Marialite
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About Marialite
Formula:
Na4Al3Si9O24Cl
Colour:
Bluish, Brownish, Colorless, Violet, Greenish
Lustre:
Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
2.5 - 2.62
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1866 by Gerhard vom Rath in honor of his wife, Maria Rosa vom Rath (1830-1888).
Scapolite (Marialite-Meionite Series).
An unusual, Pb-rich and Be-bearing marialite was described by Christy & Gatedal (2005).
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Marialite.
An unusual, Pb-rich and Be-bearing marialite was described by Christy & Gatedal (2005).
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Marialite.
Classification of Marialite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
8/J.13-10
9.FB.15
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions
Dana 7th ed.:
76.3.1.1
76.3.1.1
76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
3 : Al-Si Framework with other Be/Al/Si frameworks
76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
3 : Al-Si Framework with other Be/Al/Si frameworks
17.3.4
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
3 : Silicates with chloride (including aluminosilicates)
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
3 : Silicates with chloride (including aluminosilicates)
Physical Properties of Marialite
Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Bluish, Brownish, Colorless, Violet, Greenish
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Very brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Distinct on the {100} and the {110}
Distinct on the {100} and the {110}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
2.5 - 2.62 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.54 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Marialite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.539 - 1.550 nε = 1.532 - 1.541
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.007 - 0.009

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Chemical Properties of Marialite
Formula:
Na4Al3Si9O24Cl
Common Impurities:
Fe,Ca,K,S
Crystallography of Marialite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I4/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.060(3) Å, c = 7.572(3) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.628
Unit Cell V:
1 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Prismatic, granular, massive.
Comment:
Teertstra & Sherriff (1996) give a = 12.06(1) and c = 7.551(5) Å for end-member marialite.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Image Loading
Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.80 | (8) |
3.45 | (10) |
3.05 | (9) |
2.68 | (7) |
2.29 | (5) |
1.907 | (7) |
1.363 | (6) |
Type Occurrence of Marialite
Synonyms of Marialite
Other Language Names for Marialite
Relationship of Marialite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Algerite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 | |
Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
Scapolite | This term generally refers to just the marialite-meionite series, not the full scapolite group, ... | Tet. |
Silvialite | (Ca,Na)4(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Albite-Anorthite Series | Feldspar Group. |
Apatite | "Apatite" is a field term for unidentified calcium phosphate members of the apatite group. |
Garnet Supergroup | X3Z2(TO4)3 |
Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Calcite | 14 photos of Marialite associated with Calcite on mindat.org. |
Orthoclase | 11 photos of Marialite associated with Orthoclase on mindat.org. |
Diopside | 8 photos of Marialite associated with Diopside on mindat.org. |
Fluorapatite | 8 photos of Marialite associated with Fluorapatite on mindat.org. |
Afghanite | 7 photos of Marialite associated with Afghanite on mindat.org. |
Meionite | 7 photos of Marialite associated with Meionite on mindat.org. |
Pyrite | 6 photos of Marialite associated with Pyrite on mindat.org. |
Phlogopite | 6 photos of Marialite associated with Phlogopite on mindat.org. |
Titanite | 4 photos of Marialite associated with Titanite on mindat.org. |
Quartz | 3 photos of Marialite associated with Quartz on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
9.FB.05 | Afghanite | (Na,K)22Ca10(Si24Al24O96)(SO4)6Cl6 | Trig. 3m : P3 1c |
9.FB.05 | Bystrite | (Na,K)7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(S5)Cl | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O | Hex. 6 : P63 |
9.FB.05 | Cancrisilite | Na7(Al5Si7O24)(CO3) · 3H2O | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Davyne | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(Cl2,SO4)2 | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
