Schoepite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Schoepite
Formula:
(UO2)8O2(OH)12 · 12H2O
Colour:
Amber-yellow, lemon-yellow, or sulphur-yellow
Lustre:
Adamantine, Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
4.8
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named by Thomas Leonard Walker in 1923 in honour of Alfred Schoep (born in Ghent on 6 June 1881, died in Ghent, 1 June 1966) Professor of Mineralogy, University of Ghent, Belgium.
May originate as a dehydration product of ianthinite, and may itself dehydrate to metaschoepite and, subsequently, to paulscherrerite.
Most stable uranyl-bearing phase at moderate H2O2 activity. At high concentrations of H2O2, the stability path is as follows: studtite, schoepite, metaschoepite, becquerelite.
Most stable uranyl-bearing phase at moderate H2O2 activity. At high concentrations of H2O2, the stability path is as follows: studtite, schoepite, metaschoepite, becquerelite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3574
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3574:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
ebff5d1d-9131-4266-adcb-db5c9db5b8c9
IMA Classification of Schoepite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
(UO2)4O(OH)6(H2O)6
Classification of Schoepite
4.GA.05
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
G : Uranyl Hydroxides
A : Without additional cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
G : Uranyl Hydroxides
A : Without additional cations
5.2.1.3
5 : OXIDES CONTAINING URANIUM OR THORIUM
2 : AXO3·xH2O
5 : OXIDES CONTAINING URANIUM OR THORIUM
2 : AXO3·xH2O
7.16.2
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
16 : Oxides of U
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
16 : Oxides of U
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Sho | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Schoepite
Adamantine, Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Amber-yellow, lemon-yellow, or sulphur-yellow
Streak:
Yellow
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001} perfect; {010} poor
{001} perfect; {010} poor
Density:
4.8 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.918 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Schoepite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.690 - 1.700 nβ = 1.714 - 1.720 nγ = 1.735
2V:
Measured: 89°
Birefringence:
0.04
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.045
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
weak to moderate
Optical Extinction:
Parallel
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = c = Colourless
Y = b = Lemon-yellow
Z = a = Lemon-yellow
Y = b = Lemon-yellow
Z = a = Lemon-yellow
Chemistry of Schoepite
Mindat Formula:
(UO2)8O2(OH)12 · 12H2O
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Schoepite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pbca
Setting:
Pbca
Cell Parameters:
a = 16.7810(5) Å, b = 14.7044(4) Å, c = 14.2985(5) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.141 : 1 : 0.972
Unit Cell V:
3528.22 ų
Z:
8
Morphology:
Usually tabular {001}; also equant or short prismatic [001].
Comment:
The space-group Pbca confirmed by the new structure determination and refinement; the formula is [(UO2)4O(OH)6](H2O)6 for Z = 8 (Plášil 2018)
Crystal Structure
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2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0005517 | Schoepite | Finch R J, Cooper M A, Hawthorne F C, Ewing R C (1996) The crystal structure of schoepite, [(UO2)8O2(OH)12](H2O)12 The Canadian Mineralogist 34 1071-1088 | 1996 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
7.28 Å | (100) |
5.08 Å | (70) |
3.66 Å | (10) |
3.51 Å | (10) |
3.44 Å | (20) |
3.22 Å | (10) |
2.89 Å | (10) |
2.54 Å | (19) |
Comments:
ICDD 13-407
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Near-surface Processes | |
27 : Radioactive decay; auto-oxidation | |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47f : [Uranyl (U⁶⁺) minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Schoepite
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidized zone of a copper-uranium deposit
Synonyms of Schoepite
Other Language Names for Schoepite
Relationship of Schoepite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Metaschoepite | (UO2)8O2(OH)12 · 10H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
Paulscherrerite | UO2(OH)2 | Mon. |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
51 photos of Schoepite associated with Rutherfordine | (UO2)CO3 |
33 photos of Schoepite associated with Uraninite | UO2 |
30 photos of Schoepite associated with Cuprosklodowskite | Cu(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 6H2O |
28 photos of Schoepite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
28 photos of Schoepite associated with Ianthinite | U4+(UO2)5O7 · 10H2O |
16 photos of Schoepite associated with Curite | Pb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2 |
14 photos of Schoepite associated with Digenite | Cu9S5 |
12 photos of Schoepite associated with Vandenbrandeite | Cu(UO2)(OH)4 |
11 photos of Schoepite associated with Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
10 photos of Schoepite associated with Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
4.GA.05 | Metaschoepite | (UO2)8O2(OH)12 · 10H2O |
4.GA.05 | Paraschoepite | UO3 · 2H2O |
4.GA.10 | Ianthinite | U4+(UO2)5O7 · 10H2O |
4.GA.15 | Metastudtite | UO4 · 2H2O |
4.GA.15 | Studtite | [(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2] · H2O |
4.GA.20 | Paulscherrerite | UO2(OH)2 |
4.GA.25 | Heisenbergite | UO2(OH) · 2H2O (simplified UO3 · 2H2 O) |
Fluorescence of Schoepite
Pale green SW and LW
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Schoepite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3574.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Schoepite
Reference List:
Schoep, Alfred, Stradiot, Sadi (1947) Paraschoepite and epiianthinite, two new uranium minerals from Shinkolobwe (Belgian Congo) American Mineralogist, 32 (5-6) 344-350 [as epiianthinite]
Christ, C. L., Clark, J. R. (1960) Crystal chemical studies of some uranyl oxide hydrates. American Mineralogist, 45 (9-10) 1026-1061
Vochten, R., Van Haverbeke, L. (1990) Transformation of schoepite into the uranyl oxide hydrates: Becquerelite, billietite and wölsendorfite. Mineralogy and Petrology, 43 (1) 65-72 doi:10.1007/bf01164222
Finch, Robert J., Cooper, Mark A., Hawthorne, Frank C., Ewing, Rodney C. (1996) The crystal structure of schoepite, [(UO2)8O2(OH)12](H2O)12. The Canadian Mineralogist, 34 (5) 1071-1088
Finch, Robert J., Hawthorne, Frank C., Miller, M. L., Ewing, R. C. (1997) Distinguishing among schoepite, [(UO2)8O2(OH)12](H2O)12, and related minerals by X-ray powder diffraction. Powder Diffraction, 12 (4) 230-238 doi:10.1017/s0885715600009799
Localities for Schoepite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Mr. Nelson Valenzuela. |
Australia | |
| D.A.Berkman (1968) |
| Brugger et al. (2003) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
Brazil | |
| Pires et al. (2014) |
Canada | |
| Cowan (1962) |
| Chatterjee (1977) |
| Reiner Mielke and Travis Olds |
China | |
| Long Lu et al. (2006) |
Czech Republic | |
| Plášil |
- (Pavel Škácha coll.) | |
| Lapis 2002 (7/8) |
| Plášil et al. (2014) |
| |
Hyrsl et al. (2009) | |
DR Congo (TL) | |
| Christ (1965) +2 other references |
| |
| Deliens (1996) +1 other reference |
| Rob Lavinsky specimen |
Egypt | |
| El-Naby (2009) |
Hussein et al. (1988) | |
France | |
| - (1998) |
J.-J. Périchaud: "Où trouver les minéraux d'Auvergne" et al. (Clermont-Ferrand) | |
| - (1998) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Lièvre et al. (2002) |
| Lièvre et al. (2002) |
| - (1998) |
- (1998) | |
| - (1998) |
| Bariand et al. (1993) +1 other reference |
| [Le Cahier des Micromonteurs |
- (1998) | |
Gabon | |
| Janusz Janeczek (1999) |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
Dill et al. (2010) | |
| Aufschluss 69/ (7+8) +1 other reference |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll et al. (1996) |
| Szakáll et al. (1996) |
Italy | |
| Daniele Ravagnani - I giacimenti ... |
| De Michele V. (1979) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| luigi chiapino |
| Ravagnani (1974) |
| Campostrini et al. (2006) |
| Campostrini et al. (2005) |
Japan | |
| Akira Kato (1973) |
Mexico | |
| Murphy (2006) |
www.swri.org (2001) | |
Namibia | |
| Bowell et al. (2017) |
New Zealand | |
| Christie et al. (2000) |
Norway | |
| Neumann (1985) |
Neumann (1985) | |
Pakistan | |
| Alia et al. (2018) |
Poland | |
| Syczewski et al. (2023) |
Russia | |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
Spain | |
| Joan Abella i Creus specimens |
| www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.) |
www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.) | |
| www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Meisser (2012) |
Tajikistan | |
| Pekov (1998) |
UK | |
| Braithwaite et al. (1990) |
Knight (1978) +2 other references | |
| R. S. W. Braithwaite and J. R. Knight (1990) +1 other reference |
Ukraine | |
| Burakov et al. () +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Frondel (1956) +2 other references |
| Bollin et al. (1958) |
Austin (1964) +1 other reference | |
| Granger (1962) +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Am Min 50:909-923 +2 other references |
| Travis Olds collection |
| King et al. (1994) |
| King (ed) |
King (ed.) | |
| Fred Davis discovery specimen and ... |
| Falster et al. (2019) |
| King et al. (1994) |
King et al. (6) | |
King et al. (6) | |
| King (2000) +1 other reference |
| |
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference | |
| Frondel (1956) |
| Whitmore et al. (2004) |
| Januzzi et al. (1976) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ... | |
| Foord et al. (1997) |
| Curt segeler |
| Smith (1991) |
MINERALS OF THE KARNES URANIUM ... | |
| Bullock (1981) |
Page et al. (1956) +3 other references | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
Bullock (1981) | |
USGS TEI #514 +4 other references | |
Min News 16:1 p1 | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Sumaila (2017) |
| Am Min 51:1567-1578 |
Uzbekistan | |
| Frost et al. (2009) |
Quick NavTopAbout SchoepiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Krunkelbach Valley Uranium deposit, Menzenschwand, St Blasien, Waldshut, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany