Paracoquimbite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Paracoquimbite
Formula:
Fe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Formerly given as Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O; changed to better address its homeotypic relation to coquimbite. The current formula is just a multiplication of the former one.
Colour:
Pale violet
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.11
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
From the Greek "para" for near and its relation to Coquimbite.
Note: Al is not essential in paracoquimbite (but is essential in coquimbite), as derived from the IMA redefinition.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3084
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3084:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
fbbce05e-40e5-49e0-adb9-d53e98470334
IMA Classification of Paracoquimbite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Fe3+4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Approval history:
redefinition code: IMA-19F
Classification of Paracoquimbite
7.CB.55
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
29.8.4.1
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
8 : A2(XO4)3·H2O
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
8 : A2(XO4)3·H2O
25.10.10
25 : Sulphates
10 : Sulphates of Fe alone
25 : Sulphates
10 : Sulphates of Fe alone
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Pcoq | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Paracoquimbite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Pale violet
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Imperfect/Fair
On {0112} and {10
14}, imperfect.
On {0112} and {10
14}, imperfect.
Density:
2.11(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.115 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Paracoquimbite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.550(2) nε = 1.555(2)
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.005
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Chemistry of Paracoquimbite
Mindat Formula:
Fe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Formerly given as Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O; changed to better address its homeotypic relation to coquimbite. The current formula is just a multiplication of the former one.
Formerly given as Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O; changed to better address its homeotypic relation to coquimbite. The current formula is just a multiplication of the former one.
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Paracoquimbite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3 - Rhombohedral
Space Group:
R3
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.926(9) Å, c = 51.3(21) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 4.695
Unit Cell V:
5,303.60 Ă
Âł (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
12
Morphology:
Crystals rhombohedral, frequently with large {0112}; also equant, pseudo-cubic, with large {0001} and {0112}, or prismatic [0001]. massive, granular.
Twinning:
On {0001}, common.
Crystal Structure
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2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000261 | Paracoquimbite | Robinson P D, Fang J H (1971) Crystal structures and mineral chemistry of hydrated ferric sulphates: II. The crystal structure of paracoquimbite American Mineralogist 56 1567-1572 | 1971 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Epitaxial Relationships of Paracoquimbite
Epitaxial Minerals:
Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
Epitaxy Comments:
Coquimbite in parallel position; contact surface {0001}. As scepter-like overgrowths.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
8.88 Ă | (100) |
8.55 Ă | (20) |
7.62 Ă | (39) |
5.465 Ă | (29) |
4.713 Ă | (16) |
4.605 Ă | (29) |
3.367 Ă | (33) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
46 : Near-surface hydrothermal alteration of minerals (see also #22) | |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
Geological Setting:
Oxidation zone in pyrite deposits - especially in arid regions.
Type Occurrence of Paracoquimbite
Other Language Names for Paracoquimbite
German:Paracoquimbit
Russian:ĐĐ°ŃĐ°ĐșĐŸĐșĐžĐŒĐ±ĐžŃ
Simplified Chinese:ćŻé绿çŸ
Spanish:Paracoquimbita
Relationship of Paracoquimbite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Aluminocoquimbite | Al2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1c |
Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1c |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
5 photos of Paracoquimbite associated with Metavoltine | K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
5 photos of Paracoquimbite associated with Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
1 photo of Paracoquimbite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
1 photo of Paracoquimbite associated with Jarosite | KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
1 photo of Paracoquimbite associated with Kornelite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O |
1 photo of Paracoquimbite associated with Römerite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
1 photo of Paracoquimbite associated with Lausenite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
1 photo of Paracoquimbite associated with Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
1 photo of Paracoquimbite associated with Aluminocopiapite | Al2/3Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
1 photo of Paracoquimbite associated with Copiapite | Fe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.CB. | Sarvodaite | Al2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
7.CB.02 | Voudourisite | CdSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Dwornikite | Ni(SO4) · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Gunningite | ZnSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Szmikite | MnSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Szomolnokite | FeSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.07 | Sanderite | MgSO4 · 2H2O |
7.CB.10 | Bonattite | CuSO4 · 3H2O |
7.CB.12 | Belogubite | CuZn(SO4)2 · 10H2O |
7.CB.15 | Aplowite | (Co,Mn,Ni)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Boyleite | (Zn,Mg)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Ilesite | (Mn,Zn,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Starkeyite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Drobecite | CdSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Cranswickite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.20 | Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | JÎkokuite | MnSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | Siderotil | FeSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.25 | Bianchite | Zn(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Chvaleticeite | Mn(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Ferrohexahydrite | FeSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Hexahydrite | MgSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Moorhouseite | Co(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Nickelhexahydrite | Ni(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.30 | Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.35 | Bieberite | CoSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Boothite | CuSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Mallardite | MnSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
7.CB.35 | Zincmelanterite | (Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Alpersite | (Mg,Cu)(SO4) · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.45 | Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
7.CB.45 | Meta-alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 12H2O |
7.CB.50 | Aluminocoquimbite | Al2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
7.CB.50 | Lazaridisite | 3CdSO4 · 8H2O |
7.CB.52 | Pararaisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
7.CB.55 | Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
7.CB.55 | Rhomboclase | (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
7.CB.55 | Raisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
7.CB.57 | Caichengyunite | Fe2+3Al2(SO4)6 · 30H2O |
7.CB.60 | Kornelite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O |
7.CB.65 | Quenstedtite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O |
7.CB.70 | Lausenite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
7.CB.75 | Lishizhenite | ZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
7.CB.75 | Römerite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
7.CB.80 | Ransomite | CuFe2(SO4)4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.85 | Apjohnite | Mn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | BĂlinite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Dietrichite | (Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Halotrichite | FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Redingtonite | (Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Wupatkiite | (Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.90 | Meridianiite | MgSO4 · 11H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in water , astringent.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Paracoquimbite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3084.html
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References for Paracoquimbite
Reference List:
Localities for Paracoquimbite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
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Alcaparrosa Mine, Sierra Gorda, Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta, Chile