9.FB.05 | Franzinite | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2 · 0.5H2O | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Giuseppettite | (Na,K,Ca)7-8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,Cl)1-2 | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Hydroxycancrinite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(OH)2 · 2H2O | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Liottite | (Na,K)16Ca8(Al6Si6O24)3(SO4)5Cl4 | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Microsommite | Na4K2Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)Cl2 | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Pitiglianoite | Na6K2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · 2H2O | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Quadridavyne | (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)Cl4 | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Sacrofanite | (Na61K19Ca32)(Si84Al84O336)(SO4)26Cl2F6•2H2O | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Tounkite | (Na,Ca,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2Cl · H2O | Hex. |
9.FB.05 | Vishnevite | (Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O | Hex. 6 : P63 |
9.FB.05 | Marinellite | (Na,K)42Ca6(Al6Si6O24)6(SO4)8Cl2 · 3H2O | Trig. 3m : P3 1c |
9.FB.05 | Farneseite | (Na,Ca,K)56(Al6Si6O24)7(SO4)12 · 6H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
9.FB.05 | Alloriite | (Na,Ca,K)26Ca4(Al6Si6O24)4(SO4)6Cl6 | Trig. 3m : P3 1c |
9.FB.05 | Fantappièite | [Na82.5Ca33K16.5](Si99Al99O396)(SO4)33 · 4H2O | Trig. 3 : R3 |
9.FB.05 | Kyanoxalite | Na7(Al6-xSi6+xO24)(C2O4)0.5+x · 5H2O (0 < x < 0.5) | Hex. 6 : P63 |
9.FB.05 | Balliranoite | (Na,K)6Ca2(Si6Al6O24)Cl2(CO3) | Hex. 6 : P63 |
9.FB.05 | Carbobystrite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3) · 3.5H2O | Trig. 3m : P3 1c |
9.FB.05 | Depmeierite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(PO4,CO3)1-x · 3H2O (x<0.5) | Hex. 6 : P63 |
9.FB.05 | Kircherite | Na5Ca2K(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)2 · 0.33H2O | Trig. 3 2 : R3 2 |
9.FB.10 | Bicchulite | Ca2(Al2SiO6)(OH)2 | Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m |
9.FB.10 | Danalite | Be3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S | Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n |
9.FB.10 | Genthelvite | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S | Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n |
9.FB.10 | Haüyne | (Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl) | Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n |
9.FB.10 | Helvine | Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S | Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n |
9.FB.10 | Kamaishilite | Ca2(Al2SiO6)(OH)2 | Tet. |
9.FB.10 | Lazurite | Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,S,S2, S3,Cl,OH)2 | Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n |
9.FB.10 | Nosean | Na8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O | Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n |
9.FB.10 | Sodalite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2 | Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n |
9.FB.10 | Tsaregorodtsevite | (N(CH3)4)(AlSi5O12) | Orth. |
9.FB.10 | Tugtupite | Na4BeAlSi4O12Cl | Tet. 4 : I4 |
9.FB.15 | Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
9.FB.15 | Silvialite | (Ca,Na)4(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
17.3.1 | Rustumite | Ca10(Si2O7)2(SiO4)(OH)2Cl2 | Mon. |
17.3.2 | Zunyite | Al13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
17.3.3 | Sodalite | Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2 | Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n |
17.3.5 | Tugtupite | Na4BeAlSi4O12Cl | Tet. 4 : I4 |
17.3.6 | Eudialyte | Na15Ca6(Fe2+,Mn2+)3Zr3[Si25O73](O,OH,H2O)3(OH,Cl)2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m |
17.3.7 | Alluaivite | Na19(Ca,Mn)6(Ti,Nb)3Si26O74Cl · 2H2O | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m |
17.3.8 | Nasonite | Pb6Ca4(Si2O7)3Cl2 | Hex. |
17.3.9 | Asisite | Pb7SiO9Cl2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm |
17.3.10 | Jagoite | Pb18Fe3+4[Si4(Si,Fe3+)6][Pb4Si16(Si,Fe)4]O82Cl6 | Hex. |
17.3.11 | Friedelite | Mn2+8Si6O15(OH,Cl)10 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
17.3.12 | Pyrosmalite-(Fe) | Fe2+8Si6O15(OH,Cl)10 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
17.3.13 | Pyrosmalite | ||
17.3.14 | Pyrosmalite-(Mn) | Mn2+8Si6O15(OH,Cl)10 | Trig. |
17.3.16 | Mcgillite | (Mn,Fe)8Si6O15(OH)8Cl2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
17.3.17 | Traskite | Ba21Ca(Fe2+,Mn,Ti)4(Ti,Fe,Mg)12(Si12O36)(Si2O7)6(O,OH)30Cl6·14H2O | Hex. |
17.3.18 | Muirite | Ba10Ca2Mn2+Ti[(OH,Cl,F)|HSi2O7]5 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/mmm |
17.3.19 | Verplanckite | Ba2(Mn,Fe,Ti)Si2O6(O,OH,Cl,F)2 · 3H2O or near | Hex. |
Fluorescence of Marialite
Commonly orange to bright yellow or red in SW or LW
PhotoChromic scapolite has been found in Baffin Island and Afghanistan
PhotoChromic scapolite has been found in Baffin Island and Afghanistan
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Marialite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
vom Rath, G. (1866) Mineralogisch-geognostische Fragmente aus Italien. Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft: 18: 634-637.
Papike, J.J., Zoltai, T. (1965) The crystal structure of a marialite scapolite. American Mineralogist: 50: 641-655.
Lin, S.B., Burley, B.J. (1973) Crystal structure of a sodium and chlorine-rich scapolite. Acta Crystallographica: B29: 1272-1278.
Ulbrich, H.H. (1973) Crystallographic data and refractive indices of scapolites. American Mineralogist: 58: 81-92.
Bayliss, P. (1987) Mineral nomenclature: scapolite. Mineralogical Magazine: 51: 176-176.
Belokoneva, E.L., Sokolova, N.V., Urusov, V.S. (1993) Scapolite: crystal structures of marialite (Ma11) and meiorite (Me88) with space groups as functions of composition. Kristallografiya: 38(1): 52-57 (in Russian).
Kabalov, Yu.K., Sokolova, E.V., Urusov, V.S. (1995) Rietveld refinement of scapolite crystal structures: marialite (4.7% Me). Kristallografiya: 40(5): 829-832 (in Russian).
Sokolova, E.V., Kabalov, Y.K., Sherriff, B.L., Teertstra, D.K., Jenkins, D.M., Kunath-Fandrei, G., Goetz, S., Jäger, C. (1996) Marialite: Rietveld structure-refinement and 29Si MAS and 27Al satellite transition NMR spectroscopy. The Canadian Mineralogist: 34: 1039-1050.
Teertstra, D.K., Sherriff, B.L. (1996) Scapolite cell-parameter trends along the solid-solution series. American Mineralogist: 81: 169-180.
Sokolova, E.V., Gobechiya, E.R., Zolotarev, A.A., Kabalov, Yu.K. (2000) Refinement of the crystal structures of two marialites from the Kukurt deposit of the East Pamirs. Kristallografiya: 45: 1014-1018 (in Russian).
Seto, Y., Shimobayashi, N., Miyake, A., Kitamura, M. (2004) Composition and I4/m - P42/n phase transition in scapolite solid solutions. American Mineralogist: 89: 257-265.
Christy, A.G., Gatedal, K. (2005) Extremely Pb-rich rock-forming silicates including a beryllian scapolite and associated minerals in a skarn from Långban, Värmland, Sweden. Mineralogical Magazine: 69: 995-1018.
Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F.C. (2008) The crystal chemistry of the scapolite-group minerals. I. Crystal structure and long-range order. The Canadian Mineralogist: 46: 1527-1554.
Anato, S.M., Hassan, I. (2011) The structures of marialite (Me6) and meionite (Me93) in space groups P42/n and I4/m, and the absence of phase transitions in the scapolite series. Powder Diffraction: 26: 119-125.
Antao, S.M., Hassan, I. (2011) Complete Al-Si order in scapolite Me37.5, ideally Ca3Na5[Al8Si16O48]Cl(CO3), and implications for antiphase domain boundaries (APBs). Canadian Mineralogist: 49: 581-586.
https://www.gia.edu/gems-gemology/spring-2014-gemnews-tenebrescent-scapolite Photochromic Afghan Scapolite (no where to put Internet ref!!!)
