Blödite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Blödite
Formula:
Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
May contain some K replacing Na.
Colour:
Colourless, bluish-green, reddish; colourless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
2.218 - 2.24
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Carl (Karl) August Blöde (14 August 1773, Freiberg Saxony, Germany - 28 August 1820) German Privy Financial Councilor, chemist and author. The variant spelling bloedite was rejected by the IMA in 1960.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
695
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:695:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
8f43c227-a440-4c27-b3d2-35735d04f988
IMA Classification of Blödite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1821
Classification of Blödite
7.CC.50
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
29.3.3.1
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
3 : A2B(XO4)2·xH2O
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
3 : A2B(XO4)2·xH2O
25.3.9
25 : Sulphates
3 : Sulphates of Mg
25 : Sulphates
3 : Sulphates of Mg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Blö | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Blödite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colourless, bluish-green, reddish; colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness:
2½ - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.218 - 2.24 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.23 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Blödite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.483 nβ = 1.486 nγ = 1.487
2V:
Measured: 71° , Calculated: 58°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.004
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
relatively strong
Chemistry of Blödite
Mindat Formula:
Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
May contain some K replacing Na.
May contain some K replacing Na.
Crystallography of Blödite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/a
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.04 Å, b = 8.15 Å, c = 5.49 Å
β = 100.41°
β = 100.41°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.355 : 1 : 0.674
Unit Cell V:
485.84 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals short prismatic [001], frequently highly modified. Massive, granular or compact.
Crystallographic forms of Blödite
Crystal Atlas:
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Blödite no.1 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Blödite no.4 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by
www.smorf.nl.
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X-Ray Powder Diffraction
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.252 Å | (100) |
| 4.555 Å | (95) |
| 3.289 Å | (95) |
| 2.971 Å | (40) |
| 2.732 Å | (40) |
| 4.281 Å | (30) |
| 2.025 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 25 : Evaporites (prebiotic) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45a : [Sulfates, arsenates, selenates, antimonates] | |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Geological Setting:
Oceanic salt deposits; lacustrine salt deposits; nitrate deposits in arid regions.
Type Occurrence of Blödite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oceanic salt deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
John, J.F. (1821) Chemische Zerlegung eines neuen fossilen Salzes, des Blödits. in Chemische Untersuchungen mineralischer, vegetabilischer und animalischer Substanzen, Maurerschen Buchhandlung (Berlin): 240-247.
Synonyms of Blödite
Other Language Names for Blödite
Italian:Bloedite
Russian:Бледит
Simplified Chinese:白钠镁矾
Spanish:Astrachanita
Astrakhanita
Blödita
Astrakhanita
Blödita
Traditional Chinese:白鈉鎂礬
Varieties of Blödite
| Natronkalisimonyit | A variety containing a small amount of K (0.43%) |
Relationship of Blödite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Changoite | Na2Zn(SO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Cobaltoblödite | Na2Co(SO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Manganoblödite | Na2Mn(SO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Nickelblödite | Na2(Ni,Mg)(SO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 6 photos of Blödite associated with Betpakdalite-NaCa | [Na2(H2O)17Ca(H2O)6][Mo6+8As5+2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 6 photos of Blödite associated with Hexahydrite | MgSO4 · 6H2O |
| 6 photos of Blödite associated with Nitratine | NaNO3 |
| 6 photos of Blödite associated with Bandylite | Cu[B(OH)4]Cl |
| 2 photos of Blödite associated with Thénardite | Na2SO4 |
| 2 photos of Blödite associated with Konyaite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O |
| 1 photo of Blödite associated with Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 1 photo of Blödite associated with Sideronatrite | Na2Fe(SO4)2(OH) · 3H2O |
| 1 photo of Blödite associated with Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Blödite associated with Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.CC. | Cobaltoblödite | Na2Co(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC. | Andychristyite | PbCu2+Te6+O5(H2O) |
| 7.CC. | Ammoniovoltaite | (NH4)2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12(H2O)18 |
| 7.CC.05 | Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| 7.CC.10 | Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.15 | Kalinite | KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O |
| 7.CC.15 | Mendozite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Lonecreekite | (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Alum-(K) | KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Alum-(Na) | NaAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Tschermigite | (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Lanmuchangite | Tl+Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Voltaite | K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Zincovoltaite | K2Zn5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Pertlikite | K2(Fe2+,Mg)2Mg4Fe3+2Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite | (NH4)2Mg2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Magnesiovoltaite | K2Mg5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.30 | Kröhnkite | Na2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 7.CC.35 | Ferrinatrite | Na3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O |
| 7.CC.40 | Goldichite | KFe(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.45 | Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| 7.CC.50 | Nickelblödite | Na2(Ni,Mg)(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.50 | Changoite | Na2Zn(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.55 | Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.55 | Mereiterite | K2Fe(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Boussingaultite | (NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Cyanochroite | K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Mohrite | (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Nickelboussingaultite | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Nickelpicromerite | K2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Katerinopoulosite | (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.65 | Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| 7.CC.70 | Leightonite | K2Ca2Cu(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| 7.CC.75 | Amarillite | NaFe(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.80 | Konyaite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O |
| 7.CC.85 | Wattevilleite | Na2Ca(SO4)2 · 4H2O (?) |
| 7.CC.85 | Xocolatlite | Ca2Mn4+2(Te6+O6)2 · H2O |
| 7.CC.90 | Eckhardite | (Ca,Pb)Cu2+Te6+O5(H2O) |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
dehydration, endothermic, occurs at 380 and 500 K; first product is löweite; at the second step this transforms into α-Na2Mg2(SO4)3 and vanthoffite or thénardite; the α-Na2Mg2(SO4)
Notes:
Readily soluble in cold water.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Blödite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-695.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
References for Blödite
Reference List:
Schaller, Waldemar T. (1932) The refractive indices of bloedite. American Mineralogist, 17 (11) 530-533
(1962) International Mineralogical Association: Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 33 (258) 260-263 doi:10.1180/minmag.1962.033.258.09
Lane, M. D. (2007) Mid-infrared emission spectroscopy of sulfate and sulfate-bearing minerals. American Mineralogist, 92 (1) 1-18 doi:10.2138/am.2007.2170
Localities for Blödite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | |
| Hodenberg et al. (1983) +1 other reference |
| Hodenberg et al. (1983) +1 other reference |
| Vennum (1986) |
Argentina | |
| Benedetto et al. (1998) |
Asia | |
| Crétaux et al. (2009) | |
Australia | |
| Costas Constantinides collection (Ian Graham) |
| Wilson et al. (2014) |
| Mills et al. (2010) | |
Austria | |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Strasser (1989) | |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references |
Canada | |
| Kohut et al. (1993) | |
| Renaut et al. (1994) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) | |
| Woodside collection |
| Can Min vol 25 pp 221-226 (1987) |
| Zodrow (1989) |
| Last (1990) |
| Shang (2000) | |
| Greengrass et al. (1999) | |
Cape Verde | |
| Silva et al. (2019) |
Chile | |
| e-rocks.com (2022) |
| www.mindat.org (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| samples analysed by Gerhard Mohn and ... |
| Palache et al. (1908) +2 other references |
| De Waele et al. (2017) |
| Aguilera et al. (2016) | |
| Collao et al. (2002) |
| Marta et al. (1996) +1 other reference | |
| Wet Chemical by Gerhard Möhn |
| Ericksen et al. (1989) |
China | |
| Zhenmin Liu et al. (2007) |
| Sun Da-peng et al. (2002) |
| Shaoxiu Yang (1991) +1 other reference |
| Mianping Zheng (1997) | |
| Xiyu Zheng (1994) |
| Mianping Zheng (1997) | |
| Shaoxiu Yang (1991) | |
| Mianping Zheng (1997) |
| Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes website | |
| Shaoxiu Yang (1991) | |
| Shaoxiu Yang (1991) | |
| Zhongde Zhu (1988) |
| Zheng Mianping et al. (1993) |
| Xifang Liu and Mianping Zheng (2010) |
| Okada et al. (1994) |
| Yanling Tang (2005) |
| Bingxiao Li (1992) | |
| Yanling Tang (2005) | |
| Bingxiao Li (1992) |
| Yanling Tang (2005) |
| Zhaoxin Han et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Yanling Tang (2005) |
Costa Rica | |
| Ulloa et al. (2018) |
Czech Republic | |
| Matýsek D. |
El Salvador | |
| Stoiber et al. (1974) |
France | |
| Naze-Nancy Masalehdani et al. (2009) |
| D. Laurent et al. (2023) |
| Steven M. Richardson (1978) |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Krah et al. (1988) | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Naumann |
| |
| Thalheim +1 other reference |
| W.I. Borrisenkow (1968) |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll & Gatter: Hun. Min.Spec. +1 other reference |
Iceland | |
| Jakobsson et al. (1992) |
India | |
| Sinha et al. (2003) |
Italy | |
| Russo et al. (2017) |
| Russo et al. (2022) |
| Mezzadri (1988) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| www.cse.speleo.it |
| GARAVELLI A. et al. (1996) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Pekov et al. (1993) |
| Rose (1842) +2 other references |
Kenya | |
| Bowell et al. (1996) |
Mexico | |
| Gazquez et al. (1) |
Namibia | |
| Dill et al. (2002) |
New Zealand | |
| Kerr et al. (2017) |
Pakistan | |
| [Specimen in collection of Natural ... |
| Dana 6: 899 +1 other reference | |
| [Specimen in collection of Natural ... |
| Dana 6: 947 +1 other reference |
Peru | |
| Diaby et al. (2006) |
Poland | |
| Lukasz Kruszewski 2005: Minerals arising in cause of underground fires of "Skalny" coal mine dump in Laziska (Upper Silesia, Poland) |
| Kruszewski (2013) |
| Kruszewski (2013) | |
| Ł. Kruszewski PXRD data (to be published soon) |
Portugal | |
| Joana Ribeiro et al. (2013) |
Russia | |
| Rose (1842) +3 other references | |
| Ryabin et al. (1920) +1 other reference |
| Cesnokov et al. (1998) |
| Mazurov et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Ryabin et al. (1920) +1 other reference |
| Pekov et al. (2012) |
| Gerhard Möhn collection | |
| Pekov et al. (2019) | |
| Okrugin (2004) |
| Naumov et al. (2008) |
Spain | |
| Georges FAVREAU collection + EDX ... |
| Vizcayno et al. (1995) |
| Vizcayno et al. (1995) |
| Vizcayno et al. (1995) | |
| Mees et al. (2011) |
| Calvo Rebollar (2014) |
Tajikistan | |
| Badalov et al. (1975) |
| Badalov et al. (1975) | |
Tanzania | |
| Mason (1962) |
Turkey | |
| Helvaci (1998) |
| van Doesburg et al. (1982) |
| Vergouwen (1981) |
| Altay et al. (2010) |
Turkmenistan | |
| John K. Warren +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) | |
Ukraine | |
| Nesterovskiy et al. (2015) | |
| Deyak M.A. Modern water-chemogenic ... |
| Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. +4 other references |
| Adams et al. (2014) |
| Adams et al. (2014) |
| Adams et al. (2014) | |
| Adams et al. (2014) | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. +2 other references |
| a spectroscopic exploration. Economic ... +1 other reference | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. +2 other references |
| Färber (n.d.) |
| Encyclopia of Minerals (Roberts, Rapp, Weber) +1 other reference |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 268. +4 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267 +2 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Zielinski et al. (2001) |
| Hon |
| Buck et al. (2006) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Hawley +5 other references |
| 2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... |
| Tankersley et al. (2016) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| USGS Prof Paper 68 The Ore Deposits of ... +1 other reference | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| Plášil et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Cannon (1975) |
Uzbekistan | |
| Slyusareva (1969) +1 other reference |
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Salt mine, Hallstatt, Gmunden District, Upper Austria, Austria