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Bicchulite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Photos of Bicchulite (7)

Bicchulite Gallery Search Photos of Bicchulite

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Bicchulite, etc.

Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Bicchulite, etc.

Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Bicchulite

Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Bicchulite, etc.

Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Bicchulite, etc.

Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Bicchulite

Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Bicchulite, etc.

Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Bicchulite, etc.

Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

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About BicchuliteHide

Formula:

Ca₂(Al₂SiO₆)(OH)₂

Colour:

Colourless to white, gray

Lustre:

Earthy

Specific Gravity:

2.75

Crystal System:

Isometric

Name:

Named in 1973 by Chiyoko Henmi, Isao Kusachi, Kitinosuke Henmi, Peter Aubrey Sabine, and Bian Raymond Young for Bicchu (also given as Bitchu, Bitcho-Cho, and Bicchu-Cho), Okayama Prefecture, Chugoku Region, Honshu Island, Japan the town wherein the Japanese type locality is situated, although Bicchu was subsequently encompassed by an expanded Takahashi City.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Dimorph of:

Kamaishilite

White to gray-white powder. Chemically very similar to gehlenite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

661

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:661:1

GUID
(UUID V4):

1b156bbb-2862-4205-acf8-a36ab8abb3ef

IMA Classification of BicchuliteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

Ca₂Al₂SiO₆(OH)₂

First published:

1973

Type description reference:

Henmi, Chiyoko, Kusachi, Isao, Henmi, Kitinosuke, Sabine, Peter Aubrey, Young, Brian Raymond (1973) A new mineral bicchulite, the natural analogue of gehlenite hydrate, from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan and Carneal, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Mineralogical Journal, 7 (3) 243-251 doi:10.2465/minerj1953.7.243

Classification of BicchuliteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

9.FB.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H₂O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions

Dana 8th ed.:

76.2.3.5

76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
2 : Al-Si Framework Feldspathoids and related species

Hey's CIM Ref.:

16.9.12

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Bch	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Bch	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019)	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of BicchuliteHide

Lustre:

Earthy

Transparency:

Translucent

Comment:

Fine-grained mineral

Colour:

Colourless to white, gray

Streak:

White

Tenacity:

Brittle

Density:

2.75 g/cm³ (Measured) 2.813 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Comment:

Measured on synthetic material. May calculate to 2.792 using Gladstone-Dale relationship.

Optical Data of BicchuliteHide

Type:

Isotropic

Pleochroism:

Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of BicchuliteHide

Mindat Formula:

Ca₂(Al₂SiO₆)(OH)₂

Elements listed:

Al, Ca, H, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Ti,Fe,Mn,Mg,Na,K,P

Crystallography of BicchuliteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

4 3m - Hextetrahedral

Space Group:

I4 3m

Setting:

I4 3m

Cell Parameters:

a = 8.83 Å

Unit Cell V:

688.47 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0010796	Bicchulite	Sahl K, Chatterjee N D (1977) The crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 146 35-41		1977	synthetic	0	293
0010826	Bicchulite	Sahl K (1980) Refinement of the crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 152 13-21		1980	synthetic	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Bicchulite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Sahl K'
'Chatterjee N D'
_journal_name_full 'Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie'
_journal_volume 146 
_journal_year 1977
_journal_page_first 35
_journal_page_last 41
_publ_section_title
;
 The crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2
;
_database_code_amcsd 0010796
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Ca2 (Al2 Si) O8 H2'
_cell_length_a 8.825
_cell_length_b 8.825
_cell_length_c 8.825
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 687.297
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      2.824
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I -4 3 m'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  '-z,x,-y'
  '1/2-z,1/2+x,1/2-y'
  '-y,z,-x'
  '1/2-y,1/2+z,1/2-x'
  '-x,y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  'x,-z,-y'
  '1/2+x,1/2-z,1/2-y'
  'z,-y,-x'
  '1/2+z,1/2-y,1/2-x'
  'y,-x,-z'
  '1/2+y,1/2-x,1/2-z'
  'x,z,y'
  '1/2+x,1/2+z,1/2+y'
  'z,y,x'
  '1/2+z,1/2+y,1/2+x'
  'y,x,z'
  '1/2+y,1/2+x,1/2+z'
  '-z,-x,y'
  '1/2-z,1/2-x,1/2+y'
  '-y,-z,x'
  '1/2-y,1/2-z,1/2+x'
  '-x,-y,z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  'z,-x,-y'
  '1/2+z,1/2-x,1/2-y'
  'y,-z,-x'
  '1/2+y,1/2-z,1/2-x'
  'x,-y,-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
  '-x,z,-y'
  '1/2-x,1/2+z,1/2-y'
  '-z,y,-x'
  '1/2-z,1/2+y,1/2-x'
  '-y,x,-z'
  '1/2-y,1/2+x,1/2-z'
  '-x,-z,y'
  '1/2-x,1/2-z,1/2+y'
  '-z,-y,x'
  '1/2-z,1/2-y,1/2+x'
  '-y,-x,z'
  '1/2-y,1/2-x,1/2+z'
  'z,x,y'
  '1/2+z,1/2+x,1/2+y'
  'y,z,x'
  '1/2+y,1/2+z,1/2+x'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Ca   0.14400   0.14400   0.14400   1.00000   0.00887
Al   0.25000   0.50000   0.00000   0.66667   0.00633
Si   0.25000   0.50000   0.00000   0.33333   0.00633
O   0.14900   0.14900   0.42400   1.00000   0.01900
O-H   0.38200   0.38200   0.38200   1.00000   0.01900

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.60 Å	(90)
3.49 Å	(10)
3.12 Å	(10)
3.04 Å	(40)
2.96 Å	(40)
2.786 Å	(100)
2.753 Å	(95)
2.597 Å	(50)
2.460 Å	(40)
2.354 Å	(45)
2.205 Å	(20)
2.135 Å	(10)
2.079 Å	(40)
1.984 Å	(10)
1.890 Å	(10)
1.801 Å	(15)
1.763 Å	(15)
1.732 Å	(10)
1.665 Å	(15)
1.625 Å	(30)
1.559 Å	(50)
1.514 Å	(25)

Comments:

Henmi, et al. (1973). Also ICDD 27-66; formerly also ICDD 16-388

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere	<0.6
51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56)	<0.36

Type Occurrence of BicchuliteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan

Reference:

Henmi, C., Kusachi, I., Henmi, K., Sabine, P.A., Young, B.R. (1973) A new mineral bicchulite, the natural analogue of gehlenite hydrate, from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan and Carneal, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Mineralogical Journal: 7: 243-251.

Download:

Synonyms of BicchuliteHide

IMA1973-006

Other Language Names for BicchuliteHide

German:Bicchulith

Japanese:備中石

Russian:Бичулит

Spanish:Bicchulita

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

2 photos of Bicchulite associated with Gehlenite	Ca₂Al[AlSiO₇]
1 photo of Bicchulite associated with Grossular-Hibschite Series

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.FB.	Steudelite	Na₃(K₁₇Ca₇)Ca₄(Al₂₄Si₂₄O₉₆)(SO₃)₆F₆ · 4H₂O	Hex. 6 m2 : P6₂c
9.FB.	Sapozhnikovite	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(HS)₂	Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
9.FB.	Betzite	Na₆Ca₂(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)Cl₄	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FB.	Slyudyankaite	Na₂₈Ca₄(Si₂₄Al₂₄O₉₆)(SO₄)₆(S₆)_1/3(CO₂) · 2H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.FB.	Bolotinaite	(Na₇◻)(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)F · 4H₂O	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
9.FB.	Wenlanzhangite-(Y)	Y₂V³⁺₂V⁴⁺₂(SiO₄)₂O₄(OH)₄	Tric. 1 : P1
9.FB.05	Afghanite	(Na,K)₂₂Ca₁₀(Si₂₄Al₂₄O₉₆)(SO₄)₆Cl₆	Trig. 3m : P3 1c
9.FB.05	Bystrite	(Na,K)₇Ca(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(S₅)Cl	Trig. 3m : P3 1c
9.FB.05	Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FB.05	Cancrisilite	Na₇(Al₅Si₇O₂₄)(CO₃) · 3H₂O	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
9.FB.05	Davyne	(Na,K)₆Ca₂(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(Cl₂,SO₄)₂	Hex. 6/m : P6₃/m
9.FB.05	Franzinite	(Na,K)₆Ca₂(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄)₂ · 0.5H₂O	Hex.
9.FB.05	Giuseppettite	(Na,K,Ca)_7-8(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄,Cl)_1-2	Trig. 3m : P3 1c
9.FB.05	Hydroxycancrinite	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(OH)₂ · 2H₂O	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FB.05	Liottite	(Na,K)₁₆Ca₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)₃(SO₄)₅Cl₄	Hex. 6 : P6
9.FB.05	Microsommite	Na₄K₂Ca₂(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄)Cl₂	Hex. 6 2 2 : P6₃ 2 2
9.FB.05	Pitiglianoite	Na₆K₂(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · 2H₂O	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FB.05	Quadridavyne	(Na,K)₆Ca₂(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)Cl₄	Hex. 6/m : P6₃/m
9.FB.05	Sacrofanite	(Na₆₁K₁₉Ca₃₂)(Si₈₄Al₈₄O₃₃₆)(SO₄)₂₆Cl₂F₆ · 2H₂O	Hex.
9.FB.05	Tounkite	(Na,Ca,K)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄)₂Cl · H₂O	Hex. 6 2 2 : P6₂ 2 2
9.FB.05	Vishnevite	(Na,K)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄,CO₃) · 2H₂O	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FB.05	Marinellite	(Na,K)₄₂Ca₆(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)₆(SO₄)₈Cl₂ · 3H₂O	Trig. 3m : P3 1c
9.FB.05	Farneseite	(Na,Ca,K)₅₆(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)₇(SO₄)₁₂ · 6H₂O	Hex. 6/m : P6₃/m
9.FB.05	Alloriite	(Na,Ca,K)₂₆Ca₄(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)₄(SO₄)₆Cl₆	Trig. 3m : P3 1c
9.FB.05	Biachellaite	(Na,Ca,K)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄)₂(OH)_0.5 · H₂O	Trig. 3 : P3
9.FB.05	Fantappièite	[Na_82.5Ca₃₃K_16.5](Si₉₉Al₉₉O₃₉₆)(SO₄)₃₃ · 4H₂O	Trig. 3 : R3
9.FB.05	Kyanoxalite	Na₇(Al_6-xSi_6+xO₂₄)(C₂O₄)_0.5+x · 5H₂O (0 < x < 0.5)	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FB.05	Balliranoite	(Na,K)₆Ca₂(Si₆Al₆O₂₄)Cl₂(CO₃)	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FB.05	Carbobystrite	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃) · 3.5H₂O	Trig. 3m : P3 1c
9.FB.05	Depmeierite	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(PO₄,CO₃)_1-x · 3H₂O (x	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FB.05	Kircherite	Na₅Ca₂K(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄)₂ · 0.33H₂O	Trig. 3 2 : R3 2
9.FB.05	Sulfhydrylbystrite	Na₅K₂Ca[Al₆Si₆O₂₄](S₅)₂(SH)	Trig. 3m : P3 1c
9.FB.10	Danalite	Be₃Fe²⁺₄(SiO₄)₃S	Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
9.FB.10	Genthelvite	Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃S	Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
9.FB.10 va	Hackmanite	Na₈Al₆Si₆O₂₄(Cl₂,S)
9.FB.10	Haüyne	Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)	Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
9.FB.10	Helvine	Be₃Mn²⁺₄(SiO₄)₃S	Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
9.FB.10	Kamaishilite	Ca₂(Al₂SiO₆)(OH)₂	Tet.
9.FB.10	Lazurite	Na₇Ca(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄)(S₃) · H₂O	Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
9.FB.10	Nosean	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O	Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
9.FB.10	Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl	Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
9.FB.10	Tsaregorodtsevite	(N(CH₃)₄)(AlSi₅O₁₂)	Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2
9.FB.10	Tugtupite	Na₄BeAlSi₄O₁₂Cl	Tet. 4 : I4
9.FB.10	Vladimirivanovite	Na₆Ca₂(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄,S₃,S₂,Cl)₂ · H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
9.FB.15	Marialite	Na₄Al₃Si₉O₂₄Cl	Tet. 4/m : I4/m
9.FB.15	Meionite	Ca₄Al₆Si₆O₂₄CO₃	Tet. 4/m : I4/m
9.FB.15	Silvialite	(Ca,Na)₄(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄,CO₃)	Tet. 4/m : I4/m

