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Tsumcorite

A valid IMA mineral species
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03740980014977330101057.jpg
Tsumcorite

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
06129020017056735898454.jpg
Tsumcorite, etc.

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
03686460014976630889487.jpg
Tsumcorite

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
09797120014947338528611.jpg
Tsumcorite

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
06129020017056735898454.jpg
Tsumcorite, etc.

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
06526810014947338636543.jpg
Tsumcorite

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
08491400014947338569433.jpg
Tsumcorite

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
03424480017057155932950.jpg
Tsumcorite, etc.

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
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About TsumcoriteHide

08821730014951865878884.jpg
De Wet shaft

Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
Formula:
PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O
May contain minor Fe3+ replacing Zn.
Colour:
Yellow-brown, red-brown, orange
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
5.2
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after its type locality, the Tsumeb Corporation (Tsumcor) mine, Tsumeb, Namibia
Tsumcorite Group.

See also Cobalttsumcorite and Nickeltsumcorite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
4039
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4039:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
044f9c4d-550f-48b0-b893-8d8d64242a83

IMA Classification of TsumcoriteHide

Classification of TsumcoriteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
8.CG.15

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1
Dana 7th ed.:
40.2.9.1
Dana 8th ed.:
40.2.9.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2 : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
20.5.14

20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
5 : Arsenates of Ti and Pb

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
TmcIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of TsumcoriteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Debbie WoolfUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of TsumcoriteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Yellow-brown, red-brown, orange
Streak:
Yellow
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{001}, good.
Density:
5.2 g/cm3 (Measured)    5.39 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of TsumcoriteHide

Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 1.870 - 1.910 nβ = 1.890 - 1.930 nγ = 1.920 - 1.960
2V:
Measured: 67° to 84°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.050
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
dispersion not observed
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = Z = pale yellow; Y = yellow.

Chemistry of TsumcoriteHide

Mindat Formula:
PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O

May contain minor Fe3+ replacing Zn.
Elements listed:
As, H, O, Pb, Zn - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of TsumcoriteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.124 Å, b = 6.329 Å, c = 7.577 Å
β = 115.3°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.442 : 1 : 1.197
Unit Cell V:
395.57 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
Common, on a unknown law

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0009499TsumcoriteTillmanns E, Gebert W (1973) The crystal structure of tsumcorite, a new mineral from the Tsumeb Mine, S.W. Africa Acta Crystallographica B29 2789-27941973Tsumeb mine, Namibia, Africa0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.244 Å(100)
4.663 Å(90)
2.863 Å(90)
2.742 Å(70)
3.021 Å(60)
2.573 Å(50)
2.540 Å(40)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates]

Type Occurrence of TsumcoriteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Tsumeb Mine (Ongopolo Mine), Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
General Appearance of Type Material:
Radiating fibrous crusts.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
n.d.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
MimetiteBeudantiteAnglesite
Reference:
Geier, B.H., Kautz, K., MĂŒller, G. (1971) Tsumcorit(e) [PbZnFe(AsO4)2] · H2O, ein neues mineral aus den oxidationszonen der Tsumeb-Mine, SĂŒdwestafrika. Neues Jahrbuch fĂŒr Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 1971: 305-309.

Synonyms of TsumcoriteHide

Other Language Names for TsumcoriteHide

Relationship of Tsumcorite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Tsumcorite Group
Other Members of this group:
AlumolukrahniteCa[CuAl](AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
CabalzariteCaMg2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
CobaltlotharmeyeriteCaCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
CobalttsumcoritePbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
FerrilotharmeyeriteCaZnFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
GartrellitePbCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2OTric. 1 : P1
HelmutwinkleritePbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
KaliochalciteKCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
KrettnichitePbMn3+2(VO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
LotharmeyeriteCaZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
LukrahniteCaCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2Tric. 1 : P1
ManganlotharmeyeriteCaMn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
MawbyitePbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
MounanaitePbFe3+2(VO4)2(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
NatrochalciteNaCu2(SO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
NickellotharmeyeriteCaNi2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
NickelschneebergiteBiNi2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
NickeltsumcoritePb(Ni,Fe3+)2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
PhosphogartrellitePbCuFe3+(PO4)2(OH,H2O)2Tric. 1 : P1
RappolditePbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
SchneebergiteBiCo2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
ThometzekitePbCu2+2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
YancowinnaitePbCuAl(AsO4)2OH · H2O Tric. 1 : P1
ZincgartrellitePbZn2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2Tric. 1 : P1

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
26 photos of Tsumcorite associated with QuartzSiO2
21 photos of Tsumcorite associated with DuftitePbCu(AsO4)(OH)
20 photos of Tsumcorite associated with MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
14 photos of Tsumcorite associated with SmithsoniteZnCO3
14 photos of Tsumcorite associated with AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
8 photos of Tsumcorite associated with ZincoliveniteCuZn(AsO4)(OH)
8 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
7 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Copper-bearing Adamite(Zn,Cu)2AsO4OH
7 photos of Tsumcorite associated with WulfenitePb(MoO4)
6 photos of Tsumcorite associated with CalciteCaCO3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.CG.Ca-HuréauliteCaMn5(PO4)4 · 4H2O
8.CG.FluckiteCaMn2+(AsO3OH)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.DondoelliteCa2Fe(PO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.AlumolukrahniteCa[CuAl](AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.CG.05CassidyiteCa2Ni(PO4)2 · 2H2OTric.
8.CG.05CollinsiteCa2Mg(PO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.05FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.05GaititeCa2Zn(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.05MesseliteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.05ParabrandtiteCa2Mn2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.05AnorthoroseliteCa2Co(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric.
8.CG.05TalmessiteCa2Mg(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.05HilliteCa2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.05Unnamed (Fe2+-analogue of Parabrandtite)Ca2Fe2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O
8.CG.10BrandtiteCa2Mn2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.CG.10RoseliteCa2Co(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.CG.10WendwilsoniteCa2Mg(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.CG.10ZincroseliteCa2Zn(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.CG.10RruffiteCa2Cu(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.CG.10Unnamed (Fe2+-analogue of Brandtite)Ca2Fe2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O
8.CG.15FerrilotharmeyeriteCaZnFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15LotharmeyeriteCaZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15MawbyitePbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15MounanaitePbFe3+2(VO4)2(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15ThometzekitePbCu2+2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15CobaltlotharmeyeriteCaCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15CabalzariteCaMg2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15KrettnichitePbMn3+2(VO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15CobalttsumcoritePbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15NickellotharmeyeriteCaNi2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15ManganlotharmeyeriteCaMn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15SchneebergiteBiCo2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15NickelschneebergiteBiNi2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15YancowinnaitePbCuAl(AsO4)2OH · H2O Tric. 1 : P1
8.CG.15NickeltsumcoritePb(Ni,Fe3+)2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CG.15MagnesiofluckiteCaMg(AsO3OH)2(H2O)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.CG.20GartrellitePbCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.20HelmutwinkleritePbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.20ZincgartrellitePbZn2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.CG.20RappolditePbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.20PhosphogartrellitePbCuFe3+(PO4)2(OH,H2O)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.CG.20LukrahniteCaCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.CG.25Pottsite(Pb3xBi4-2x)(VO4)4 · H2O (0.8 < x < 1.0)Tet. 4/m : I41/a
8.CG.25Armellinoite-(Ce)Ca4Ce4+(AsO4)4 · H2OTet. 4/m : I41/a
8.CG.35NickeltalmessiteCa2Ni(AsO4)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CG.55IrhtemiteCa4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 4H2OMon.

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Dissolves in HCl
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for TsumcoriteHide

References for TsumcoriteHide

Reference List:
Walenta, K., Wimmenauer, W. (1961) Der Mineralbestand des Michaelganges im Weiler bei Lahr (Schwarzwald). Jh. Geol. Landesamt Baden-WĂŒrttemberg: 4: 7-37. [as unnamed Pb-Zn-arsenate]
Geier, B. H., Kautz, K., MĂŒller, G. (1971) Tsumcorit(e) [PbZnFe(AsO4)2]·H2O, ein neues mineral aus den oxidationszonen der Tsumeb-Mine, SĂŒdwestafrika. Neues Jahrbuch fĂŒr Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1971. 305-309
Fleischer, M. (1972) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 57: 1552-1561 (1558).
Tillmanns, E., Gebert, W. (1973) The crystal structure of tsumcorite, a new mineral from the Tsumeb Mine, S.W. Africa. Acta Crystallographica: B29: 2789-2794.
Walenta, K. (1976) Tsumcorit aus der Grube Michael im Weiler bei Lahr (Schwarzwald). Aufschluß: 27: 373-379. (in German)
Hofmeister, W., Tillmans, E. (1976) Strukturelle Beziehungen zwischen Arsenbrackebuschit und Tsumcorit. Fortschritte der Mineralogie: 54: 38.
Krause, Werner, Belendorff, Klaus, Bernhardt, Heinz-JĂŒrgen, Mccammon, Catherine, Effenberger, Herta, Mikenda, Werner (1998) Crystal chemistry of the tsumcorite-group minerals. New data on ferrilotharmeyerite, tsumcorite, thometzekite, mounanaite, helmutwinklerite, and a redefinition of gartrellite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 10 (2) 179-206 doi:10.1127/ejm/10/2/0179
Jambor, John L., Grew, Edward S., Roberts, Andrew C. (1998) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 83. 1347-1352
Frost, Ray L., Kloprogge, J. Theo, Martens, Wayde N. (2004) Raman spectroscopy of the arsenates and sulphates of the tsumcorite mineral group. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 35 (1). 28-35 doi:10.1002/jrs.1076
Frost, Ray L., Weier, Matt (2004) Raman and infrared spectroscopy of tsumcorite mineral group. Neues Jahrbuch fĂŒr Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 2004 (7) 317-336 doi:10.1127/0028-3649/2004/2004-0317
Frost, Ray L., Xi, Yunfei (2012) Raman spectroscopy of selected tsumcorite Pb(Zn,Fe3+)2(AsO4)2(OH,H2O) minerals—Implications for arsenate accumulation. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 86. 224-230 doi:10.1016/j.saa.2011.10.028
(2023) Tsumcorite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for TsumcoriteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Yancowinna Co.
      • Broken Hill district
        • Broken Hill
          • Broken Hill South Mine (BHS Mine; South Mine)
Birch et al. (1997)
Day (1998)
  • South Australia
    • Flinders Ranges
      • North Flinders Ranges
        • Leigh Creek
          • Puttapa
Elliott et al. (1988)
  • Western Australia
    • Ashburton Shire
Nickel et al. (1993)
Nickel et al. (1993)
Bulgaria
 
  • Vratsa Province
    • Balkan Mts (Stara Planina)
Minceva-Stefanova (2001)
France
 
  • Occitanie
    • Aude
      • Narbonne
        • Padern
Favreau et al. (2003)
    • Aveyron
      • Villefranche-de-Rouergue
        • Monteils
Favreau et al. (2010)
  • Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte d'Azur
    • Var
      • Toulon
        • Le Pradet
Jean-Marie Claude collection
Germany
 
  • Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Gengenbach
          • Gengenbach
Blaß et al. (2000) +1 other reference
        • Oberwolfach
58. +2 other references
        • Seelbach
          • Seelbach
            • Weiler
Walenta et al. (1961) +2 other references
  • Hesse
    • Darmstadt
      • Bergstraße
        • Lautertal (Odenwald)
          • Reichenbach
Weiß (1990)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Siegen-Wittgenstein
        • Hilchenbach
          • MĂŒsen
Der Aufschluss 2000 (2)
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Neuwied
      • Linz am Rhein
        • Linz am Rhein
Wittern (2001)
    • Rhein-Lahn-Kreis
Wittern (2001)
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
      • BĂ€renstein
        • Niederschlag
Lapis (4)
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
Schnorrer et al. (1999)
          • Agios Konstantinos (Kamariza)
Ko Jansen
            • Mercati mines
Rieck (1999)
          • Sounion
            • Cato Sounio mines
Branko Rieck collection
Hungary
 
  • Pest County
    • Szob District
collector: Bence BĂłdy
Mexico
 
  • Durango
    • MapimĂ­ Municipality
      • MapimĂ­
Namibia (TL)
 
  • Oshikoto Region
    • Tsumeb
Walenta et al. (1961) +4 other references
  • Otjozondjupa Region
    • Grootfontein Constituency
several collections (mislabeled descloizite, see http://www.mindat.org/forum.php?read,7,304581,304581#msg-304581) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • CĂłrdoba
      • Villanueva de CĂłrdoba
Schnorrer (2000)
USA
 
  • Nevada
    • Humboldt County
      • Iron Point Mining District
        • Valmy
List provided by Paul Adams at SCMS ... +1 other reference
    • Nye County
      • Lodi Hills
        • Lodi Mining District
          • Quartz Mountain camp
Joe Marty collection (Tony Kampf analysis)
  • South Dakota
    • Lawrence County
Smith et al. (2000)
Rocks & Min.: 60:111.
  • Utah
    • Juab County
      • Thomas Range
EDS and XRD analyzed by Quentin ...
      • Tintic Mining District
        • Eureka
Marty et al. (1993)
        • Mammoth
Collected by and in the collection of ...
      • West Tintic Mining District
Collected by John Dagenais
    • Tooele County
      • Gold Hill Mining District (Clifton Mining District)
        • Gold Hill
          • Gold Hill Mine
Excalibur mineral specimen
      • Ophir Mining District
        • Jacob city
Collected by and in the collection of ...
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