Anilite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Anilite
Formula:
Cu7S4
Colour:
Bluish-Grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
5.68 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
For the type locality, Ani Mine, Japan.
All specimens studied by the authors of the original description contained some djurleite.
Note: Many of the reported associations of digenite and djurleite, identified by powder diffraction, could be anilite and djurleite, as anilite transforms to digenite during grinding (Goble, 1985).
If heated, anilite decomposes to high digenite and covellite above 70 +- 3°C (Morimoto & Koto, 1970).
Note: Many of the reported associations of digenite and djurleite, identified by powder diffraction, could be anilite and djurleite, as anilite transforms to digenite during grinding (Goble, 1985).
If heated, anilite decomposes to high digenite and covellite above 70 +- 3°C (Morimoto & Koto, 1970).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
236
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:236:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
9e0e3e15-cb88-4a57-9ff4-672bcb08c2d9
IMA Classification of Anilite
Approved
First published:
1969
Classification of Anilite
2.BA.10
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2.4.7.5
2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
3.1.4
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Ani | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Ani | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Anilite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Bluish-Grey
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
None observed
Comment:
Brittle
Density:
5.68 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Anilite
Mindat Formula:
Cu7S4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Anilite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.89 Å, b = 7.84 Å, c = 11.01 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.006 : 1 : 1.404
Unit Cell V:
681.05 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prismatic or platy crystals to 5mm. Anilite cannot be identified using a powdered sample. Grinding transforms anilite to digenite (Morimoto, et. al., 1969).
Twinning:
Present; "neighboring twins".
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
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Display Options
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View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
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Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009376 | Anilite | Koto K, Morimoto N (1970) The crystal structure of anilite Acta Crystallographica B26 915-924 |  | 1970 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.36 Å | (20) |
| 3.32 Å | (17) |
| 3.20 Å | (57) |
| 2.77 Å | (65) |
| 2.75 Å | (6) |
| 2.69 Å | (14) |
| 2.59 Å | (29) |
| 2.54 Å | (31) |
| 2.39 Å | (10) |
| 2.16 Å | (39) |
| 2.13 Å | (15) |
| 2.05 Å | (5) |
| 1.956 Å | (100) |
| 1.873 Å | (10) |
| 1.847 Å | (3) |
| 1.677 Å | (35) |
Comments:
Morimoto, Nobuo, Koto,Kichiro, Shimazaki, Yoshihiko (1969) Anilite, Cu7S4, A New Mineral, American Mineralogist, v. 54, pp. 1256-1268.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Geological Setting:
Hydrothermal copper ores.
Type Occurrence of Anilite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Prismatic or platy crystals to 5 mm
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Sakurai Museum, Tokyo, Japan
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Morimoto, N., Koto, K., Shimazaki, Y. (1969) Anilite, Cu7S4, a new mineral. American Mineralogist: 54: 1256-1269.
Synonyms of Anilite
Copper Sulphides (in part)
Other Language Names for Anilite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.BA. | Orileyite | (Fe,Cu)2As |
| 2.BA. | Alburnite | Ag8GeTe2S4 |
| 2.BA. | Dzierżanowskite | CaCu2S2 |
| 2.BA. | Makotoite | Ag12(Cu3Au)S8 |
| 2.BA. | Xuwenyuanite | Ag9Fe3+Te2S4 |
| 2.BA.05 | Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| 2.BA.05 | Djurleite | Cu31S16 |
| 2.BA.05 | Geerite | Cu8S5 |
| 2.BA.05 | Roxbyite | Cu9S5 |
| 2.BA.10 | Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| 2.BA.15 | Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| 2.BA.20 | Bellidoite | Cu2Se |
| 2.BA.20 | Berzelianite | Cu2-xSe (x ≈ 0.12) |
| 2.BA.25 | Athabascaite | Cu5Se4 |
| 2.BA.25 | Umangite | Cu3Se2 |
| 2.BA.30 | Rickardite | Cu7Te5 |
| 2.BA.30 | Weissite | Cu2-xTe |
| 2.BA.35 | Acanthite | Ag2S |
| 2.BA.35 | Spryite | Ag8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6 |
| 2.BA.40 | Mckinstryite | Ag5-xCu3+xS4 |
| 2.BA.40 | Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
| 2.BA.40d | UM2003-13-S:AgAuCu | Ag6AuCu2S5 |
| 2.BA.42 | Honeaite | Au3TlTe2 |
| 2.BA.45 | Jalpaite | Ag3CuS2 |
| 2.BA.45 | Kurilite | Ag8Te3Se |
| 2.BA.45 | Selenojalpaite | Ag3CuSe2 |
| 2.BA.47 | Spiridonovite | (Cu1-xAgx)2Te |
| 2.BA.50 | Eucairite | AgCuSe |
| 2.BA.50 | Wuyanzhiite | Cu2S |
| 2.BA.52 | Argentite | Ag2S |
| 2.BA.55 | Aguilarite | Ag4SeS |
| 2.BA.55 | Naumannite | Ag2Se |
| 2.BA.60 | Cervelleite | Ag4TeS |
| 2.BA.60 | Hessite | Ag2Te |
| 2.BA.60 | Chenguodaite | Ag9Fe3+Te2S4 |
| 2.BA.65 | Henryite | (Cu,Ag)3+xTe2 , with x ~ 0.40 |
| 2.BA.65 | Stützite | Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36 |
| 2.BA.70 | Argyrodite | Ag8GeS6 |
| 2.BA.70 | Canfieldite | Ag8SnS6 |
| 2.BA.70 | Putzite | (Cu4.7Ag3.3)GeS6 |
| 2.BA.75 | Fischesserite | Ag3AuSe2 |
| 2.BA.75 | Penzhinite | (Ag,Cu)4Au(S,Se)4 |
| 2.BA.75 | Petrovskaite | AuAgS |
| 2.BA.75 | Petzite | Ag3AuTe2 |
| 2.BA.75 | Uytenbogaardtite | Ag3AuS2 |
| 2.BA.80 | Bezsmertnovite | (Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb) |
| 2.BA.80 | Bilibinskite | PbCu2Au3Te2 |
| 2.BA.80 | Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
Fluorescence of Anilite
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Anilite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-236.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Anilite
Reference List:
Localities for Anilite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Colombo et al. (2011) |
Atlantic Ocean | |
| Gablina et al. (2006) |
| Gablina et al. (2017) | |
Australia | |
| Richardson et al. (1997) +1 other reference |
| Ciobanu et al. (2017) |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Ogilvie (2014) |
Austria | |
| Leitner (2013) |
| Raith et al. (2015) | |
| Jakely (Hrsg.) | |
| Raith et al. (2015) |
| Moser & Postl (1990) +1 other reference |
Belgium | |
| Hatert et al. (2014) |
| Hatert et al. (2002) | |
| Hatert (1996) +2 other references | |
Brazil | |
| Bello (1986) |
Canada | |
| Goble R J (1980) +1 other reference |
| Goble R J (1980) +1 other reference | |
| Economic Geology (1996) |
| Sinclair (2001) | |
| nsminerals.atspace.com (2005) |
Chile | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Melluish (1994) | |
| Oliveros et al. (2008) |
| Flint (1986) |
| Morimoto et al. (1969) |
| Econ Geol (1987) |
China | |
| Jiyu Xue et al. (2000) +2 other references |
| Zhai et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
| Rongge Xiao and Wensheng Ge (1999) |
Czech Republic | |
| SEJKORA et al. (2022) |
| Sejkora et al. (2021) |
| Ondruš et al. (2003) |
| Malec J. et al.: Jacutingait (podkrkonošská pánev) |
| Dolníček et al. (2019) |
| Sejkora et al. (2007) |
| Sejkora J. et al. (Česká republika) |
| Hyrsl et al. (2009) |
Germany | |
| Markl (2017) |
| Staude et al. (2012) |
| Staude et al. (2012) |
| Belendorff (2021) |
| undefined |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Blass et al. (2006) | |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| XRD by Joachim Lorenz |
| Lapis 15 (7/8) |
| Lapis 15 (7/8) | |
| Siemroth |
| Wittern (2001) | |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (2018) |
India | |
| Sikka et al. (1991) +1 other reference |
Indonesia | |
| The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 41 (2003) |
Iran | |
| Sadati et al. (2016) |
| an example of Manto type copper ... +1 other reference |
| AN EXAMPLE OF MANTO TYPE COPPER ... +1 other reference |
| www.fos.ut.ac.ir (2004) +1 other reference |
Israel | |
| Shlomovitch et al. (1999) |
Italy | |
| Tumiati et al. (2005) |
| Notiziario di Mineralogia-Ferrania Club ... |
| Folie et al. (2010) |
| Pisa University analysis |
Japan (TL) | |
| Morimoto et al. (1969) |
| The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) |
| Matsueda (2000) | |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Noku et al. (2012) |
Peru | |
| Clark et al. (1990) |
| Clark et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
Philippines | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
Poland | |
| Oszczepalski (1999) |
| Piestrzyński et al. (2012) | |
| Kucha H. 2007: Mineralogia kruszcowa i ... +2 other references |
| Kucha (1979) | |
| Kucha (2021) +1 other reference |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... | |
| Duczmal-Czernikiewicz et al. (2021) | |
| Mederski et al. (2021) |
| Oszczepalski et al. (2017) |
Portugal | |
| Gustavo Pereira Fernandes |
Russia | |
| Michurin et al. (2024) |
| Palyanova +3 other references |
| Коневин et al. (2020) |
| V. I. Ivashchenko et al. (2007) | |
| Nenasheva et al. (2011) |
| |
| |
| Palyanova et al. (2018) |
| Yakhontova +4 other references |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Bakhsh (2018) |
| Bakhsh (2018) | |
Serbia | |
| JF Carpentier collection |
Slovakia | |
| Vlasáč J. et al. (2018) |
| Koděra (1986) |
Spain | |
| Castillo-Oliver et al. (2019) |
Switzerland | |
| Beda Hofmann (1986) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Ansermet (2012) |
Turkey | |
| Beih. z. Eur. J. Mineral 18 (2006) |
UK | |
| Tindle (2008) | |
| Starkey et al. (1998) |
| Faithfull et al. (2012) |
USA | |
| - (2008) |
| USGS OFR 2003-404 (Hudson,2003) +1 other reference | |
| - (2008) | |
| - (2008) | |
| - (2008) | |
| Grant et al. (2005) |
| Joseph F. Cooper Jr. et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
| Economic Geology (1990) |
| Buchholz et al. (2010) |
| Heinrich et al. (2004) |
| Sherwood et al. (1998) |
| Rocks & Min.: 64:22&26. |
| Leach et al. (1995) | |
| Smithsonian Institution Mineral ... |
| Smithsonian Institution Mineral ... |
| Smithsonian institution Mineral ... | |
| Smithsonian Institution Mineral ... | |
| - (2005) |
| Economic Geology +5 other references |
| Smith and Hioff (1984) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
Uzbekistan | |
| Kovalenker et al. (1997) |
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Tilva Mika deposit, Bor Mine, Bor, Bor District, Central Serbia, Serbia