Fluorescence of BicchuliteHide

In UV light:

Fluoresces dark red under all wavelengths, see e.g. https://www.mindat.org/photo-1305648.html

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for BicchuliteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-661.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for BicchuliteHide

Reference List:

Carlson, E.T. (1964) Hydrothermal preparation of a gehlenite hydrate. US National Bureau of Standards Journal of Research: 68A(5): 449-452.

Fleischer, M. (1974) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 59: 1330-1332.

Henmi, C. (1976) Synthesis of bicchulite from gehlenite solid solutions. Mineralogical Journal: 8(3): 171-183.

Sahl, K., Chatterjee, N.D. (1977) The crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 146: 35-41.

Gupta, Alok K. and Chatterjee, Niranjan D. (1978) Synthesis, composition, thermal stability, and thermodynamic properties of Bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2. American Mineralogist: 63: 58-65.

Leoni, L., Mellini, M., Merlino, S., Orlandi, P. (1979) Cancrinite-like minerals: new data and crystal chemical considerations. Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia: 35: 713-719.

Sahl, K. (1980) Refinement of the crystal structure of bicchulite, Ca2[Al2SiO6](OH)2. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 152: 13-21.

Uchida, E., Iiyama, J.T. (1981) On Kamaishilite, Ca2Al2SiO6(OH)2, a New Mineral Dimorphous (Tetragonal) with Bicchulite from the Kamaishi Mine, Japan. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B: 57(7): 239-243.

Bunno, M., Shimazaki, H., Sato, K. (1982) Occurrence and genesis of bicchulite and tilleyite skarns at the Sakae adit, the Akagane mine, Iwate Prefecture. Mining Geology: 32: 141-150.

Hassan, I., Grundy, H. D. (1984) The crystal structures of sodalite-group minerals. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, 40 (1) 6-13 doi:10.1107/s0108768184001683

Dann, S.E., Mead, P.J., Weller, M.T. (1996) Löwenstein's Rule Extended to an Aluminum Rich Framework. The Structure of Bicchulite, Ca8(Al2SiO6)4(OH)8, by MASNMR and Neutron Diffraction. Inorganic Chemistry: 35(6): 1427-1428.

Winkler, B., Milman, V., Pickard, C.J. (2004) Quantum mechanical study of Al/Si disorder in leucite and bicchulite. Mineralogical Magazine: 68(5): 819–824.

Peters, L., Knorr, K., Katzke, H., Knapp, M., Depmeier, W. (2006) The transformation mechanism of the sodalite- to the melilite-topology: Thermal expansion and decomposition of bicchulite-type to melilite-type compounds. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials: 221(3): 198–205.

Meller, N., Kyritsis, K., Hall, C. (2009) The mineralogy of the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O (CASH) hydroceramic system from 200 to 350°C. Cement and Concrete Research: 39: 45-53.

(2023) Bicchulite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for BicchuliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Japan
Iwate Prefecture Kamaishi City ⓘ Kamaishi mine	Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan)
Oshu City Esashi ward ⓘ Akagane mine	Bunno et al. (1982) +1 other reference
Okayama Prefecture Takahashi City Bitchū Fuka ⓘ Fuka mine (TL)	Mineralogical Record: 27: 304. +2 other references

Middle East
ⓘ Hatrurim Formation	Vapnik et al. (2014)

Turkey
Rize Province ⓘ Güneyce-Ikizdere	Taner et al. (2013)

UK
Northern Ireland Co. Antrim Larne Glenoe ⓘ Carneal	Henmi et al. (1973) +1 other reference

USA
California ⓘ Mono County	rruff.info (n.d.)
Texas Uvalde County ⓘ Taylor Hills

Bicchulite

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