Bijvoetite-(Y)
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Bijvoetite-(Y)
Johannes Martin Bijvoet [1892–1980]
Formula:
Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O
Structural formula (Li et al., 2000): [M83+(H2O)25(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16](H2O)14, where M= (Y,REE)
Colour:
Yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
3.9
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1982 by Michel Deliens and Paul Piret in honor of Johannes Martin Bijvoet (23 January 1892, Amsterdam, Netherlands – 4 March 1980, Winterswijk, Netherlands), Dutch crystallographer.
It is one of four Y-UO2-minerals, and one of four Y-U natural salts, beside alwilkinsite-(Y), sejkoraite-(Y) (sulphates) and kamotoite-(Y) (also a carbonate).
As shown by a study by Plášil & Petříček (2016), the crystal structures of bijvoetite-(Y) and kamotoite-(Y) are the same. However, the identity of these two minerals is not yet confirmed. Since the type material of bijvoetite-(Y) contains only one crystal, which has not been spent for analyses by Deliens & Piret, it is unlikely that a new study leading to the entire clarification of their status will be undertaken.
As shown by a study by Plášil & Petříček (2016), the crystal structures of bijvoetite-(Y) and kamotoite-(Y) are the same. However, the identity of these two minerals is not yet confirmed. Since the type material of bijvoetite-(Y) contains only one crystal, which has not been spent for analyses by Deliens & Piret, it is unlikely that a new study leading to the entire clarification of their status will be undertaken.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
669
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:669:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
a88a53a7-8652-4b98-b45b-dcc00e927c12
IMA Classification of Bijvoetite-(Y)
Approved
IMA Formula:
Y8(UO2)16O8(CO3)16(OH)8 · 39H2O
Approval year:
1981
First published:
1982
Classification of Bijvoetite-(Y)
5.EB.20
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
E : Uranyl Carbonates
B : UO2:CO3 = 1:1
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
E : Uranyl Carbonates
B : UO2:CO3 = 1:1
16b.2.4.1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : AmBn(XO3)pZqxH2O & with (m+n):p = 3:2
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : AmBn(XO3)pZq
11.11.18
11 : Carbonates
11 : Carbonates of Cr and U
11 : Carbonates
11 : Carbonates of Cr and U
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Bij-Y | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Bijvoetite-(Y)
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Yellow
Streak:
Light yellow
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=36 - Vickers
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{001)
{001)
Density:
3.9 g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Bijvoetite-(Y)
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.600(2) nβ = 1.650(2) nγ = 1.722(2)
2V:
Measured: 84° , Calculated: 83°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.122
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v weak
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Colorless (X), pale yellow (Y), deep yellow (Z)
Chemistry of Bijvoetite-(Y)
Mindat Formula:
Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O
Structural formula (Li et al., 2000): [M83+(H2O)25(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16](H2O)14, where M= (Y,REE)
Structural formula (Li et al., 2000): [M83+(H2O)25(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16](H2O)14, where M= (Y,REE)
Common Impurities:
Nd,Sm,Gd,Dy
Crystallography of Bijvoetite-(Y)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 21.234(3) Å, b = 12.958(2) Å, c = 44.911(6) Å
β = 90.00(2)°
β = 90.00(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.639 : 1 : 3.466
Unit Cell V:
12,357.27 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
16
Twinning:
twinned
Comment:
space group B1211
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0005642 | Bijvoetite-(Y) | Li Y, Burns P C, Gault R A (2000) A new rare-earth-element uranyl carbonate sheet in the structure of bijvoetite-(Y) The Canadian Mineralogist 38 153-162 |  | 2000 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.61 Å | (80) |
| 6.70 Å | (100) |
| 4.16 Å | (60) |
| 3.52 Å | (50) |
| 3.36 Å | (50) |
| 2.996 Å | (60) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
| 47f : [Uranyl (U⁶⁺) minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Bijvoetite-(Y)
General Appearance of Type Material:
Platy.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Royal Museum of Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, RMG13781.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Deliens, M., Piret, P. (1982) Bijvoetite et lepersonnite, carbonates hydratés d’uranyle et de terres rares de Shinkolobwe, Zaïre. Canadian Mineralogist: 20: 231–238.
Synonyms of Bijvoetite-(Y)
Other Language Names for Bijvoetite-(Y)
German:Bijvoetit-(Y)
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 3 photos of Bijvoetite-(Y) associated with Lepersonnite-(Gd) | Ca(Gd,Dy)2(UO2)24(SiO4)4(CO3)8(OH)24 · 48H2O |
| 1 photo of Bijvoetite-(Y) associated with Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| 1 photo of Bijvoetite-(Y) associated with Curite | Pb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2 |
| 1 photo of Bijvoetite-(Y) associated with Rutherfordine | (UO2)CO3 |
| 1 photo of Bijvoetite-(Y) associated with Becquerelite | Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O |
| 1 photo of Bijvoetite-(Y) associated with Masuyite | Pb(UO2)3O3(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| 1 photo of Bijvoetite-(Y) associated with Uraninite | UO2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.EB.05 | Rutherfordine | (UO2)CO3 |
| 5.EB.10 | Blatonite | (UO2)CO3 · H2O |
| 5.EB.15 | Joliotite | (UO2)CO3 · nH2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Bijvoetite-(Y)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-669.html
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References for Bijvoetite-(Y)
Reference List:
Li, Y., Burns, P. C., Gault, R. A. (2000) A new rare-earth element uranyl carbonate sheet in the structure of bijvoetite-(Y) The Canadian Mineralogist, 38 (1) 153-162 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.38.1.153
Burns, Peter C. (2005) U6+ minerals and inorganic compounds: insights into an expanded structural hierarchy of crystal structures. The Canadian Mineralogist, 43 (6) 1839-1894 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.43.6.1839
Localities for Bijvoetite-(Y)
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic | |
| Pauliš P. et al. (Kutna Hora, issue 1) |
DR Congo (TL) | |
| Deliens et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
Finland | |
| Al-Ani et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
Zimbabwe | |
| Clark (1993) |
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Shinkolobwe Mine, Shinkolobwe, Kambove Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo