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Harstigite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Harstigite (10)

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Harstigite

Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Harstigite

Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Harstigite

Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Harstigite

Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Harstigite

Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Harstigite

Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Harstigite

Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

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About HarstigiteHide

Dumps at Harstigen Mine

Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Formula:

Ca₆(Mn,Mg)Be₄Si₆(O,OH)₂₄

Colour:

Colorless

Lustre:

Vitreous

Hardness:

5½

Specific Gravity:

3.16

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic

Name:

Named by G. Flink in 1886 for the type locality, Harstigen mine, Sweden.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

This page provides mineralogical data about Harstigite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

1822

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1822:3

GUID
(UUID V4):

3e1c644a-0ac8-49c4-aaca-ba33c19d1199

IMA Classification of HarstigiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

Ca₆Be₄Mn²⁺(SiO₄)₂(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₂

First published:

1886

Type description reference:

Flink, Gustav (1886) Mineralogiska notiser I. 14. Harstigit från Pajsberg [Mineralogical notes I. 14. Harstigite from Pajsberg]. Bihang til Svenska vetenskapsakademien handlingar, 12 (3) 59-63

Classification of HarstigiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

9.BF.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
F : Sorosilicates with mixed SiO₄ and Si₂O₇ groups; cations in tetrahedral [4] and greater coordination

Dana 8th ed.:

57.1.1.2

57 : SOROSILICATES Si₃O₁₀ Groups and Larger Noncyclic Groups
1 : Insular Si₃O₁₀ and Larger Noncyclic Groups with [Si₃O₁₀] groups

Hey's CIM Ref.:

14.3.20

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
3 : Silicates of Be

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Har	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of HarstigiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous

Transparency:

Transparent, Translucent

Colour:

Colorless

Hardness:

5½ on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Fracture:

Splintery, Sub-Conchoidal

Density:

3.16 g/cm³ (Measured) 3.19 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Comment:

Measured value from Moore, P.B. (1968) Relation of the manganese-calcium silicates, gageite and harstigite: a correction. American Mineralogist: 53: 1418-1420.

Optical Data of HarstigiteHide

Type:

Biaxial (+)

RI values:

n_α = 1.678 n_β = 1.680 n_γ = 1.683

2V:

Measured: 52° , Calculated: 80°

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.005

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

High

Dispersion:

r >> v strong

Chemistry of HarstigiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Ca₆(Mn,Mg)Be₄Si₆(O,OH)₂₄

Elements listed:

Be, Ca, H, Mg, Mn, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Crystallography of HarstigiteHide

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic

Class (H-M):

mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal

Cell Parameters:

a = 13.830 Å, b = 13.636 Å, c = 9.793 Å

Ratio:

a:b:c = 1.014 : 1 : 0.718

Unit Cell V:

1,846.82 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Twinning:

Cruciform twin, composed of two orthorhombic individuals twinned on (110).

Comment:

Space Group: Pnam

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0010962	Harstigite	Hesse K F, Stumpel G (1986) Crystal structure of harstigite, MnCa6Be4[SiO4]2[Si2O7]2(OH)2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 177 143-148		1986	Harstigen mine, Sweden	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Harstigite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Hesse K F'
'Stumpel G'
_journal_name_full 'Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie'
_journal_volume 177 
_journal_year 1986
_journal_page_first 143
_journal_page_last 148
_publ_section_title
;
 Crystal structure of harstigite, MnCa6Be4[SiO4]2[Si2O7]2(OH)2
;
_database_code_amcsd 0010962
_chemical_compound_source 'Harstigen mine, Sweden'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Ca6 Mn Be4 Si6 O24 H2'
_cell_length_a 9.793
_cell_length_b 13.636
_cell_length_c 13.830
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 1846.822
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.186
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P n a m'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  'x,y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,1/2+z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Ca1   0.99620   0.60830   0.38590 ?
Ca2   0.50860   0.31570   0.38760 ?
Ca3   0.50040   0.58970   0.39260 ?
Mn   0.99930   0.39500   0.25000 ?
Be1   0.23810   0.40170   0.41590 ?
Be2   0.26240   0.53940   0.75000 ?
Be3   0.26570   0.72840   0.25000 ?
Si1   0.22810   0.25790   0.25000 ?
Si2   0.28310   0.51510   0.25000 ?
Si3   0.21240   0.54980   0.54900 ?
Si4   0.23250   0.74850   0.45210 ?
O1   0.15790   0.65900   0.51440 ?
O2   0.39520   0.74170   0.45490 ?
O3   0.17010   0.84590   0.50360 ?
O4   0.16750   0.74000   0.34580 ?
O5   0.13730   0.47460   0.47650 ?
O6   0.15290   0.53080   0.65770 ?
O7   0.37780   0.55040   0.54710 ?
O8   0.16020   0.31650   0.34340 ?
O9   0.34250   0.46060   0.34600 ?
O10   0.11720   0.52390   0.25000 ?
O11   0.15900   0.14850   0.25000 ?
O12   0.39260   0.24760   0.25000 ?
O13   0.35070   0.62450   0.25000 ?
O-h14   0.36660   0.44990   0.75000 ?
O-H15   0.11150   0.31460   0.75000 ?
H   0.17600   0.88300   0.25000   0.08100
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Ca1 0.00660 0.00760 0.00930 -0.00040 -0.00120 -0.00130
Ca2 0.00600 0.00940 0.00850 0.00120 0.00060 -0.00200
Ca3 0.00660 0.00740 0.00850 0.00160 -0.00260 -0.00070
Mn 0.00760 0.00810 0.01640 -0.00010 0.00000 0.00000
Be1 0.00950 0.00790 0.00720 0.00210 -0.00090 0.00120
Be2 0.00260 0.00700 0.01920 0.00150 0.00000 0.00000
Be3 0.00780 0.00500 0.00010 0.00020 0.00000 0.00000
Si1 0.00390 0.00450 0.00830 -0.00010 0.00000 0.00000
Si2 0.00200 0.00550 0.00450 -0.00010 0.00000 0.00000
Si3 0.00470 0.00390 0.00730 0.00090 0.00060 0.00120
Si4 0.00350 0.00470 0.00740 0.00020 0.00100 -0.00030
O1 0.00630 0.00670 0.01280 0.00080 0.00110 0.00310
O2 0.00440 0.00710 0.01240 -0.00080 -0.00050 0.00140
O3 0.00540 0.00840 0.00920 -0.00020 0.00170 -0.00280
O4 0.00640 0.01330 0.00550 -0.00290 0.00050 -0.00130
O5 0.00680 0.00550 0.00810 0.00030 -0.00110 -0.00510
O6 0.00310 0.00910 0.01130 0.00000 -0.00020 0.00040
O7 0.00460 0.00610 0.00900 0.00060 0.00040 -0.00040
O8 0.00920 0.00400 0.00650 -0.00110 -0.00030 -0.00110
O9 0.00750 0.00380 0.00750 -0.00130 -0.00210 0.00100
O10 0.00250 0.01370 0.00930 -0.00140 0.00000 0.00000
O11 0.00520 0.00660 0.01090 0.00510 0.00000 0.00000
O12 0.00430 0.00640 0.00870 0.00350 0.00000 0.00000
O13 0.00150 0.00640 0.01200 0.00160 0.00000 0.00000
O-h14 0.01110 0.00860 0.00690 0.00090 0.00000 0.00000
O-H15 0.01050 0.00720 0.01760 0.00750 0.00000 0.00000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
4.35 Å	(40)
3.545 Å	(30)
3.222 Å	(40)
2.817 Å	(50)
2.788 Å	(50)
2.695 Å	(100)
2.268 Å	(50)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits

Type Occurrence of HarstigiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

General Appearance of Type Material:

Small stout prismatic crystals without cleavage.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Swedish Natural History Museum

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Open vein in hausmannite and dolomite.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Rhodonite

Garnet Group

Calcite

Reference:

Flink, G. (1886) Mineralogiska notiser 1. Harstigit från Pajsberg. Bihang till Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar: 12(II): 59-63.

Other Language Names for HarstigiteHide

German:Harstigit

Russian:Гарстигит

Simplified Chinese:镁柱石

Spanish:Harstigita

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

2 photos of Harstigite associated with Spessartine	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
2 photos of Harstigite associated with Hematite	Fe₂O₃
1 photo of Harstigite associated with Pennine	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
1 photo of Harstigite associated with Tephroite	Mn²⁺₂SiO₄

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.BF.10	Samfowlerite	Ca₂₈Mn₆Zn₄(Be,Zn)₄Be₁₂[(OH)₃(SiO₄)₃(Si₂O₇)₂]₄	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.BF.15	Davreuxite	MnAl₆Si₄O₁₇(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
9.BF.20	Queitite	Pb₄Zn₂(SO₄)(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)	Mon. 2 : P2₁

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for HarstigiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-1822.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for HarstigiteHide

Reference List:

Flink, Gustav (1886) Mineralogiska notiser I. 14. Harstigit från Pajsberg [Mineralogical notes I. 14. Harstigite from Pajsberg]. Bihang til Svenska vetenskapsakademien handlingar, 12 (3) 59-63

Flink, G. (1917) Bidrag till Sveriges mineralogi, 105. Harstigit från Hartsigsgrufvan. Arkiv för Kemi, mineralogi och Geologi: 6: 49-51.

Moore, Paul B. (1968) Relations of the manganese-calcium silicates, gageite and harstigite. American Mineralogist, 53 (1-2) 309-315

Moore, Paul B. (1968) Relation of the manganese-calcium silicates, gageite and harstigite: a correction. American Mineralogist, 53 (7-8) 1418-1420

Welin, E. (1968) Notes on the mineralogy of Sweden 6. X-ray powder data for minerals from Långban and the related mineral deposits of Central Sweden. Arkiv för Mineralogi och Geologi, 4. 499-541

Hesse, K.F., Stümpel, G. (1986) Crystal structure of harstigite, MnCa6Be4[SiO4]2[Si2O7]2(OH)2. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 177: 143-148.

(2023) Harstigite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for HarstigiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Italy
Campania Salerno Nocera Inferiore ⓘ ~~Fiano tuff quarries~~	Carati (1988) +2 other references

Sweden (TL)
Värmland County Filipstad Persberg ore district Pajsberg ⓘ Harstigen Mine (TL)	Flink (1886) +2 other references

Harstigite

About HarstigiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of HarstigiteHide

Classification of HarstigiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of HarstigiteHide

Optical Data of HarstigiteHide

Chemistry of HarstigiteHide

Crystallography of HarstigiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of HarstigiteHide

Other Language Names for HarstigiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for HarstigiteHide

References for HarstigiteHide

Localities for HarstigiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide