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Wardite

Big Photo

Lavra da Ilha pegmatite, Jequitinhonha River, Taquaral, Itinga, Minas Gerais, Southeast Region, Brazil
© 2001 John H. Betts

Show Wardite Photos (48)
Formula:
NaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
System:TetragonalColour:Colourless, white, ...
Hardness:5
Name:Named after Henry Augustus Ward (1834-1906), Professor of Natural Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA. He was also a collector and founder of Ward's Natural Science Establishment in Rochester, which deals in natural history objects.


Wardite Group.

Classification of Wardite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/D.51-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.DL.10

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
L : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 2:1
Dana 8th edition ID:42.7.8.2

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
7 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.8.3

19 : Phosphates
8 : Phosphates of Al and other metals
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Type Occurrence of Wardite

Type Locality:Clay Canyon, Fairfield, Oquirrh Mts, Utah Co., Utah, USA
Year of Discovery:1896
Geological Setting of type material:Low-temperature phosphatic nodules in sedimentary rocks.
Associated Minerals at type locality:
VarisciteMillisiteCrandallite

Occurrences of Wardite

Geological Setting:Complex zoned pegmatites.

Physical Properties of Wardite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Opaque
Colour:Colourless, white, lightly coloured blue to green, yellow-green, light yellow, brown; colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):5
Cleavage:Perfect
On {001}, perfect.
Density (measured):2.81 - 2.87 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.805 g/cm3

Crystallography of Wardite

Crystal System:Tetragonal
Class (H-M):4 2 2 - Trapezohedral
Space Group:P41 21 2
Cell Parameters:a = 7.03(1) Å, c = 19.04(1) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 2.708
Unit Cell Volume:V 940.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Crystals dipyramidal, pseudo-octahedral, exhibiting forms {010}, {011}, {012}, {100}, and rarely {001}. Commonly striated perpendicular to [001]. Granular aggregates and crusts; subparallel aggregates of coarse fibers; radially-fibrous and concentrically banded spherulites.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Wardite

Type:Uniaxial (+)
RI values: nω = 1.586 - 1.594 nε = 1.595 - 1.604
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.009

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Comments:Basal sections of crystals from Montebras, France, are divided into four anomalously biaxial sections with Y = [101], Z = [001], and 2E (+) ranging up to 70°.

Chemical Properties of Wardite

Formula:
NaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, H, Na, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Al, H, Na, O, P

Relationship of Wardite to other Species

Common Associates:
WhitlockiteSideriteRoscheriteMontgomeryiteMitridatite
HydroxylherderiteFerrisickleriteFairfielditeEosphorite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
8.DL.05Foggite
CaAl[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
8.DL.10Cyrilovite
NaFe
3+
3
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
8.DL.10Millisite
(Na,K)CaAl
 
6
[(OH)
 
9
|(PO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Agardite-(Nd)
(Nd,La,Ce)Cu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Agardite-(Y)
(Y,Ca)Cu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
,HAsO
 
4
)|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Agardite-(Ce)
CeCu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Agardite-(La)
(La,Ce)Cu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Goudeyite
(Al,Y)Cu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Mixite
BiCu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Petersite-(Y)
(Y,Ce,Nd)Cu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Zálesíite
(Ca,Y)Cu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(HAsO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Plumboagardite
(Pb,REE,Ca)Cu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|(HAsO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.15Calciopetersite
CaCu
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|HPO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 3H
 
2
O
8.DL.20Cheremnykhite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
TeO
 
6
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
8.DL.20Dugganite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
(Te
6+
 
O
 
6
)(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
8.DL.20Kuksite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
TeO
 
6
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
8.DL.20Wallkilldellite-Mn
Ca
 
2
Mn
2+
3
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 9H
 
2
O
8.DL.20Wallkilldellite-(Fe)
(Ca,Cu)
 
4
Fe
2+
6
[(OH,O)
 
2
|(AsO
 
4
,SiO
 
4
)]
 
4
 · 18H
 
2
O
8.DL.20Wallkilldellite
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
19.8.1Montebrasite
LiAl[(OH,F)|PO
 
4
]
19.8.2Brazilianite
NaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
19.8.4Tancoite
LiNa
 
2
Al[OH|HPO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
19.8.5Bertossaite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Ca,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
4
[(OH,F)|PO
 
4
]
 
4
19.8.6Tinsleyite
KAl
 
2
[OH|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 2H
 
2
O
19.8.7Taranakite
(K,NH
 
4
)Al
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
OH·9H
 
2
O
19.8.8Francoanellite
K
 
3
Al
 
5
[(HPO
 
4
)
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
19.8.9Gordonite
MgAl
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.8.10Aldermanite
Mg
 
5
Al
 
12
[(OH)
 
11
|(PO
 
4
)
 
4
]
 
2
 · 32H
 
2
O
19.8.11Overite
CaMgAl[OH|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 4H
 
2
O
19.8.12Montgomeryite
Ca
 
4
MgAl
 
4
[(OH)
 
2
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
19.8.14Foggite
CaAl[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
19.8.15Gatumbaite
CaAl
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
19.8.16Crandallite
CaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
19.8.17Matulaite
CaAl
 
18
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
 
4
 · 28H
 
2
O
19.8.19Lehiite
19.8.20Millisite
(Na,K)CaAl
 
6
[(OH)
 
9
|(PO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 3H
 
2
O
19.8.21Englishite
K
 
3
Na
 
2
Ca
 
10
Al
 
15
[OH|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
 
7
 · 26H
 
2
O
19.8.22Kleemanite
ZnAl
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.8.23Mantienneite
KMg
 
2
Al
 
2
Ti[(OH)
 
3
|(PO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 15H
 
2
O
19.8.24Paulkerrite
K(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(Fe
3+
 
,Al,Ti,Mg)
 
2
Ti(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
3
 · 15H
 
2
O

Other Names for Wardite

Synonyms:
Soumansite
German names:
Wardit
Russian names:
Вардит
Spanish names:
Wardita

Other Information

Other Information:Completely soluble in acids with difficulty.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Wardite

Reference List:Davison (1896) American Journal of Science: 152: 154.

Larsen, E.S. and Shannon (1930) American Mineralogist: 15: 315.

Pough, F. (1937) American Museum, Nov. 1937, no. 932.

Larsen (1942) American Mineralogist: 27: 292.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 940-941.

American Mineralogist (1952): 37: 849-852.

Lindberg, M.L. (1957) Relationship of the
minerals avelinoite, cyrilovite, and wardite. American Mineralogist: 42: 204–213.

Fanfani, L., A. Nunzi, and P.F. Zanazzi (1970) The crystal structure of wardite. Mineralogical Magazine: 37: 598-605.

Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie (1981): 104: 683.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 680pp.: 643.

Internet Links for Wardite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
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  • Wardite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Wardite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • San Alberto Department
    		Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2006) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 2, p 428 (Asociación Mineralógica Argentina)
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Eyre peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		No reference listed
    • Victoria
      • Wycheproof
    • Western Australia
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Millstatt lake ridge
        • Spittal
          • Millstatt lake
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    G. Niedermayr: Carinthia II 187./107.:176 (1997)
    F. Walter, K. Ettinger: Carinthia II 191./111.:149-150 (2001)
    G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
          • Wolfsberg Mt.
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Styria
      • Fischbacher Alpen Mts
        • Krieglach
          • Freßnitzgraben
            • Alpl
    		F. Bernhard, F. Walter, K. Ettinger, J. Taucher, K. Mereiter: Amer. Mineral. 83:625-630 (1998)
    Belgium
     
    • Luxembourg Province
      • Stavelot Massif
    		No reference listed
    Brazil
     
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Itinga
          • Taquaral
    		Paul Bongaerts.
            • Jequitinhonha River
    		[www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
            • Laranjeira
    Canada
     
    • Yukon Territory
      • Dawson Mining District
    		MinRec 23:4-47
    [MinRec 23:Yukon 31]
    France
     
    • Limousin
      • Creuse
        • Boussac
          • Montebras-en-Soumans
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 941.
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • Zamora
    		Am Min 90:1887-1899
    USA
     
    • California
      • San Diego Co.
        • Pala District
          • Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala; Queen)
    		www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html.
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Portland
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of Connecticut and Southeastern New York State (Taylor Assoc./Mineralogical Press)
    • Idaho
      • Fremont Co.
    		Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Poland
    		"Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd Ed." by Thompson, W.B., et. al., 1998
      • Oxford Co.
        • Newry
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    No reference listed
    • Nevada
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Iron Point District
          • Valmy
    		Dr. William S. Wise presentation to Northwest Micro Mineral Study Group on 1 May 2004, Update on Mineralogy of the Silver Coin Mine, Iron Point District, Edna Mountains, Humboldt Co., Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Manhattan District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Walpole
    		Rocks & Min. 80:256 (2005)
      • Grafton Co.
        • Alexandria
    		No reference listed
        • Groton
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
      • Sullivan Co.
        • Acworth
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 941; Hurlbut, C.S., Jr. (1952) Wardite from Beryl Mountain, New Hamphire. American Mineralogist 37, 849-852.
        • Newport
    		No reference listed
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Fourmile
    		Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    		Rocks & Min.:60:110,112 & 116.
    • Utah
      • Box Elder Co.
        • Pilot Range
          • Lucin District
            • Lucin
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 941.; J. Marty (1995) Minerals of the Utahlite Claim (Edison and Bird Mine), Lucin, Box Elder County, Utah. Microprobe 8-2:4-10
      • Tooele Co.
        • Stansbury Mts
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 941.
      • Utah Co.
        • Oquirrh Mts
          • Fairfield
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 941, 958, 976; UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
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