Biphosphammite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Biphosphammite
Formula:
NH4(H2PO4)
Colour:
White, pale yellow or colorless; colorless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Waxy, Dull, Earthy
Hardness:
1 - 2
Specific Gravity:
2.04
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named in 1870 by Charles Upham Shepard for the chemical composition containing phosphate and ammonium.
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
678
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:678:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
601d30d3-0037-4701-b8d3-da028af8adde
IMA Classification of Biphosphammite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
(NH4)H2(PO4)
First published:
1870
Type description reference:
Classification of Biphosphammite
8.AD.15
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
Dana 7th ed.:
37.1.4.1
37.1.4.1
37 : ANHYDROUS ACID PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES AND VANADATES
1 : Miscellaneous
37 : ANHYDROUS ACID PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES AND VANADATES
1 : Miscellaneous
19.1.8
19 : Phosphates
1 : Phosphates of the alkali metals
19 : Phosphates
1 : Phosphates of the alkali metals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Bpam | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Biphosphammite
Waxy, Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
Due to fine-grained material
Colour:
White, pale yellow or colorless; colorless in transmitted light.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
1 - 2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2.04 g/cm3 (Measured) 1.99 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Also calculated = 1.80
Optical Data of Biphosphammite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.525 nε = 1.480
Birefringence:
0.045
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.045
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Optical Extinction:
parallel
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Biphosphammite
Mindat Formula:
NH4(H2PO4)
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Biphosphammite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4 2 2 - Trapezohedral
Space Group:
I41 2 2
Setting:
I41 2 2
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.494 Å, c = 7.340 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.979
Unit Cell V:
412.21 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Fine-grained granular crust.
Comment:
AC B 29:2721 (1973); Also a 7.502, c 7.554
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0009493 | Biphosphammite | Khan A A, Baur W H (1973) Refinement of the crystal structures of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen arsenate Acta Crystallographica B29 2721-2726 | 1973 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
5.32 Å | (100) |
3.75 Å | (60) |
3.08 Å | (90) |
3.07 Å | (90) |
2.66 Å | (20) |
2.65 Å | (20) |
2.02 Å | (40) |
2.01 Å | (40) |
Comments:
ICDD 37-1479; also 6-125, 29-74.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
52 : Guano- and urine-derived minerals | <0.4 |
Geological Setting:
Guano caves
Type Occurrence of Biphosphammite
General Appearance of Type Material:
White, powdery effluorescence
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Western Australian Museum, Perth, MDC3977.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Guano deposits
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Shepard, C.U. (1870) Notice of the Guanape Island guano. The Rural Carolinian: 1: 469-471.
Other Language Names for Biphosphammite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
8.AD. | Keplerite | Ca9(Ca0.5◻0.5)Mg(PO4)7 |
8.AD. | Deynekoite | Ca9◻Fe3+(PO4)7 |
8.AD. | Mazorite | Ba3(PO4)2 |
8.AD. | Monazite-(Gd) | Gd(PO4) |
8.AD.05 | Nahpoite | Na2(PO3OH) |
8.AD.10 | Monetite | Ca(PO3OH) |
8.AD.10 | Weilite | Ca(HAsO4) |
8.AD.10 | Švenekite | Ca(H2AsO4)2 |
8.AD.15 | Archerite | (K,NH4)(H2PO4) |
8.AD.20 | Phosphammite | (NH4)2(PO3OH) |
8.AD.25 | Buchwaldite | NaCa(PO4) |
8.AD.30 | Schultenite | Pb(HAsO4) |
8.AD.35 | Chernovite-(Y) | Y(AsO4) |
8.AD.35 | Dreyerite | Bi(VO4) |
8.AD.35 | Wakefieldite-(Ce) | Ce(VO4) |
8.AD.35 | Wakefieldite-(Y) | Y(VO4) |
8.AD.35 | Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
8.AD.35 | Chernovite-(Ce) | (Ce,Y)(AsO4) |
8.AD.35 | Pretulite | Sc(PO4) |
8.AD.35 | Xenotime-(Yb) | Yb(PO4) |
8.AD.35 | Wakefieldite-(La) | La(VO4) |
8.AD.35 | Wakefieldite-(Nd) | Nd(VO4) |
8.AD.35 | Xenotime-(Gd) | Gd(PO4) |
8.AD.40 | Pucherite | Bi(VO4) |
8.AD.45 | Ximengite | Bi(PO4) |
8.AD.50 | Gasparite-(Ce) | Ce(AsO4) |
8.AD.50 | Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
8.AD.50 | Monazite-(La) | La(PO4) |
8.AD.50 | Monazite-(Nd) | Nd(PO4) |
8.AD.50 | Rooseveltite | Bi(AsO4) |
8.AD.50 | Cheralite | CaTh(PO4)2 |
8.AD.50 | Monazite-(Sm) | Sm(PO4) |
8.AD.50 | UM2005-35-VO:CaFePSiTh | (Th,Ca)(VO4,SiO4,PO4) |
8.AD.50 | Gasparite-(La) | La(AsO4) |
8.AD.55 | Tetrarooseveltite | Bi(AsO4) |
8.AD.60 | Chursinite | [Hg2]2+Hg2+2[AsO4]2 |
8.AD.65 | Clinobisvanite | Bi(VO4) |
8.AD.70 | Gurimite | Ba3(VO4)2 |
8.AD.75 | Picaite | NaCa[AsO3OH][AsO2(OH)2] |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Biphosphammite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-678.html
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References for Biphosphammite
Reference List:
Localities for Biphosphammite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Snow et al. (2014) |
| Pryce (1972) |
| Bridge (1974) |
Bridge (1977) | |
Bahamas | |
| Onac B.P. et al. (2009) |
Botswana | |
| Anthony et al. (2016) |
Chile | |
| De Waele et al. (2009) |
De Waele et al. (2017) | |
Namibia | |
| Martini et al. (1999) |
Mineralogical Society of America - ... | |
Peru | |
| Shepard (1870) |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Saudi Geological Survey Open-File ... +1 other reference |
United Arab Emirates | |
| Audra et al. (2017) |
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Petrogale Cave, Madura Roadhouse, Dundas Shire, Western Australia, Australia