Internet Links for Marialite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2575.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
Localities for Marialite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan | |
| RWMW Collection |
(Dudley Blauwet private communication) | |
Moore, T.P.,Woodside, R.M.W. (2014): The Sar-e-Sang Lapis Mines, Kuran Wa Munjan district, Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan. Mineralogical Record 45 (3), 280-336. | |
http://www.mindat.org/mesg-105-318134.html | |
Moore, T.P.,Woodside, R.M.W. (2014): The Sar-e-Sang Lapis Mines, Kuran Wa Munjan district, Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan. Mineralogical Record 45 (3), 280-336. | |
Argentina | |
| specimen from Roberto Kurcbart, 11-2000. |
Australia | |
| Edwards, A.B. and Baker, G., 1953. Scapolitisation in the Cloncurry district of northwestern Queensland. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, 1:1-2, 1-33. |
Edwards, A.B. and Baker, G., 1953. Scapolitisation in the Cloncurry district of northwestern Queensland. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, 1:1-2, 1-33. | |
| Wang, S., and Williams, P.J. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 109-124. |
| part of list University of Queensland |
| Bottrill, RS, 1997. The Minerals of the Cygnet District. The Mineralogical Society of Tasmania Newsletter, 25, p.12; Taheri, J., and Bottrill, R. S., 1998, Porphyry and Sedimentary-hosted Gold Deposits near Cygnet: New Styles of Gold Mineralisation in Tasmania: Unpub Rept, Mineral Resources Tasmania. 1999/01 |
Bottrill, R.S., Everard, J.L. and Taheri, J., 2014. Cretaceous Igneous Rocks. In: Corbett, K.D., Quilty, P.G. and Calver, C.R. (editors), Section 10.3. Geological Evolution of Tasmania. Geological Society of Australia Special Publication 24, Geological Society of Australia (Tasmania Division), 453–463. | |
Austria | |
| |
| Raith, Johann G. (1998) Petrographie und Mineralchemie von Skapolith aus dem Kristallin östlich der Hohen Tauern. Mitt. Abt. Miner. Landesmuseum Joanneum. Heft 62/63, pp.23-38 (https://www.museum-joanneum.at/upload/file/Mineralogie/Mitteilungen/mitt62-63_1998_23-38_Raith.pdf) |
Brazil | |
| Tony Nikischer specimen ands analysis |
Blue Chip Minerals | |
Burundi | The Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), sample # 11251; http://www.metafro.be/mineralogy/browse_hierarchical_geo?country=Burundi |
Canada | |
| Econ Geol (1992) 87:1541-1565 |
| Owen, J.V., Greenough, J.D. (1999) Scapolite Pegmatite from the Minas Fault, Nova Scotia. Mineralogical Magazine: 63(3): 387-397. |
| Can Min 38:1193-1199 |
[Canadian Mineralogist 38 p1193-1199 - "Violet-colored diopside from southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada - C.D.K. Herd, R.C. Peterson and G.R. Rossman"] | |
| Canadian Mineralogist V.6,page 670 |
No reference listed | |
The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 46, pp. 1577-1591 (2008) | |
| element51.com. Fouts, C. (1998) Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook. Bancroft & District Chamber of Commerce, 50pp. |
| http://www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/MDI/data/records/MDI31F07SW00016.html |
| Carter T. R., Colvine A.C. and Meyn H.D. (1980) Geology of Base Metal, Precious Metal, Iron, and Molybdenum Deposits in the Pembroke-Renfrew Area, Ontario geological Survey, Mineral Deposits Circular 20, p. 162. |
| Bowen 1922 Williams, Turner, Gilbert, 1954. |
| D. D. Hogarth (1957): The apatite-bearing veins of Nisikkatch Lake, Saskatchewan. Can. Mineral. 6, 140-150. |
| Hunt, J., Baker, T., and Thorkelson, D. (2005): Mineralium Deposita 40, 492-514. |
Hunt, J., Baker, T., and Thorkelson, D. (2005): Mineralium Deposita 40, 492-514. | |
Chile | |
| Wegner, R. (1982): El Laco/Chile. Lavaströme aus Eisenerz. LAPIS 7 (5), 15-18; - Wegner, R. (1982): El Laco/Chile. Lavaströme aus Eisenerz. LAPIS 7 (5), 15-18 |
China | |
| Xuncheng Wang and Yucai Zhou (1995): Geology and Prospecting 31(3), 9, 16-23 |
| Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242. |
| Fenghua Yang (2001): Geology and Prospecting 37(6), 20-24 |
| Chuanxian Lin and Zheru Zhang (1984): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 1984(1), 12-20. |
| Shaoyong Jiang, Palmer, M.R., Chunji Xue, and Yanhe Li (1994): Mineralogical Magazine 58(4), 543-552 |
| Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp. |
| Fuquan Yang, Huijuan Deng, Haodong Xia, Boyong Ma, and Liben Wang (2003): Xinjiang Geology 21(4), 426-432 |
Czech Republic | |
| Ondruš, P., Veselovský, F., Gabašová, A., Hloušek, J., Šrein, V. (2003) Supplement to secondary and rock-forming minerals of the Jáchymov ore dsitrict. Journal of the Czech Geological Society, 48, 149–155 |
| David Parfitt collection |
Uwe Kolitsch | |
Finland | |
| Karinen, Tuomo 2010. The Koillismaa intrusion northeasten Finland - evidence for PGE reef forming processes in the layered series. Geological Survey of Finland Bulletin 404 |
| Hytönen,K. (1999): Suomen Mineraalit. Geologian tutkimuskeskus. Erillisjulkaisu, Jyväskylä, 399 pp |
Hytönen,K. (1999): Suomen Mineraalit. Geologian tutkimuskeskus. Erillisjulkaisu, Jyväskylä, 399 pp | |
| Joel Dyer Collection |
France | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. , 1993, 5, pp. 85-96. |
| Tschermak, G. (1883): Die Skapolithreihe, Monatshefte für Chemie, Vol. 4, 851-888 |
| Chollet pascal Collection |
Greece | |
| Kolitsch, U., Rieck, B. and Voudouris, P. (2015): Mineralogy and genesis of the Lavrion ore deposit: new insights from the study of ore and accessory minerals. Poster, MinPet 2015, Leoben, Austria, September 10-13; abstract in Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 161, 66. |
Iran | |
| Saeed Alirezaei, Morteza Einali, Peter Jones, Shohreh Hassanpour, Reza Arjmandzadeh (2015): Mineralogy, geochemistry, and evolution of the Mivehrood skarn and the associated pluton, northwest Iran. International Journal of Earth Sciences (in press). |
Italy | |
| [Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58] |
| Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I Minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI |
| Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI |
| Fedele L., Tarzia M., Belkin H.E., De Vivo B., Lima A., Lowenstern J.B. (2006): Magmatic–hydrothermal fluid interaction and mineralization in alkali-syenite nodules from the Breccia Museo pyroclastic deposit, Naples, Italy. In: De Vivo B. (ed.), Volcanism in the Campania Plain: Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei and Ignimbrites. Developments in Volcanology, vol. 9, Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, pages 125-161. |
vom Rath, G. (1866): Mineralogisch-geognostische Fragmente aus Italien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 18, pp. 634-637 | |
in the colletion of Ch. & H. Schäfer | |
Pichler, H., (1970): Italienische Vulkangebiete II, Bornträger Berlin Stuttgart | |
| Carati, M. (1988): I minerali degli inclusi metamorfosati nel Tufo Grigio Campano. Notiziario del Gruppo Mineralogico Geologico Napoletano, 18, 5-12. |
| Van King; Del Caldo A., Moro C., Gramaccioli C.M., Boscardin M. (1973): Guida ai minerali. Fratelli Fabbri Editori, Milano, 208 pp.; Gramaccioli, C.M. (1975): Minerali alpini e prealpini. Istituto Italiano Edizioni Atlas, Bergamo, 2 vol., 472 pp. |
Bertolini A. (1975): Minerali della Valle di Stabio (BS). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 9, 4 (4-1985), 153-159. | |
| Analysis by Dr. Tumaini |
| E. Manasse, 1910 - Oxalite di Capo d'Arco (Isola d'Elba) - Atti R. Acc. Lincei, Rend., v.19, s.5, f.3: 138-146. |
Japan | |
| Masutomi Museum specimen (Kyoto) |
National Science Museum, Tokyo, displayed specimen #211. | |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Nepal | |
| Oleg |
Norway | |
| Kullerud, K. and Erambert, M. (1999) Cl-scapolite, Cl-amphibole, and plagioclase equilibria in ductile shear zones at Nusfjord, Lofoten, Norway: Implications for fluid compositional evolution during fluid-mineral interaction in the deep crust. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63, 3829-3844. |
| Identified by XRD, NTH, Sveinung Bergstøl ( Cfr Geo-posten. Ålesund og omegn geologiforening. Julenummer 1989) |
| Lieftink, D.J., Nijland, T.G. & Maijer, C. (1993): Cl-rich scapolite from Ødegårdens Verk, Bamble, Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift 73 (1), 55-57 |
| Nordrum, F.S. Larsen, A.O. & Austrheim, H. (2000): Ni,Co-mineralizations in the Valberg quarry, Kragerø, South Norway: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 17: 64-70 |
| Jamtveit B., Dahlgren S. and Austrheim H. (1997): High-grade contact metamorphism of calcareous rocks from the Oslo Rift, Southern Norway. American Mineralogist. 82 : 1241 - 1254 |
Peru | |
| J.Hyrsl (2012) Gemstones of Peru, p71 |
| De Haller, A., Corfu, F., Fontboté, L., Schaltegger, U., Barra, F., Chiaradia, M., ... & Alvarado, J. Z. (2006). Geology, geochronology, and Hf and Pb isotope data of the Raúl-Condestable iron oxide-copper-gold deposit, central coast of Peru. Economic Geology, 101(2), 281-310.; Williams, P. J., Barton, M. D., Johnson, D. A., Fontboté, L., De Haller, A., Mark, G., ... & Marschik, R. (2005). Iron oxide copper-gold deposits: Geology, space-time distribution, and possible modes of origin. Economic Geology, 371-405. |
Russia | |
| [World of Stones 12:49] |
| Chukanov, N.V., et al. (2002): Zap. Vses. Min. Obs. 131(2), 58-62; American Mineralogist 88, 933 (2003) |
South Africa | |
| Minerals of South Africa |
| Minerals of South Africa |
Spain | |
| JRGL collection |
| MinRec 33:498 |
Sweden | |
| C. Wanhainen & O. Martinsson (2000) The Aitik Cu-Au deposit, Gellivare area, northern Sweden. In Abstract volume and Field trip Guidebook, 2nd annual GEODE-Fennoscandian shield field workshop on Palaeoproterozoic and Archean greenstone belts and VMS districts in the Fennoscandian Shield (Vol. 28). |
| IMA 18th General Meeting, Programme with Abstracts, 266 |
| Valentin Alain (2014) Mineral Chemistry and Texture Paragenesis of Alteration Minerals in the Pahtohavare Cu-Au Deposit, Sweden. Masters Thesis Luleå University of Technology |
| Henriques, Å.(1964): Geology and Ores of the Åmmeberg District (Zinkgruvan), Sweden. Arkiv för mineralogi och geologi, 4 (1). Almqvist & Wiksell. 246 pages + 3 plates |
| Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183. ; Christy, A.G. & Gatedal, K. (2005): Extremely Pb-rich rock-forming silicates including a beryllian scapolite and associated minerals in a skarn from Långban, Värmland, Sweden. Mineralogical Magazine, 69, 995-1018. |
| SAMLA 4.2 - Swedish Mineral Database in Swedish |
Tanzania | |
| Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis |
| Van King |
| Harvard Museum of Natural History specimen no. 124903 |
UK | |
| http://www.mineralman.f9.co.uk/quarries/meldon.htm |
| Drever, H.I. (1936) Geol. Mag. 73, 452, 457.; Livingstone, A. and Macpherson, H.G. (1983) Fifth supplementary list of British minerals (Scottish). Mineralogical Magazine, vol. 47, n° 342, p. 99-105. |
| Tindle, A.G. (2008) Minerals of Britain and Ireland, Terra Publishing. |
USA | |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 362. |
| Albino, G. V. (1995). Sodium metasomatism along the Melones fault zone, Sierra Nevada foothills, California, USA. Mineralogical Magazine, 59(3), 383-399. |
| Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press. |
| McAllister, James Franklin (1955), Geology of mineral deposits in the Ubehebe Peak quadrangle, Inyo County, California. California Division Mines, Special Report 42, 63 pp.: 60; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 366. |
McAllister, James Franklin (1955), Geology of mineral deposits in the Ubehebe Peak quadrangle, Inyo County, California. California Division Mines, Special Report 42, 63 pp.: 60; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 366. | |
| Sharp, W.E. (1959) Minerals from Los Angeles County, California. Printed privately, Los Angeles, California: 63; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 367. |
| Cooney, R.L. (1956), The mineralogy of the Jensen and Henshaw quarries near Riverside, California: Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of California at Los Angeles: 21; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 367; Devito, F. and Ordway, A. (1984), The Jensen Quarry, Riverside County, California. Mineralogical Record: 15(5): 273-290. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Harold Moritz collection |
Shannon, Earl V. (1921b), Some Minerals from the Old Tungsten Mine at Long Hill in Trumbull, Connecticut. Proceedings U.S. National Museum: 58(2348): 469-482.; Harold Moritz collection. | |
Harold Moritz collection | |
| Harold Moritz collection |
| Anderson, 1991. Maine Mineral Localities, 2nd ed. |
King & Foord, 1994: Mineralogy of Maine, V.1 | |
| P Cristofono collection |
| Vanko, David A. & Finley C. Bishop (1982), Occurrence and Origin of Marialitic Scapolite in the Humboldt lopolith, N.W. Nevada, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 81: 277-289. |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| Maertens, J. (2007) Collecting Minerals at Tilcon's Millington Quarry. The Tilcon Times, Summer:10. |
| Dunn(1995):Pt4:512. |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
| Harvard Museum of Natural History specimen no. 130846 |
Rocks & Min. (2007) 82:242 | |
NY State Museum spec. no. 11086 | |
| Marian Lupulescu (2008) Rocks and Minerals, 83, #3. |
| (Januzzi, 1966, 1989) (Trainer, 1940) (Nightingale 2001) |
| NY State Museum spec. no. 19585 |
| Steven C. Chamberlain |
Chamberlain, Steve C., M.R. Walter, D.G. Bailey, J. Chiarenzelli & G.W. Robinson (2014), A new collecting site at the Rose Road Locality, Pitcairn, St. Lawrence County, New York, a presentation to the 41st. Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, April 25, 2014. | |
| Chamberlain, Steve C., Walter, M., and Richards, R. P., 2011, Phlogopite Triplets from the Selleck Road Occurrence, West Pierrepont, St. Lawrence County, NY, 38th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium Progran and Abstracts, p. 14-15. |
| Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Mins. New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Min. Soc. of PA, Inc.: 54; Sims, Samuel J. (1968), "The Grace Mine Magnetite Dep., Berks Co., PA" in Ridge, John D. ed., Ore Deps. of the US 1933-1967, Vol I:115. |
| Reed, Juliet C., Annotated Bibliography of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List - 1965-1974,Min. Soc. of PA, Inc. (1976): 53; Gordon, Samuel G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA:89. |
| Reed, Juliet C., Annotated Bibliography of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List - 1965-1974,Min. Soc. of PA, Inc. (1976): 53; Gordon, Samuel G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA:89. |
| Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Minerals New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Min. Soc. of PA, Inc.: 53; Gordon, Samuel G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA:89. |
| Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Minerals New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Min. Soc. of PA, Inc.: 53; Gordon, Samuel G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA:89. |
| Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Minerals New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Min. Soc. of PA, Inc.: 53; Tomlinson, W. Harold (1943), "Occurrence of Sodic Scapolite at Falls of French Creek, Chester Co., PA," Am.Min.:28:110-114. |
Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Minerals New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Min. Soc. of PA, Inc.: 53; Gordon, Samuel G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA:89. | |
| Reed, Juliet C., Annotated Bibliography of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List - 1965-1974,Min. Soc. of PA, Inc. (1976): 53; Gordon, Samuel G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA:89. |
Reed, Juliet C., Annotated Bibliography of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List - 1965-1974,Min. Soc. of PA, Inc. (1976): 53; Gordon, Samuel G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA:89. | |
| Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Minerals New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Min. Soc. of PA, Inc.: 19 & 25-26, 39, 44-45, 54; Montgomery, Arthur (Jul & Aug, 1973) PA Mins. (PM), PM(127) & (128). |
| Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Minerals New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Min. Soc. of PA, Inc.: 53; Gordon, Samuel G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA:89. |
Pitwak Mine, Ladjuar Medam, Sar-e Sang, Koksha Valley, Khash & Kuran Wa Munjan Districts, Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan