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Hexahydrite

Formula:
MgSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Colourless, white, pale ...
Lustre:Vitreous, PearlyHardness:2 - 2½
Name:In allusion to its composition, having six (HEXA-) molecules of water (HYDR-) in its formula.

Classification of Hexahydrite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/C.05-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.CB.25

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:29.6.8.1

29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.3.5

25 : Sulphates
3 : Sulphates of Mg
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Type Occurrence of Hexahydrite

Type Locality:Bonaparte River, Lillooet Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada
Year of Discovery:1911

Physical Properties of Hexahydrite

Lustre:Vitreous, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Opaque
Colour:Colourless, white, pale greenish; colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 2½
Cleavage:Perfect
On {100}, perfect.
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):1.757 g/cm3
Density (calculated):1.745 g/cm3

Crystallography of Hexahydrite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:P2/m {P1 1 2/m} {P2/m} {P1 2/m 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 24.44Å, b = 7.21Å, c = 10.11Å
β = 98.28°
Ratio:a:b:c = 3.39 : 1 : 1.402
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,762.94 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Good crystals rare; usually thick tabular {001}. Coarse columnar to delicately fibrous.
Twinning:1. On {001}; 2. on {110}.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Hexahydrite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.426 nβ = 1.453 nγ = 1.456
2V:Measured: 38° , Calculated: 36°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.030

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:none

Chemical Properties of Hexahydrite

Formula:
MgSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, Mg, O, S
All elements listed in formula:H, Mg, O, S
Analytical Data:Reportedly rehydrates to Epsomite in humid air.

Relationship of Hexahydrite to other Species

Member of Group:
Hexahydrite Group:
MSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.CB.05Dwornikite
(Ni,Fe)SO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Gunningite
(Zn,Mn)SO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Kieserite
MgSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Poitevinite
(Cu,Fe,Zn)SO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Szmikite
MnSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Szomolnokite
FeSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Cobaltkieserite
CoSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.07Sanderite
MgSO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
7.CB.10Bonattite
CuSO
 
4
·3H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Aplowite
(Co,Mn,Ni)SO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Boyleite
(Zn,Mg)SO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Ilesite
(Mn,Zn,Fe)SO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Rozenite
FeSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Starkeyite
MgSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15IMA2002-034
CdSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Chalcanthite
CuSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Jôkokuite
MnSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Pentahydrite
MgSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Siderotil
FeSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Bianchite
(Zn,Fe)SO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Chvaleticeite
(Mn,Mg)SO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Ferrohexahydrite
FeSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Moorhouseite
(Co,Ni,Mn)SO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Nickelhexahydrite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)SO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.30Retgersite
NiSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Bieberite
CoSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Boothite
CuSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Mallardite
MnSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Melanterite
FeSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Zincmelanterite
(Zn,Cu,Fe)SO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Alpersite
(Mg,Cu)[SO
 
4
] · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.40Epsomite
MgSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.40Goslarite
ZnSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.40Morenosite
NiSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.45Alunogen
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·17H
 
2
O
7.CB.45Meta-alunogen
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·12H
 
2
O
7.CB.55Coquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·9H
 
2
O
7.CB.55Paracoquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·9H
 
2
O
7.CB.55Rhomboclase
(H
 
5
O
 
2
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
7.CB.60Kornelite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.65Quenstedtite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·10H
 
2
O
7.CB.70Lausenite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.75Lishizhenite
ZnFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·14H
 
2
O
7.CB.75Römerite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·14H
 
2
O
7.CB.80Ransomite
CuFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Apjohnite
Mn
2+
 
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Bílinite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Dietrichite
(Zn,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Halotrichite
FeAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Pickeringite
MgAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Redingtonite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Wupatkiite
(Co,Mg,Ni)Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.90Meridianiite
MgSO
 
4
·11H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.3.1Kieserite
MgSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
25.3.2Sanderite
MgSO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
25.3.3Starkeyite
MgSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
25.3.4Pentahydrite
MgSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
25.3.6Epsomite
MgSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
25.3.7Caminite
Mg
 
7
[(OH)
 
4
|(SO
 
4
)
 
5
] · H
 
2
O
25.3.8Vanthoffite
Na
 
6
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
4
25.3.9Blödite
Na
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
25.3.10Konyaite
Na
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·5H
 
2
O
25.3.11Löweite
Na
 
12
Mg
 
7
(SO
 
4
)
 
13
25.3.12Uklonskovite
NaMg[F|SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
25.3.13Langbeinite
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
25.3.14Leonite
K
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
25.3.15Picromerite
K
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·6H
 
2
O
25.3.16Efremovite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Mg
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
25.3.17Boussingaultite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·6H
 
2
O
25.3.18Pickeringite
MgAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O

Other Names for Hexahydrite

Other Languages:
German:Hexahydrit
Russian:Гексагидрит
Spanish:Hexahydrita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Hexahydrite

Reference List:Johnston (1911) Geological Survey of Canada, Summary Report 1910: 256.

Walker and Parsons (1927) University of Toronto Stud., Geology Service: 24: 21.

Dolivo-Dobrovolsky (1929) Mineralogicheskoe Obshchestvo, Leningrad, Zapiski: [2]: 58: 3.

Kokta (1935) Publ. Fac. Science, University Masaryk, Brno: 166.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 494-495.

Acta Crystallographica: 17: 235-240.

Mineralogical Abstracts: 74 (1974): 3459.

Internet Links for Hexahydrite

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    Localities for Hexahydrite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Queen Maud Land (Dronning Maud Land)
        • Lützow-Holm Bay
          • East Ongul Island
    Watanuki/ Torii/ Nishiyama/ Morikawa, 1979
    Argentina
     
    • Jujuy
      • El Palmar District
    Marquez-Zavalia, Maria Florencia, Lomniczi de Upton, Irene & Galliski, Miguel Angel (2001): Krausite in fumaroles from Santa Barbara mine, northwestern Argentina. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 2001, 378-384. ; Zavalia, Maria Florencia Marquez & Galliski, Miguel Angel (1995): Goldichite of fumarolic origin from the Santa Barbara mine, Jujuy, northwestern Argentina. Canadian Mineralogist 33, 1059-1062.
    Australia
     
    • Queensland
    [MinRec 19 p469-490 - "Sielecki, R: The Mount Isa-Cloncurry mineral field"]
    • Western Australia
      • Wiluna Shire
        • Mount Keith
    Grguric, B.A. (2003) Minerals of the MKD5 nickel deposit, Mount Keith, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9, No. 2 , pg. 55-71.
    Austria
     
    • Burgenland
      • Großpetersdorf
        • Badersdorf
    http://www.badersdorf.at/Wirtschaft/holler/minerale.htm
    • Carinthia
      • Gailtaler Alpen & Karnische Alpen Mts
        • Kirchbach
          • Oberbuchach
    J. Mörtl: Carinthia II 192./112.:329-330 (2002)
    • Salzburg
      • Hallein
        • Dürrnberg
    A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
        • Gartenau
    A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Gastein valley
          • Bad Hofgastein
    A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    • Styria
      • Ennstaler Alpen Mts
        • Admont
    Meixner, H. (1977); R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • Fischbacher Alpen Mts
        • St. Jakob-Breitenau
          • Hochlantsch Mt.
    Bojar, H.-P. (2007)
      • Liesing - Palten valley
        • Kalwang
          • Langteichengraben (Lange Teichen)
            • Teichen Mine
    Taucher, J. (1996)
      • Niedere Tauern Mts
        • Hohentauern
          • Sunk
    Kolitsch, U. & Brandstätter, F. (2006)
    • Upper Austria
      • Bad Ischl
        • Perneck
    R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Lillooet Mining Division
    Jonhston (1911) Geological Survey of Canada, Summary Report 1910: 256; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 494.
    No reference listed
    • Northwest Territories
    Rocks & Min 81:1 pp 24-32
    • Nunavut Territory
      • Baffin Island
        • Nanisivik
    [MinRec 21:533]
    • Ontario
      • Cochrane District
        • Porcupine District
          • Dundonald Township
            • Timmins
    geological survey of canada paper 73-13
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Abitibi RCM
          • La Motte
    Sabina (2003)126
    • Yukon Territory
      • Dawson Mining District
    MinRec 23:4-47
    No reference listed
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 495.
      • Hradec Králové Region
        • Trutnov (Trautenau)
          • Radvanice
    Jirásek, J.: Thermal Changes of the Rocks in the Dump Pile of the Kateřina Colliery in Radvanice (Eastern Bohemia). Ostrava: VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, Institute of Geological Engineering - 541, 2001. 69 p.
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Ostrov
    Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • South Moravia Region
        • Hodonín
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 495.; Kruťa T. (1944): Nález nové recentní síry a salmiaku v Kelčanech na Moravě. Věda přírodní, 23, 61.
        • Oslavany
    Dokoupilova P., Sulovsky P., Losos Z. 2006: Hematite, hexahydrite and picromerite group from the mine waste of the coal mine Kukla in Oslavany. Mineralogia Polonica - Special Papers, vol. 28, 57-59
      • Vysočina Region
        • Rožná deposit
    Petr Pauliš
    Egypt
     
    • Western Desert
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Haute-Loire
        • Blesle
    R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J.J. Périchaud : "Inventaire Minéralogique du Cantal", BRGM and Editions G. de Bussac, 1971
        • Lubilhac
    R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J.J. Périchaud : "Inventaire Minéralogique du Cantal", BRGM / Editions G. de Bussac, 1971
    Germany
     
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Aachen
        • Alsdorf
    Blaß, G. and Graf, H.-W. (1996): Neue mineralogische Erkenntnisse und neue Funde aus Eifel, Schwarzwald und Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 7 (2), 55-64. (in German)
      • Eifel Mts
        • Düren
          • Untermaubach
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Ruhr Coal Mining area
        • Herne
    No reference listed
      • Sauerland
        • Marsberg
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Saxony-Anhalt
      • Stassfurt Potash deposit
        • Tarthun
    No reference listed
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Schlema-Hartenstein District
    T. Witzke (1992): Neues zu den Mineralien von Schlema-Hartenstein und der Grube König David, Schneeberg, Erzgebirge.- Mineralien-Welt 3(6), 16-18
      • Oberlausitz
        • Kamenz
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
      • Wurzbach
        • Lehesten
    - Liebeskind, W., Lehrieder, E. (1992): Der Lehester Schieferbergbau, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 43, 139-153
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza)
            • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
              • Hilarion area
    No reference listed
          • Plaka
            • Plaka Mines
    No reference listed
          • Sounion area
            • Sounion Mines
    Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999)
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Maniitsoq (Sukkertoppen)
        • Søndre Isortoq Firth
          • Sarfartoq region
    Petersen, O. V. and Secher, K. (1993): The minerals of Greenland, The Mineralogical Record, Vol. 24(2), 1-65
    Hungary
     
    • Baranya Co.
      • Mecsek Mts.
        • Komló
    Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
      • Aggteleki Mts.
    Koch: Minerals of Hungary, 1985
      • Borsodi Mts.
        • Kurityán
    ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
      • Bükk Mts.
        • Miskolc
    ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
          • Ómassa
    HOM Collection 2005
      • Rudabányai Mts.
        • Rudabánya
    Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya, 2001
    Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya, 2001
      • Upponyi Mts.
    Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei: Mineral Species of Hungary, 2006
      • Zempléni Mts.
        • Tállya
    ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    • Győr-Moson-Sopron Co.
      • Soproni Mts.
        • Sopron
    Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
    • Heves Co.
      • Mátra Mts.
        • Gyöngyösoroszi
    Farkas, I. M. & Weiszburg, T. G. (2009): Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 155, 57. (Abs.)
    • Nógrád Co.
      • Cserhát Mts.
    Geoda - Journal of the Hungarian Friends of Minerals, 2007 august.
      • Karancs-Medves Mts.
        • Somoskőújfalu
    Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei: Mineral Species of Hungary, 2006
    • Pest Co.
      • Budai Mts.
        • Budapest
    ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Antrona Valley
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Elba Island
          • Capoliveri
            • Cape Calamita Mine (Calamita Mine)
    C.L. Garavelli (1957) – Minerali di cobalto, bonattite, e solfato di Mg esaidrato e tetraidrato tra i minerali di alterazione del giacimento elbano di Capo Calamita Calamita – Rend. Soc. Min. It., 13: 268-270.
      • Siena Province
        • Chiusdino
    Mineralogical Record, 15 (1), 27-36.
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido Island
      • Oshima peninsula
        • Kaminokuni
    Nambu et al (1980) Sanko-Gakkai Kou'en-Youshi, 67.
    Mexico
     
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Mapimí
        • Mapimí
    No reference listed
    Panczner (1987): 274.
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    S. Weiß: Lapis 31(7/8), 72-73 (2006)
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Modum
        • Snarum
    Bryhni (1972); Neumann (1985, p. 109).
    • Hordaland
      • Kvinnherad
    Ellingsen, R.(1989):" Funn av sjeldne sulfatmineraler i Kvinnherad". NAGS-nytt 16(1), 25-26
    • Oppland
      • Lom
    Griffin (1975); Neumann (1985, p. 109).
      • Vågå
    T.T. Garmo (1974, pers. com.); Neumann (1985, p. 109).
    • Oslo
    Neumann (1985, p. 109, collected by H. Soot-Ryen in 1968).
    • Sør-Trøndelag
      • Meldal
        • Løkken Verk
    Jørgensen, L. B. & Sagvold, E. B. (2001): Geologiske severdigheter og mineralforekomster i Løkkenfeltet. Orkla Industrimuseum 42p
    Jørgensen, L. B. & Sagvold, E. B. (2001): Geologiske severdigheter og mineralforekomster i Løkkenfeltet. Orkla Industrimuseum 42p
      • Oppdal
        • Vinstradalen
    Witsø, T. (2005): Mineraler i Vinstradalen, Oppdal. Norsk Bergverksmuseum, skrift 30: 72-73
    • Telemark
      • Fyresdal
    Nordrum (1976); Neumann (1985, p. 109).
    Poland
     
    • Upper Silesia (Śląskie)
      • Upper Silesian Coal Basin
        • Katowice area
          • Łaziska
    Lukasz Kruszewski 2005: Minerals arising in cause of underground fires of "Skalny" coal mine dump in Laziska, Upper Silesia.Mag. Thesis (unpublished)
    • Wielkopolskie
    powder rtg. 2007
    Russia
     
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Kamchatka Oblast'
    [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180]
    [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Kremnica Mts
    Ďuďa R., 1993 : Die mineralien der Gold und Silber - lagersttäte von Kremnitz ( Kremnica) in der Slowakei. Mineralien Welt /Haltern,Nemecko/,5, s. 20 - 32
      • Western Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Podrečany
    Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    Ďuďa R., Peterec D., 1995 : Die Mineralien der siderit - baryt lagersttäte von Rudňany ( Kotterbach ) in der Slowakei. Mineralien Welt /Haltern/, 1, s.20 - 31
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
    Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Córdoba
        • Villanueva de Córdoba
    Schnorrer, G. (2000): Die Minerale der ehemaligen Grube Espuela de San Miguel bei Villanueva de Cordoba, Prov. Cordoba in Spanien. Der Aufschluss, 51, 211-222. (in German)
      • Huelva
        • Minas de Riotinto
    MinMag 67(2):263-278
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Lago Maggiore
        • Brissago
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 215.
    • Vaud (Waadt)
      • Bex
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 215.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Anniviers Valley
        • Ayer
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 215.
      • Conthey
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 215.
      • Martigny
        • Mont Chemin
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 215.
    Turkmenistan
     
    • Balkan Province
    Ukraine
     
    • Crimea Oblast'
      • Crimea peninsula
        • Alushta
    Popov S.P. Mineralogy of the Crimea (1938). - M.-L., AN SSSR, 1938, 352 p. (Rus.)
        • Balaklava area
    Dobrovolskaya T.I., Polkanov Y.A. The Paleovolcano Fiolent. Giude (2004) - Simferopol, 2004, 19 p. (in Russ.) Oleg V. Zinchenko at al. (2008).The mineralogy of seasonal sulfates in the cape Fiolent - Zapiski Ukrainskogo Mineralogichnogo Tovaristva (Proceeding Ukrainian Mineralogical Society), 2008, #5, p. 75-83 (in Ukr.)
        • Saki
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 495.
      • Simferopol area
    A. Tischenko. Minerals of the Crimea - World of stones, 1996, #9, p. 9-18
        • Ukrainka village area
    - Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914) - Zapiski Krymskogo obshchestva estestvoispytatelei (Proceeding of the Crimea Society of Naturalistes), 1914, vol. 4, p. 1-208 (Rus.) - Popov S.P. Mineralogy of the Crimea (1938). - M.-L., AN SSSR, 1938, 352 p. (Rus.)
    • Donets'k Oblast' (Donetsk Oblast')
      • Gorlovka
        • Novyy Donbass
    Möckel, S. & Frischmann, N. (1992): Mineralien der Quecksilberlagerstätte Nikitovka in der Ukraine. Mineralien-Welt, 3, 14-15. (in German)
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    No reference listed
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 251; Graeme, R. (1981), Famous mineral localities: Bisbee, AZ, Min.Rec.: 12: 256-319.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 251; Wenrich, K.J. & H.B. Sutphin (1988), Recognition of breccia pipes in northern Arizona, AZ Bur. Geol. Min. Tech. Fieldnotes: 18: 1-5, II.
        • Grand Canyon National Park
          • South Rim
            • Orphan District
              • Grand Canyon Village
    Gornitz, V. (2004), Grand Canyon Uranium: The Orphan Mine, Mineral News: 20(6): 7.
      • Pinal Co.
        • San Manuel District
          • San Manuel
            • San Manuel Mine (Apex Lead & Vanadium Mining Corp Mine; Quarelli group)
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 251, 264; Anthony, J.W. & W.J. McLean (1976), Jurbanite, a new post-mining aluminum sulfate mineral from San Manuel, AZ, Am.Min.: 61: 1-4.
    • California
      • Alameda Co.
        • Oakland
          • Leona Heights
            • Leona Heights deposit
    No reference listed
    [Mineralogical Record 20 129-142]
      • Inyo Co.
        • Death Valley
    Econ Geol (1996) 91:622-635
    • Colorado
      • Fremont Co.
        • Canon City District
          • Canon City
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Ralston Buttes District
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Mesa Co.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
    Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT & SE NY State, p.234
    • Indiana
      • Crawford Co.
    • Massachusetts
      • Franklin Co.
        • Rowe
    Cerato, A.. 2003: Mineralogical Study of Davis Mine, Rowe, MA, Using X-Ray Diffraction Techniques
    • Michigan
      • Marquette Co.
        • Marquette iron range
          • Ishpeming
    Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Nevada
      • Lander Co.
        • Bullion District
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Storey Co.
        • Comstock District
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Washoe Co.
        • Pyramid District
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Wedekind District
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Ogdensburg
            • Sterling Hill
    Dunn(1995):Pt5:635.
    • New Mexico
      • Otero Co.
    2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium abstracts
    • New York
      • Putnam Co.
        • Brewster
    Januzzi (1976) Mineral Localities of Connecticut & Southeastern New York State
    • Ohio
      • Adams Co.
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Cuyahoga Co.
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Franklin Co.
        • City of Columbus
    Ernest H. Carlson. Jerret Whitford. "Occurrence And Mineralogy Of Efflorescence In Late Devonian Black Shales, North-Central Ohio." 2002 GSA Meeting: Web: http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2002AM/finalprogram/abstract_44706.htm
      • Hancock Co.
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Highland Co.
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Huron Co.
        • Monroeville
          • West Branch Huron River
    http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2002AM/finalprogram/abstract_44706.htm
      • Ottawa Co.
        • South Bass Island
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Sandusky Co.
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Wood Co.
        • Custar
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
        • West Millgrove
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Wyandot Co.
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
    • Pennsylvania
      • Luzerne Co.
    Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List 1965-1974, The Mineralogical Society of PA, Inc.: 46-47; Barnes, John H. (1973), "Three New Minerals for PA," PA Geol., Vol. 4(4):31; Finkelman, Robert B., et al (1974), "O
      • York Co.
        • East Manchester Township
          • Emigsville
    • Tennessee
      • Sevier Co.
        • Great Smoky Mts
    Coskren, T. D. & Lauf, R. J. (2000): The Minerals of Alum Cave Bluff, Great Smoky Mountains, Tennessee. Mineralogical Record, 31, 163-175.
    • Virginia
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Buckingham Co.
        • Gold-Pyrite Belt
    Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Frederick Co.
    Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Highland Co.
    Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Louisa Co.
        • Gold-Pyrite Belt
          • Mineral
    Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Rockbridge Co.
        • Glasgow
    Rocks & Min.: 60:157.
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Wise Co.
        • East Stone Gap
    Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Washington
      • Okanogan Co.
        • Little Whiskey Mountain
    Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
    Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
    Mineral and/or Locality
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