Marialite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Marialite
Formula:
Na4Al3Si9O24Cl
Colour:
Colourless, white, bluish, brownish, yellowish, violet, greenish
Lustre:
Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
2.5 - 2.62
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1866 by Gerhard vom Rath in honor of his wife, Maria Rosa vom Rath (1830-1888).
Type Locality:
Scapolite (Marialite-Meionite Series).
An unusual, Pb-rich and Be-bearing marialite was described by Christy & Gatedal (2005).
An unusual, Pb-rich and Be-bearing marialite was described by Christy & Gatedal (2005).
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Marialite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2575
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2575:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
68a24b85-e14c-4b77-bd39-fa966372599f
IMA Classification of Marialite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Marialite
9.FB.15
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions
Dana 7th ed.:
76.3.1.1
76.3.1.1
76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
3 : Al-Si Framework with other Be/Al/Si frameworks
76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
3 : Al-Si Framework with other Be/Al/Si frameworks
17.3.4
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
3 : Silicates with chloride (including aluminosilicates)
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
3 : Silicates with chloride (including aluminosilicates)
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Mar | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Mar | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
Mar | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
Ma | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Marialite
Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless, white, bluish, brownish, yellowish, violet, greenish
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Very brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Distinct on the {100} and the {110}
Distinct on the {100} and the {110}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
2.5 - 2.62 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.54 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Marialite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.539 - 1.550 nε = 1.532 - 1.541
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.007 - 0.009
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Chemistry of Marialite
Mindat Formula:
Na4Al3Si9O24Cl
Common Impurities:
Fe,Ca,K,S
Crystallography of Marialite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I4/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.060(3) Å, c = 7.572(3) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.628
Unit Cell V:
1 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Prismatic, granular, massive.
Comment:
Teertstra & Sherriff (1996) give a = 12.06(1) and c = 7.551(5) Å for end-member marialite.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000134 | Marialite | Papike J J, Zoltai T (1965) The crystal structure of a marialite scapolite American Mineralogist 50 641-655 | 1965 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006232 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006233 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006234 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006235 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006236 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006237 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006238 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006239 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006240 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006241 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0006242 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2008) Increase in Al-Si and Na-Ca disorder with temperature in scapolite Me32.9 The Canadian Mineralogist 46 1577-1591 | 2008 | Monmouth Township, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
0018479 | Marialite | Antao S M, Hassan I (2011) Complete Al-Si order in scapolite Me37.5, ideally Ca3Na5[Al8Si16O48]Cl(CO3), and implications for antiphase domain boundaries (APBs) The Canadian Mineralogist 49 581-586 | 2011 | Lake Clear, Ontario, Canada | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.80 Å | (8) |
3.45 Å | (10) |
3.05 Å | (9) |
2.68 Å | (7) |
2.29 Å | (5) |
1.907 Å | (7) |
1.363 Å | (6) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
6 : Secondary asteroid phases | 4.566-4.560 |
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
9 : Lava/xenolith minerals (hornfels, sanidinite facies) | |
10 : Basalt-hosted zeolite minerals | |
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
16 : Low-𝑇 aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23) | |
Near-surface Processes | |
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
25 : Evaporites (prebiotic) | |
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
34 : Complex granite pegmatites | |
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies) |
Geological Setting:
Regionally and contact metamorphic rocks, skarns, pegmatites, altered mafic igneous rocks, volcanic ejecta.
Type Occurrence of Marialite
Synonyms of Marialite
Other Language Names for Marialite
Relationship of Marialite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
Scapolite | This term generally refers to just the marialite-meionite series, not the full scapolite group, ... | Tet. |
Silvialite | (Ca,Na)4(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
36 photos of Marialite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
28 photos of Marialite associated with Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
20 photos of Marialite associated with Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
17 photos of Marialite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
13 photos of Marialite associated with Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
12 photos of Marialite associated with Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
12 photos of Marialite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
11 photos of Marialite associated with Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
11 photos of Marialite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
10 photos of Marialite associated with Afghanite | (Na,K)22Ca10(Si24Al24O96)(SO4)6Cl6 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
9.FB. | Steudelite | Na3(K17Ca7)Ca4(Al24Si24O96)(SO3)6F6 · 4H2O |
9.FB. | Sapozhnikovite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(HS)2 |
9.FB. | Betzite | Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)Cl4 |
9.FB. | Slyudyankaite | Na28Ca4(Si24Al24O96)(SO4)6(S6)1/3(CO2) · 2H2O |
9.FB. | Bolotinaite | (Na7◻)(Al6Si6O24)F · 4H2O |
9.FB. | Wenlanzhangite-(Y) | Y2V3+2V4+2(SiO4)2O4(OH)4 |
9.FB.05 | Afghanite | (Na,K)22Ca10(Si24Al24O96)(SO4)6Cl6 |
9.FB.05 | Bystrite | (Na,K)7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(S5)Cl |
9.FB.05 | Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
9.FB.05 | Cancrisilite | Na7(Al5Si7O24)(CO3) · 3H2O |
9.FB.05 | Davyne | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(Cl2,SO4)2 |
9.FB.05 | Franzinite | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2 · 0.5H2O |
9.FB.05 | Giuseppettite | (Na,K,Ca)7-8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,Cl)1-2 |
9.FB.05 | Hydroxycancrinite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
9.FB.05 | Liottite | (Na,K)16Ca8(Al6Si6O24)3(SO4)5Cl4 |
9.FB.05 | Microsommite | Na4K2Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)Cl2 |
9.FB.05 | Pitiglianoite | Na6K2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · 2H2O |
9.FB.05 | Quadridavyne | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)Cl4 |
9.FB.05 | Sacrofanite | (Na61K19Ca32)(Si84Al84O336)(SO4)26Cl2F6 · 2H2O |
9.FB.05 | Tounkite | (Na,Ca,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2Cl · H2O |
9.FB.05 | Vishnevite | (Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O |
9.FB.05 | Marinellite | (Na,K)42Ca6(Al6Si6O24)6(SO4)8Cl2 · 3H2O |
9.FB.05 | Farneseite | (Na,Ca,K)56(Al6Si6O24)7(SO4)12 · 6H2O |
9.FB.05 | Alloriite | (Na,Ca,K)26Ca4(Al6Si6O24)4(SO4)6Cl6 |
9.FB.05 | Biachellaite | (Na,Ca,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2(OH)0.5 · H2O |
9.FB.05 | Fantappièite | [Na82.5Ca33K16.5](Si99Al99O396)(SO4)33 · 4H2O |
9.FB.05 | Kyanoxalite | Na7(Al6-xSi6+xO24)(C2O4)0.5+x · 5H2O (0 < x < 0.5) |
9.FB.05 | Balliranoite | (Na,K)6Ca2(Si6Al6O24)Cl2(CO3) |
9.FB.05 | Carbobystrite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3) · 3.5H2O |
9.FB.05 | Depmeierite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(PO4,CO3)1-x · 3H2O (x |
9.FB.05 | Kircherite | Na5Ca2K(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2 · 0.33H2O |
9.FB.05 | Sulfhydrylbystrite | Na5K2Ca[Al6Si6O24](S5)2(SH) |
9.FB.10 | Bicchulite | Ca2(Al2SiO6)(OH)2 |
9.FB.10 | Danalite | Be3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S |
9.FB.10 | Genthelvite | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
9.FB.10 va | Hackmanite | Na8Al6Si6O24(Cl2,S) |
9.FB.10 | Haüyne | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
9.FB.10 | Helvine | Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S |
9.FB.10 | Kamaishilite | Ca2(Al2SiO6)(OH)2 |
9.FB.10 | Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
9.FB.10 | Nosean | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O |
9.FB.10 | Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
9.FB.10 | Tsaregorodtsevite | (N(CH3)4)(AlSi5O12) |
9.FB.10 | Tugtupite | Na4BeAlSi4O12Cl |
9.FB.10 | Vladimirivanovite | Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,S3,S2,Cl)2 · H2O |
9.FB.15 | Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
9.FB.15 | Silvialite | (Ca,Na)4(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) |
Fluorescence of Marialite
Commonly orange to bright yellow or red in SW or LW
PhotoChromic scapolite has been found in Baffin Island and Afghanistan
PhotoChromic scapolite has been found in Baffin Island and Afghanistan
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Marialite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Marialite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2575.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Marialite
Reference List:
Bayliss, Peter (1987) Mineral nomenclature: scapolite. Mineralogical Magazine, 51 (359) 176 doi:10.1180/minmag.1987.051.359.23
Christy, A. G., Gatedal, K. (2005) Extremely Pb-rich rock-forming silicates including a beryllian scapolite and associated minerals in a skarn from Långban, Värmland, Sweden. Mineralogical Magazine, 69 (6) 995-1018 doi:10.1180/0026461056960304
Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F. C. (2008) The Crystal Chemistry of the Scapolite-Group Minerals. i. Crystal Structure and Long-Range Order. The Canadian Mineralogist, 46 (6) 1527-1554 doi:10.3749/canmin.46.6.1527
Localities for Marialite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan | |
| - (Dudley Blauwet private communication) |
Moore et al. (2014) | |
Moore et al. (2014) | |
www.mindat.org (2016) | |
RWMW Collection | |
Argentina | |
| specimen from Roberto Kurcbart |
Australia | |
| Edwards |
Edwards | |
| Wang et al. (2001) |
| part of list University of Queensland |
| Mount Woods Inlier et al. (Honors thesis) +1 other reference |
| Bottrill +1 other reference |
Bottrill et al. (editors) | |
Austria | |
| |
| Raith (1998) |
| Uwe Kolitsch SXRD-analysis of 1.3 cm large et al. (yellow-) |
| Kolitsch (2023) |
Brazil | |
| Tony Nikischer specimen ands analysis |
Blue Chip Minerals | |
Burundi | |
Canada | |
| Econ Geol (1992) |
| Owen et al. (1999) |
| Jones (2019) |
| Can Min 38:1193-1199 |
[Canadian Mineralogist 38 p1193-1199 - ... | |
| |
Canadian Mineralogist V.6 | |
The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 46 (2008) | |
| element51.com. +1 other reference |
| www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca (n.d.) |
| Carter T. R. (1980) |
| Bowen 1922 +1 other reference |
| D. D. Hogarth (1957) |
| Hunt et al. (2005) |
Hunt et al. (2005) | |
Chile | |
| SEM-EDS and XRD by Joy Desor and ... |
| Wegner (1982) +1 other reference |
| SEM-EDS by Joy DEsor |
Robert A. Jenkins find - personal ... | |
SEM-EDS by Joy Desor | |
China | |
| Xuncheng Wang and Yucai Zhou (1995) |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999) |
| Fenghua Yang (2001) |
| Carl (Bob) |
| Huang et al. (2022) |
| Chuanxian Lin and Zheru Zhang (1984) |
| Shaoyong Jiang et al. (1994) |
| Yanling Tang (2005) |
| Fuquan Yang et al. (2003) |
Czech Republic | |
| Ondruš et al. (2003) |
| Peter Bačík et al. (2012) |
David Parfitt collection | |
Uwe Kolitsch | |
Finland | |
| Karinen |
| Joel Dyer collection |
| Hytönen (1999) |
Hytönen (1999) | |
France | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Tschermak (1883) |
| Dutrow et al. (2022) |
| Chollet Pascal Collection |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (2018) |
Kolitsch et al. (2015) +1 other reference | |
India | |
| Baidya et al. (2018) |
| Baidya et al. (2018) |
Iran | |
| Saeed Alirezaei et al. (2015) |
| Sheibi (2014) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Fedele L. et al. (2006) |
| vom Rath (1866) |
in the colletion of Ch. & H. Schäfer | |
Pichler et al. (1970) +1 other reference | |
| [Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23 |
| Russo et al. (2004) |
| Russo et al. (2004) |
| Carati (1988) |
| King (n.d.) +2 other references |
| Ferretti et al. (2013) |
| Analysis by Dr. Tumaini |
| Manasse (1910) |
Japan | |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Masutomi Museum specimen (Kyoto) |
National Science Museum | |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Madagascar | |
| Vandall King |
Nepal | |
| Oleg |
Norway | |
| Bugge (1945) |
| Kullerud et al. (1999) |
| Lieftink et al. (1993) |
| Nordrum (2000) |
| Jamtveit et al. (1997) |
| - (1989, December) |
Larsen (1989) +1 other reference | |
Peru | |
| J.Hyrsl (2012) |
| Williams et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
Poland | |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
Russia | |
| Sorokina et al. (2019) |
| Chukanov et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| Hawthorne et al. (1988) |
[World of Stones 12:49] | |
| Doroshkevich et al. (2016) |
| Lebedev et al. (2019) |
Slovakia | |
| Farsang et al. (2014) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Spain | |
| López (n.d.) |
| et al. (2002) |
Sweden | |
| C. Wanhainen & O. Martinsson (2000) |
| Valentin Alain (2014) |
| IMA 18th General Meeting |
| Henriques (1964) |
| Holtstam et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
| Lorin et al. (2009) |
Tajikistan | |
| Sokolova et al. (2000) |
| Litvinenko +8 other references |
Tanzania | |
| Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis |
| King (n.d.) |
| Harvard Museum of Natural History ... |
| Zwaan et al. (1974) |
UK | |
| www.mineralman.f9.co.uk (2001) |
| Drever (1936) +1 other reference |
| Tindle (2008) |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Albino (1995) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press. +1 other reference |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 366. +2 other references |
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 366. +2 other references | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 367. +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 367 +3 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Moritz (n.d.) |
Moritz (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
Moritz (n.d.) | |
| Moritz (n.d.) |
| Anderson |
King et al. (1994) | |
| P Cristofono collection |
| Vanko (1982) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Maertens (2007) |
| Dunn (1995) |
| - (2005) |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
- (2005) | |
| Harvard Museum of Natural History ... |
Rocks & Min. (2007) | |
NY State Museum spec. no. 11086 | |
| Marian Lupulescu (2008) |
| - (Januzzi, 1966, 1989) |
| NY State Museum spec. no. 19585 |
| Steven C. Chamberlain |
Chamberlain et al. (2014) | |
| Lupulescu et al. (2014) |
| Chamberlain |
| Sims (1968) +1 other reference |
| Gordon (1922) +1 other reference |
| Gordon (1922) +1 other reference |
| Gordon (1922) +1 other reference |
| Gordon (1922) +1 other reference |
| Tomlinson (1943) +1 other reference |
Gordon (1922) +1 other reference | |
| Gordon (1922) +1 other reference |
Gordon (1922) +1 other reference | |
| Montgomery (Jul & Aug, 1973) +1 other reference |
| Gordon (1922) +1 other reference |
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Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania