC.85
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Xoc | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Xocolatlite
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Xocolatlite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Chocolate-brown (RAL 8017)
Streak:
Copper-brown (RAL 8004)
Hardness:
2 - 3 on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
mica-like
mica-like
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
4.70 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Xocolatlite
Mindat Formula:
Ca2Mn4+2(Te6+O6)2 · H2O
Crystallography of Xocolatlite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.757(3) Å, b = 4.928(3) Å, c = 8.492(2) Å
β = 102.39(3)°
β = 102.39(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.183 : 1 : 1.723
Unit Cell V:
463 ų
Z:
2
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.267 Å | (100) |
2.52 Å | (71) |
4.361 Å | (51) |
1.762 Å | (39) |
4.924 Å | (34) |
2.244 Å | (32) |
1.455 Å | (24) |
1.996 Å | (21) |
1.565 Å | (20) |
2.353 Å | (18) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] | |
47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Xocolatlite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Brown crystalline crusts.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Musée Cantonal de Géologie, Lausanne, Switzerland, MGL90740.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Epithermal quartz-tellurium-gold vein system.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Grundler, P.V., Brugger, J., Meisser, N., Ansermet, S., Borg, S., Etschmann, B., Testemale, D., and Bolin, T. (2008) Xocolatlite, Ca2Mn4+2Te2O12·H2O, a new tellurate related to kuranakhite: Description and measurement of Te oxidation state by XANES spectroscopy. American Mineralogist: 93: 1911-1920.
Synonyms of Xocolatlite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
6 photos of Xocolatlite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
6 photos of Xocolatlite associated with Dagenaisite | Zn3Te6+O6 |
3 photos of Xocolatlite associated with Carlfriesite | CaTe4+2Te6+O8 |
3 photos of Xocolatlite associated with Tellurite | TeO2 |
2 photos of Xocolatlite associated with Andymcdonaldite | Fe2TeO6 |
1 photo of Xocolatlite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
1 photo of Xocolatlite associated with Leisingite | Cu2MgTe6+O6 · 6H2O |
1 photo of Xocolatlite associated with Eurekadumpite | (Cu,Zn)16(TeO3)2(AsO4)3Cl(OH)18 · 7H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.CC. | Cobaltoblödite | Na2Co(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
7.CC. | Andychristyite | PbCu2+Te6+O5(H2O) |
7.CC. | Ammoniovoltaite | (NH4)2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12(H2O)18 |
7.CC.05 | Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
7.CC.10 | Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.15 | Kalinite | KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O |
7.CC.15 | Mendozite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O |
7.CC.20 | Lonecreekite | (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
7.CC.20 | Alum-(K) | KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
7.CC.20 | Alum-(Na) | NaAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
7.CC.20 | Tschermigite | (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
7.CC.20 | Lanmuchangite | Tl+Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
7.CC.25 | Voltaite | K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
7.CC.25 | Zincovoltaite | K2Zn5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
7.CC.25 | Pertlikite | K2(Fe2+,Mg)2Mg4Fe3+2Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
7.CC.25 | Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite | (NH4)2Mg2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
7.CC.25 | Magnesiovoltaite | K2Mg5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
7.CC.30 | Kröhnkite | Na2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
7.CC.35 | Ferrinatrite | Na3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O |
7.CC.40 | Goldichite | KFe(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
7.CC.45 | Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
7.CC.50 | Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
7.CC.50 | Nickelblödite | Na2(Ni,Mg)(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
7.CC.50 | Changoite | Na2Zn(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
7.CC.55 | Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
7.CC.55 | Mereiterite | K2Fe(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
7.CC.60 | Boussingaultite | (NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.60 | Cyanochroite | K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.60 | Mohrite | (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.60 | Nickelboussingaultite | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.60 | Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.60 | Nickelpicromerite | K2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.60 | Katerinopoulosite | (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.65 | Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
7.CC.70 | Leightonite | K2Ca2Cu(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
7.CC.75 | Amarillite | NaFe(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.CC.80 | Konyaite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O |
7.CC.85 | Wattevilleite | Na2Ca(SO4)2 · 4H2O (?) |
7.CC.90 | Eckhardite | (Ca,Pb)Cu2+Te6+O5(H2O) |
Fluorescence of Xocolatlite
None observed
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Xocolatlite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-38843.html
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References for Xocolatlite
Reference List:
Grundler, P. V., Brugger, J., Meisser, N., Ansermet, S., Borg, S., Etschmann, B., Testemale, D., Bolin, T. (2008) Xocolatlite, Ca2Mn4+2Te2O12·H2O, a new tellurate related to kuranakhite: Description and measurement of Te oxidation state by XANES spectroscopy. American Mineralogist, 93 (11) 1911-1920 doi:10.2138/am.2008.2870
Localities for Xocolatlite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy | |
| M.E. Ciriotti personal communication |
Mexico (TL) | |
| Grundler et al. (2008) |
USA | |
| Kampf et al. (2022) |
| MarekC collection 2019 |
Coolbaugh et al. (2020) | |
| EDS and Raman analyzed by Joy Desor. |
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Moctezuma Mine, Moctezuma, Moctezuma Municipality, Sonora, Mexico