|
South Africa | |
| www.bgr.de/b423/oberthuer_ptconf_pgm_bushveld.pdf. |
- Alfred Nzo District Municipality
- Umzimvubu Local Municipality
| Ferré, E. C., Bordarier, C., & Marsh, J. S. (2002). Magma flow inferred from AMS fabrics in a layered mafic sill, Insizwa, South Africa. Tectonophysics, 354(1), 1-23. |
- Chris Hani District Municipality
- Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality
| Frost, M. J. (1971) The Molteno Meteorite Mineralogical Magazine 38 (293): 89-93. (Mar 1971) |
- Fezile Dabi District Municipality
- Moqhaka Local Municipality
| D. Pienaar. (2014). A Geometallurgical Characterization of the Vaal Reef A-Facies at the Moab Khotsong Mine, AngloGold Ashanti, with specific focus on gold and uranium deposrtment.. MSc thesis, Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, 217 pages. |
- Lejweleputswa District Municipality
- Matjhabeng Local Municipality
| De Jager, E. J. (2015). The analysis of the mine call factor in gold mining, with specific reference to Western Holding Mine (Doctoral dissertation). |
- Tokologo Local Municipality
| Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75. |
- Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality
| Labotka, T. C. & Papike, J. J. (1980) Samples of the regolith of the eucrite parent-body: Petrology of Frankfort, Pavlovka, Yurtuk, Malvern, and ALHA 77302. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XI: 1103-1130. |
- Xhariep District Municipality
- Kopanong Local Municipality
| Tsai, H. M., Meyer, H. O., Moreau, J., & Milledge, H. J. (1979). Mineral inclusions in diamond: premier, Jagersfontein and Finsch kimberlites, South Africa, and Williamson mine, Tanzania. Kimberlites, Diatremes, and Diamonds: Their Geology, Petrology, and Geochemistry, 16-26. |
- Letsemeng Local Municipality
| Meyer, N. A. (2021). Diamonds and Their Inclusions From the Koffiefontein Mine. Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta |
- City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
| Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 |
- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
| Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 |
- West Rand District Municipality
| Econ Geol (1986) 81:20-31 |
- King Cetshwayo District Municipality
| Buchanan, P. C., Lindstrom, D. J., Mittlefehldt, D. W., Koeberl, C. & Reimold, W. U. (2000) The South African eucrite Macibini: Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (6): 1321-1331. (Nov 2000) |
| Ware, C.I. (2001). Evolution of the northern Kwa-Zulu-Natal coastal dune cordon: evidence from the fien-grained sediment fraction. Master of Science dissertation, School of Geological and Computer Sciences, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa, 197 pages. |
- Capricorn District Municipality
- Blouberg Local Municipality
| Manyeruke, T. D. (2007). Compositional and lithological variation of the Platreef on the farm Nonnenwerth, northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: Implications for the origin of Platinum-group elements (PGE) mineralization (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria). |
| McCreesh, M. J., Yudovskaya, M. A., Kinnaird, J. A., & Reinke, C. (2018). Platinum-group minerals of the F and T zones, Waterberg Project, far northern Bushveld Complex: implication for the formation of the PGE mineralization. Mineralogical Magazine, 82(3), 539-575. |
- Molemole Local Municipality
| Mothetha, M.V. (2009) Mineral And Mining Development Study Of The Molemole Local Municipality, Limpopo Province. Council For Geoscience, Limpopo Unit, on behalf of Molemole Local Municipality |
- Sekhukhune District Municipality
- Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality
| Northam Platinum |
| www.platmin.com (n.d.) http://www.platmin.com/downloads/tr/CPR_grootboom_feb09.pdf |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| www.platmin.com (n.d.) http://www.platmin.com/downloads/tr/CPR_grootboom_feb09.pdf |
| Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona. |
| Oberthür, T., Melcher, F., Sitnikova, M., Rudashevsky, N. S., Rudashevsky, V. N., Cabri, L. J., ... & Gast, L. (2008). Combination of novel mineralogical methods in the study of noble metal ores–focus on pristine (Bushveld, Great Dyke) and placer platinum mineralisation. In Ninth International Congress for Applied Mineralogy ICAM (pp. 187-194). |
| Anglo American plc |
| South African Journal of Geology, Dec. 2004, V 107, N 4, pp. 505-520. |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Econ Geol (1986) 81:1087-1095 |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Kottke-Levin, J. (2011). A geochemical study of the Middle Group chromitites, Helena mine, Bushveld complex, South Africa (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Free State). PMPB Meulenbeld collection |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Oberthür, T., Melcher, F., Goldmann, S., & Fröhlich, F. (2021). High grade ores of the Onverwacht platinum pipe, eastern Bushveld, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 59(6), 1397-1435. Zaccarini, F., Garuti, G., & Cawthorn, R. G. (2002). Platinum-group minerals in chromitite xenoliths from the Onverwacht and Tweefontein ultramafic pipes, eastern Bushveld Complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 40(2), 481-497. |
| Nafziger, R. H. (1982). A review of the deposits and beneficiation of lower-grade chromite. J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall., 82(8), 205-226. |
| PMPB Meulenbeld collection |
| PMPB Meulenbeld collection |
- Waterberg District Municipality
- Lephalale Local Municipality
| du Plessis, G., Jonck, G.J., and Kruger, R. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 362-370. |
- Mogalakwena Local Municipality
| Yudovskaya, M., Kinnaird, J., Naldrett, A. J., Mokhov, A. V., McDonald, I., & Reinke, C. (2011). Facies variation in PGE mineralization in the central Platreef of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 49(6), 1349-1384. Econ Geol (1986) 81:1096-1104 |
| Ndhlovu, M. B. (2017). A Mineralogical and Geochemical study of Platinum-Group Minerals and Base-Metal Sulfides in the P1 and P2 units of the Platreef at the Akanani Project Area, Lonmin PLC. University of Johannesburg (South Africa). Mandende, H. (2014). Geochemical and petrographic characterization of platreef pyroxenite Package p1, p2, p3 and p4 units at the akanani prospect area, bushveld Complex, South Africa. Masters thesis University of the Western Cape Van der Merwe, F. (2011). MLA-Based Mineralogical Investigation of PGE Mineralisation at Lonmin's Akanani Platinum Group Metal Project, Northern Limb of the Bushveld Complex (Masters dissertation, University of Johannesburg). |
| Maier, W.D., de Klerk, L., Blaine, J., Manyeruke, T., Barnes, S.-J., Stevens, M.V.A., and Mavrogenes, J.A. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 255-280. |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Sutherland, A. J., Holwell, D. A., & Smith, J. W. (2013). The nature and genesis of PGE-rich sulphide horizons on the farm War Springs, northern Bushveld Complex, South Africa. PROGRAMME AND ABSTRACT VOLUME, 106. |
| Holwell, D. A., & McDonald, I. (2007). Distribution of platinum-group elements in the Platreef at Overysel, northern Bushveld Complex: a combined PGM and LA-ICP-MS study. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 154(2), 171-190. |
| Maier, W.D., de Klerk, L., Blaine, J., Manyeruke, T., Barnes, S.-J., Stevens, M.V.A., and Mavrogenes, J.A. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 255-280. |
| MCDONALD I., HOLWELL D.A. & ARMITAGE P.E.B. (2005). Geochemistry and mineralogy of the Platreef and ìCritical Zoneî cumulates of the Northern limb of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa: implications for Bushveld stratigraphy and the development of PGE mineralization. Miner. Deposita, 40, 526-549. Armitage, P. E. B., McDonald, I., Edwards, S. J., & Manby, G. M. (2002). Platinum-group element mineralization in the Platreef and calc-silicate footwall at Sandsloot, Potgietersrus District, South Africa. Applied Earth Science: Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy: Section B, 111(1), 36-45. |
| Manyeruke, T. D. (2007). Compositional and lithological variation of the Platreef on the farm Nonnenwerth, northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: Implications for the origin of Platinum-group elements (PGE) mineralization (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria). |
| Hutchinson, D., & Kinnaird, J. A. (2005). Complex multistage genesis for the Ni–Cu–PGE mineralisation in the southern region of the Platreef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Applied Earth Science, 114(4), 208-224. |
| Grobler, D. F., Brits, J. A. N., Maier, W. D., & Crossingham, A. (2019). Litho-and chemostratigraphy of the Flatreef PGE deposit, northern Bushveld Complex. Mineralium Deposita, 54(1), 3-28. |
| Zaccarini, F., Garuti, G., and Cawthorn, R.G. (2002) Platinum-group minerals in chromitite xenoliths from the Onverwacht and Tweefontein ultramafic pipes, eastern Bushveld Complex. Canadian Mineralogist: 40: 481-497. |
- Thabazimbi Local Municipality
| Scoon, R. N., & Eales, H. V. (2002). Unusual Fe-Ti-Cr spinels from discordant bodies of iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite at the Amandelbult Platinum mine, northwestern Bushveld Complex. Mineralogical Magazine, 66(6), 857-879. MinMag 66:857 |
| Roberts, M. D., Basson, I. J., Miller, J. A., Reid, D. L., Roberts, M., & Smith, D. S. Continuity of PGE Mineralization Associated with the Merensky Event in the Regional Pothole Sub-facies at Northam Platinum Mine. |
| Northam Platinum |
| Hatton, C. J., & Von Gruenewaldt, G. (1985). Chromite from the Swartkop chrome mine an estimate of the effects of subsolidus reequilibration. Economic Geology, 80(4), 911-924. |
- Ehlanzeni District Municipality
- Mbombela Local Municipality
| Rocks & Min.: 21:275. |
- Thaba Chweu Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
- Gert Sibande District Municipality
- Chief Albert Luthuli Local Municipality
| Gauert, Christoph, and Armin Zeh. (2022) "Downdip Development of the Ni-Cu-PGE-Bearing Mafic to Ultramafic Uitkomst Complex, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa" Minerals 12, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010022 |
| Gauert, Christoph, and Armin Zeh. (2022) "Downdip Development of the Ni-Cu-PGE-Bearing Mafic to Ultramafic Uitkomst Complex, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa" Minerals 12, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010022 Mulaba-Bafubiandi, A.F. (2020) A Process Mineralogical Evaluation of Chromite at the Nkomati Nickel Mine, Uitkomst Complex, South Africa. Minerals 10, 709. Günther, C. (2013). Mineralogy of the Talc-Carbonate-Pyrite-Schist and its spatial distribution in open pit 3 of the Nkomati Nickel Mine in the Uitkomst Complex, South Africa. Masters thesis Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg Bowers, R. L., & Smit, D. S. (2007). Process development of the Nkomati PCMZ base metals sulphide ore. In The Fourth Southern African Conference on Base Metals (pp. 415-432). Dzvinamurungu, T. Rose, D.H. Viljoen, K.S. |
- Mkhondo Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
- Bojanala Platinum District Municipality
- Madibeng Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| J. Papp (2009) Chromium. USGS Minerals Yearbook, 2008, V. 1, Metals and Minerals Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, Volume 59:71 |
| www.sylvaniaplatinum.com (2014) http://www.sylvaniaplatinum.com/im/files/documents/slv_AR2013.pdf Min.Rec.:20(5):398. |
| Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000). Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561. Ballhaus, C. G., & Stumpfl, E. F. (1986). Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94(2), 193-204. |
- Moses Kotane Local Municipality
- Pilanesberg Alkaline Ring Complex
| www.glencore.com (n.d.) http://www.glencore.com/global-operations/ |
| www.meraferesources.co.za (n.d.) http://www.meraferesources.co.za/inv-mineral-resources.php#.U9Bb9uNdU5I |
| McDonald, J. A. (1967). Evolution of part of the lower critical zone, farm Ruighoek, western Bushveld. Journal of Petrology, 8(2), 165-209. |
- Rustenburg Local Municipality
| www.lonmin.com (2014) https://www.lonmin.com/downloads/media_centre/news/press/2014/Q2%202014%20Production%20Report%20-%2009052014%20-%20FINAL.pdf Dzvinamurungu, T. (2012). Geometallurgical characterisation of Merensky Reef and UG2 at the Lonmin Marikana mine, Bushveld Complex, South Africa (Doctoral dissertation, University of Johannesburg). Dzvinamurungu, T. (2012). Geometallurgical characterisation of Merensky Reef and UG2 at the Lonmin Marikana mine, Bushveld Complex, South Africa (Doctoral dissertation, University of Johannesburg). |
| Aquarius Platinum |
| Prichard, H. M., Barnes, S. J., Maier, W. D., & Fisher, P. C. (2004). Variations in the nature of the platinum-group minerals in a cross-section through the Merensky Reef at Impala Platinum: Implications for the mode of formation of the reef. The Canadian Mineralogist, 42(2), 423-437. |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Junge, M., Oberthur, T., Melcher, F. (2014) CRYPTIC VARIATION OF CHROMITE CHEMISTRY, PLATINUM GROUP ELEMENT AND PLATINUM GROUP MINERAL DISTRIBUTION IN THE UG-2 CHROMITITE: AN EXAMPLE FROM THE KAREE MINE, WESTERN BUSHVELD COMPLEX, SOUTH AFRICA. Economic Geology, 109 (3) 795-810 doi:10.2113/econgeo.109.3.795 |
| Smith, A. J. B., Viljoen, K. S., Schouwstra, R., Roberts, J., Schalkwyk, C., & Gutzmer, J. (2013). Geological variations in the Merensky Reef at Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine and its influence on flotation performance. Minerals Engineering, 52, 155-168. Lionnet, M. D., & Lomberg, K. G. (2007). The application of facies classification in evaluating the Merensky Reef at Bafokeng Rasimone platinum mine, South Africa. Journal-South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 107(1), 37. |
| Garuti, G. (2020) Zoned Laurite from the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa: “Hydrothermal” in Origin? Minerals 10, 373. Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . Zaccarini, F. |
| Mabule Modiba, D. R. Unusual pothole structures in the UG2 sequence at Townlands Shaft, Rustenburg Section. |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Anglo American plc |
| US Bureau Mines (1991) Statistical Appendix to Minerals Yearbook, Volume 1 |
| Dale Foster Collection |
| Econ Geol (1986) 81:1080-1086 Brynard, H. J., De Villiers, J. P. R., & Viljoen, E. A. (1976). A mineralogical investigation of the Merensky Reef at the Western Platinum mine, near Marikana, South Africa. Economic Geology, 71(7), 1299-1307. |
| Chris Emproto Collection |
| Voordouw, R. J., Gutzmer, J., & Beukes, N. J. (2010). Zoning of platinum group mineral assemblages in the UG2 chromitite determined through in situ SEM-EDS-based image analysis. Mineralium Deposita, 45(2), 147-159. Natural History Museum specimen, Mindat photo id 685842 |
- Dr Ruth Segomotsi Mompati District Municipality
- Naledi Local Municipality
| Cloete, M., Hart, R. J., Cloete, H. C. C., McDonald, I., & Andreoli, M. A. G. (2001). Inclusions from the Morokweng Impact Melt Sheet, South Africa: Possible Fragments of a Palaeometeorite. Meteoritics and Planetary Science Supplement, 36, A41. |
- Frances Baard District Municipality
- Dikgatlong Local Municipality
| Nabil Z. Boctor and F. R. Boyd (1982) Petrology of kimberlite from the DeBruyn and Martin Mine, Bellsbank, South Africa. American Mineralogist 67:917-925 |
- Sol Plaatje Local Municipality
| Abersteiner, A., Kamenetsky, V. S., Goemann, K., Giuliani, A., Howarth, G. H., Castillo-Oliver, M., ... & Cherry, A. (2019). Composition and emplacement of the Benfontein kimberlite sill complex (Kimberley, South Africa): Textural, petrographic and melt inclusion constraints. Lithos, 324, 297-314. |
| Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75. |
- KEM JV Mine (Kimberley Ekapa Mining Joint Venture mine; Kimberley Underground mine)
| Giuliani, A., Soltys, A., Phillips, D., Kamenetsky, V. S., Maas, R., Goemann, K., ... & Griffin, W. L. (2017). The final stages of kimberlite petrogenesis: petrography, mineral chemistry, melt inclusions and Sr-CO isotope geochemistry of the Bultfontein kimberlite (Kimberley, South Africa). Chemical Geology, 455, 342-356. |
| Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75. |
| Field, M., Stiefenhofer, J., Robey, J., and Kurszlaukis, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 33-75. |
- Namakwa District Municipality
- Karoo Hoogland Local Municipality
| Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 Ramdohr, P. (1967) Chromite and chromite chondrules in meteorites—I : Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 31(10): 1961-1967. (Oct 1967). |
- ZF Mgcawu District Municipality
- Kgatelopele Local Municipality
| Petra Diamonds Ltd |
| De Wet, J.F., Van Niekerk, J.N. (1952) Chromite Investigations Pt. V—The total Analysis, Composition and Structure of Transvaal Chromite. Journal Chemical Metallurgical and Mining Society of South Africa, 52, 10-18. |
- Cape Winelands District Municipality
- Drakenstein Local Municipality
| Mittlefehldt, D. W., McCoy, T. J., Goodrich, C. A. & Kracher, A. (1998). Non-chondritic meteorites from asteroidal bodies. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J. [Ed.]): Chapter 4, 195 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA. Floran, R. J., Caulfield, J. B. D., Harlow, G. E. & Prinz, M. (1978) Impact-Melt Origin for the Simondium, Hainholz and Pinnaroo Mesosiderites (Abstract.): Lunar and Planetary Science, IX: 326-328. (March 1978) Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 Prior, G. T. (1918) On the mesosiderite-grahamite group of meteorites: With analyses of Vaca Muerte, Hainholz, Simondium and Powder Creek. Mineralogical Magazine 18 (85): 151-172. (Aug 1918) |
- Witzenberg Local Municipality
| MacDougall, J. D. & Phinney, D. (1977) Olivine separates from Murchison and Cold Bokkeveld - Particle tracks and noble gases. In: Lunar Science Conference, 8th, Houston, Tex., March 14-18, 1977, Proceedings. Volume 1. (A78-41551 18-91) New York, Pergamon Press, Inc., 1977, p. 293-311. Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 |
- Central Karoo District Municipality
- Beaufort West Local Municipality
| Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 |
| Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 |
- City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality
| Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 |
| Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025 |
- West Coast District Municipality
- Matzikama Local Municipality
| Macdonald, W.G., Rozendaal, A., and de Meijer, R.J. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 371-381. |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
Buffelsfontein chrome mine, Brits, Madibeng Local Municipality, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa